A device that produces electricity by transforming chemical energy1yde1c*- +u y7cbv omn into electrical energy is calledyv17* c1muoebdcn-+y a

  A car battery

  The total amount of charge that passzkb,nk6 8/uc ses through a wire's full cross section at any point per unit of time is referred toknu,8 bs/c 6zk as

  The direction of convention current is taken to be the directi v5/6wob;6pmuz mg3ean5) r cjon that

  A coulomb per second is the same asc;8vr-n(nh7 jhd7g t u

  Car batteries are rated in "amp-hours." This is a measure of th: xft6k 9)yrumeir

  The resistance of a wire iscji.(sls v- vjohz7+- defined as

  What is $1 \; \Omega$ equivalent to?

  The resistance of a wire is0 tqa9h6n n6o6g ccxja04oug3

  The resistivity of a w-xb7f7 d/e -d5 7d n8jg7viqv; arpuhgire depends on

  Which conducting material has the lowest resiss; aq5yx /*gky,dn 0ystivity value?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length of the other. H 3ginn5 0fm(,o aushw:ow do the resistos0g(hi35a,mn nfwu: ivities of these two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has tw0d)nyba 4))dc4mi g.jqjw 9 qwice the length of the other. How do the resistances of these two w 4mdc)j 40)q.n9bjwaiywg)d qires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. in.: 2npuoz/ cc7yd 1rfqkt9zd(3yb , One has twice the cross-sectional area of the other. How do the resistances of i3bfck r d91 /oc7 ut2qy,n.pzd n:(zythese two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice xyaass +jlehr,sx-9 (h/ocz18r)4ow the length and twice the cross-sectional area of the other. How do thx8j(1+)se- lh xa9ayoshc/oswz r4, re resistances of these two wires compare?

  The length of a wire is doubled and the radius is doubled. By what factor dio.8v:mfu /qe g2r,k coes ivm2 8u.,erocq/ kfg:the resistance change?

  How much more resistn) o6op,qbf;b o9f: xkance does a 1.0 cm diameter rod have compared to a 2.0 cm diameter rod of the ;f n:,b6)qoxoobf9kp same length and made of the same material?

  The resistivity of most common meta av6 ;2gzbn+hrls

  Negative temperature coefficients of resisx 37 rq)tel2re/; zffltivity

  What is 1 W equivalent to*y r(kujs ( ksf.4lpf0?

  A kilowatt-hour is equivale/)jxm3 dk0fn unt to

  If the resistance in a constant voltage circubfrl,bi f4j*+zzd *: ze5j:krit is doubled, the power dissipated by that cr*fijj*b5: z,e:zdlfb+ 4zr k ircuit will

  If the voltage across c yp5 5o::lqfda circuit of constant resistance is doubled, the power dissipated by that ciry::fp clq55o dcuit will

  If the resistance in a circuit with constaz/r vn7f.* vmunt current flowing is doubled, the power dissip/nr uzf7.m*vvated by that circuit will

  If the current flowing through a1v q92ywo9jrx circuit of constant resistance is doubled, the power dissy 19jqo2w9x rvipated by that circuit will

  During a power demand, the voltage outputyeyqwk,jj9+t; 2 af1or v7k-k is reduced by 5.0%. By what percentage is the power on a resistor affecte y-y t,kwa7ej rvko+kf1qj ;92d?

  A current that is sinu)td:yt xsm5aob(p2o9 soidal with respect to time is referred to as

  Consider two copper wires each carrying a current o/o0dl;zl4 w xwsgu )t6f 3.0 A. One wire has twice lg)x0s 6wwto;z4lu/d the diameter of the other. The ratio of the drift velocity in the smaller diameter wire to that in the larger diameter wire is

  Materials in which the resistivity j/jwq/6o, zcz becomes essentially zero at very low temperatures are referred to aszw/ zj6/qjo c,

  What current is flowinam 5 )ywexbg)ej0/imx; lb)7dg if 0.67 C of charge pass a point in 0.30 s?

  A charge of 12 C passes.r jsxp )1so8p through an electroplating apparatus in 2.0 min. What is s)spo.r 1j8x pthe average current?

  How much charge must pass by a point in 10 s for the current to be 0.50f (q+ nje :1kus1+hb/vjxk3qs A?

  A total of $2.0 \times 10^{13} \; protons$ pass a given point in 15 s. What is the current?

  What current is flowing4,s huhid-f5 i if $4.0 \times 10^{16} \; electrons$ pass a point in 0.50 s?

  If $3.0 \times 10^{15} \; electrons$ flow through a section of a wire of diameter 2.0 mm in 4.0 s, what is the current in the wire?

  A coffee maker, which draws 13.5 A of current, has been ls4tgbez;.zp8 m 2jx(oh3 b5kf eft on for 10 min. What is the net number of electrons thaz5jbo kz b3egpf2(8h4m; s.xtt have passed through the coffee maker?

  In an electroplating process, it t26leo* dq6jf is desired to deposit 40 mg of silver on a metal part by using a cuq dj2 l*6ft6oerrent of 2.0 A. How long must the current be allowed to run to deposit this much silver? (The silver ions are singly charged, and the atomic weight of silver is 108.)

  What potential difference is required to cause 4.00 A to flow through a resis4gv 9 nxbo6-5kl/padue58yhym8rfd*tance o8yo be 5fmg/nrhd58y kl-4*dua6vpx 9 f 330 W?

  What is the voltage across xi ,u5nx t:1mqd;0hxs akho,*a 5.0-W resistor if the current through it is 5.0 A?

  A 4000-W resistor is connected across 220 V. What currentojw8hec h92s j,:w e;i will flow?

  A light bulb operating at 110 V draws 1. sg6q24evl2ymz a8b+.jr ooe;40 A of current. What is its resistance;ro4ej2 e s8m z2alo+yqgb6 v.?

  A 12-V battery is connected to a 100-W resistor. How many electrons flow throug y7j7aass4 wuo,)e7 lgf0zc9xl, gk e3h the3 a)x9 j7ae,e47glo lwufygs0 ,c7 szk wire in
1.0 min?

  What is the resistance of 1.0 m -wb :8w)bjw0qieton9 copper wire of diameter 0.40 inch? (The resistivity otb:-q0jwo 8niw9eb )wf copper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  What is the resistance ofdr(pj/xz b1, jrxx *f6 a circular rod 1.0 cm in diameter and 45 m long, if the resistivityjx6jd 1rb( ,xxrp* /zf is $1.4 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$?

  What length of coppe6z9fcj43 3a m c;gpi /qria5uur wire (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) of diameter 0.15 mm is needed for a total resistance of $15 \; \Omega$?

  A 120-m long copper wi +ml4j1 er 7at15jnaimre (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) has resistance $6.0 \; \Omega$. What is the diameter of the wire?

  A 1.5-cm square rod, 4.0 m long, measures 0.040 ohms. What is its (6b0th0 wd mplnq ao 8+dkd2s-resistivity?

  Calculate the current thew/usx au5s,28 8;htp,bd1ak lbiu c- rough a 10.0-m long 22 gauge (the radius is 0.321 mm) nichrome wire if it is connected to a 12.0-V battery. (The resistdaw ilkcup- b; 1eh8 suab5,t/8s2,xuivity of nichrome is $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  A heavy bus bar is 20 cm long and of rectangular cross-seuxjd8 o ylj,0:ction, 1.0 cm x 2.0 cm. What is the voltage drop along its length when it carries 4000 A?ud : 0,jyloj8x (The resistivity of copper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \Omega \cdot m$)

  A 1.0-m length of nichrome wire has a radius of /a a wextz qvos-/6/z(no;v(r0.50 mm and a resistivity of $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$. If the wire carries a current of 0.50 A, what is the voltage across the wire?

  A 1.0-mm diameter copper wire (resistt, i11an gp- qs,k1kt1crkl(cl0 /vvhivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) carries a current of 15 A. What is the potential difference between two points 100 m apart?

  A carbon resistor has a resistance ofnsao qt fg/qz :u (oz0(:w6yj/ $18 \Omega$ at a temperature of $20 ^{\circ}C$. What is its resistance at a temperature of $120 ^{\circ}C$? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for carbon is $-5.0 \times 10^{-4} /^{\circ}C$.)

  The temperature coefficient of4dt*u5 .tw kiw resistivity of platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$. If a platinum wire has a resistance of R at room temperature ($23 ^{\circ}C$), to what temperature must it be heated in order to double its resistance to 2R?

  A platinum wire is used to determine the melting point of indium. The resis owsf+o-i ox (,n(8xvptance of the platinum xswi+o v8-(on,px( f owire is $2.000 \; \Omega$ at $20 ^{\circ}C$ and increases to $3.072 \; \Omega$ as indium starts to melt. What is the melting point of indium? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$.)

  5.00 A is flowing through/mh ocq* yf 6nsc-o+8i an $10.0 \; \Omega$ resistor. How much power is being dissipated?

  A 110-V hair dryer is rated at 1200 W. What cu30bz3,qpt 5vtk/ccjx 2s1t uerrent will it draw?

  A 150-W light bulb running on 114qm2zeen / v,v-x 8aha0 V draws how much current?

  What is the nominal resistance n:zt*k7r+ gpbt sicfj1:+ii;qu:c l8 of a 100-W light bulb designed to be used in a 120-V circuikpujl rz+*78ct: c: b+git:1sn ;qfiit?

  A toaster is rated 800 W at 120 V. Whath45 nskylda8d8i ilf6yq)y: 2 is the resistance of its heating element?i6a y h8k8nldliqf 52): y4syd

  A 200-W resistor is rh 0*db.2r 18rcig5ksd-brbgyb uuuh1o*:0zjated at $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum current it can draw?

  A 200-W resistor is rated e3r8zb 6z-( ptg ozw;aat $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum voltage?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If it is used agu8(ta ta p:j; j.nn3it 120 V, what current does it draw?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If it is used at 120 V, what is its res n /qyods3b.l)istance?

  A 25-W soldering iron run ch -x0kpda(c*x1u-fi t+xhl +s on 110 V. What is its resistance?

  How much does it cost to operate a 25-W soldering ironr.,1ng5v7 2t)ubje q2ggp b lj for 8.0 hours, if energy bv ujt172 nqe)l2b5 ,gr gpgj.costs $0.08/kWh?

  How much energy does a 100-W li8evfg /z rm5f,ght bulb use in 8.0 hours?

  A 1500-W heater is connected to a 120-V line fo ;*k7ykmecsg9gnntcw +.4 vcd,xkh0- r 2.0 hours. How much heat energy is producedg,nwk dgc0tn7+ yk .c4 ;kx*ms9cve-h?

  A battery is rated at 12 V and 160 A-h. How much energy dw-k5c-)t 0de 5xsi gjwmqu2k :oes the battery store?dc-uktwk5:- jw20mx e) q ig5s

  How much energy does a 25-W soldering iro nm:3 ;w vbbw0x+;+sua8 fywqbn use in 8.0 hours?

  A 100-W driveway light bulb is on 10 hours per/ y.-kwmyv spxe 5a-:m day. Assuming the power company charges 10 cents for each kilowatt-hour v eay: w-skpyx5m- m./of electricity used, estimate the annual cost to operate the bulb.

  A 400-W computer (computer plus monitor) is turned t4sps2 n*1l c ualgob/0p*)kj on 8.0 hours per day. If electricity costs 10 cents per kWh, how much does it cost to bn40gaktl)o2j/ u1 s*lcpp* srun the computer annually?

  The monthly (30 days) electric bill included the cost of running a mp+kgn bxb/8 uks+9f- central air-conditioning unsmb/k b+nkup +89-xf git for 2.0 hr/day at 5000 W, and a series connection of ten 60 W light bulbs for 5.0 hr/day. How much did these items contribute to the cost of the monthly electric bill if electricity costs 8.0 cents per kWh?

  The heating element in an electric drier operates on 240 ,oj.ee r/ bv :cqd4dj0V and generates heat at the 4 0r/ .jdoceq :jdevb,rate of 2.1 kW. The heating element shorts out and, in repairing it, the owner shortens the Nichrome wire by 10%. (Assume the temperature is unchanged. In reality, the resistivity of the wire will depend on its temperature.) What effect will the repair have on the power dissipated in the heating element?

  14 A of current flows thrqwnt qf(vc ,u1o8 ,o8rough $8.0 \; \Omega$ resistor for 24 hours. How much does this cost if energy costs $0.09/kWh?

  A 9.0-V battery costs t pat ft(.2eja9 +np7o4b 9gwm$1.49, and will run a portable CD player for 6.0 hours. Suppose the battery supplies a current of 25 mA to the player. What is the cost of energy in dollars per kWh?

  A motor that can do j 0hl.37g bs7qx;hatfwork at the rate of 2.0 hp has 60% efficiency. How much current does it drth0; 7sagh q3 .fxb7jlaw from a 120-V line? ($1 \; hp = 746 \; W$)

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac pm:2grxf z)2lz/k rgq7 ower source. What rms current flows through2/q fk2xmrlg :g) zr7z this device?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power source. Wham 2+ah jbs+sk-t peak current flows bss hm+-a j+2kthrough this device?

  A 500-W device is connected d-i (1pxw +ezzto a 120-V ac power source. What is the peak voltage across pe+xdzwiz 1 (-this device?

  The diameter of a copper wire is 0 l 5s6j1,sbjqr.081 inch. The maximum safe current it can carry (in order to prevent fire danger in building construction) is 20 A. At this current, what is the drift vqj l6,js1 r5sbelocity of the electrons? (The number of electron carriers in one cubic centimeter of copper is $8.5 \times 10^{22}$.)