A device that produces electricity by r t-;ygl/ )bzc8 fk71bz4ws yam) t6+ucrs.sltransforming chemical energy into electrical energy is cctayg;s-rzl s/4+ulm ft)k 1.678) zbrywsbc alled a

  A car battery

  The total amount of charge that passes through a wirei8suxy h;un3k;o i0*s4 c1ex e 6o.rpq's full cross section at any point per unit of time is referred to0rq3 unp68xu c*y4o shiei x1e;. ;sko as

  The direction of convention current is taken to be 3nt *bon*cmgrc:q5,gv f03k3f r;bq cthe direction that

  A coulomb per second2aa1 oxqwmup1owhyd)(4h1z6 pd7 j e3 is the same as

  Car batteries are rated in "amp-hours." This is a measure of thezlixa17pc ( :vir

  The resistance of a wire is define):wo pvaz, yn/d as

  What is $1 \; \Omega$ equivalent to?

  The resistance of a wi+ *e(l4bhtggm re is

  The resistivity of a wire depend a, s(xhe4*xfl87lsk ps on

  Which conducting material has the lowest resistivv(- irrf*9 zpjity value?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twicd/ dg/fb3zs 31jfb9ib8b mj7 he the length of the other. How do the resistivities of these t dd/7ff bbs9ig13bj/8bjm z3h wo wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One ha8)2c. xjr3 y5+zhzmjpq al 9nus twice the length of the other. How do the resispu)qan8j.lrx z+5jmh39ycz 2tances of these two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. d4acosq76 n d)One has twice the cross-sectional area of the other. How do the resistances of 76soq )d a4ncdthese two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wire(yfj8kdv b87vs. One has twice the length and twice the cross-sectional area of the other. How do the resistancvd8(vj8 7 bykfes of these two wires compare?

  The length of a wire is doubled and the radwz zmh53pk 62gu0i(am (l mrw,ius is doubled. By what factor does the r mplz(,6agm25r hw0muk3(wziesistance change?

  How much more resistance does a 1.0 cm diamete 4,sa2q2v kev,s:rxit* x dmru n(:c4zr rod have compared to a 2.0 cm diameterz(rm*darv :kunqs, ts e cxix 4:2,v42 rod of the same length and made of the same material?

  The resistivity of most aj/1w. ub0 hfzr3oqo26rnl- i7eygx8 common metals

  Negative temperature coefficien a+snn.pya 7*rv+h16zfac mn3ts of resistivity

  What is 1 W equivale3a :oyhz umz*(nt to?

  A kilowatt-hour is equivdz.ksb0m pgpi/ +b+q9 alent to

  If the resistance in a constant voltage circuit is doubled, the power y9wnfq:1h tb -dissipated by that cq9nw1h-b f yt:ircuit will

  If the voltage across a circuit of constant resistance is d.u1pu ygz;2: sd5w npfoubled, the power dissipated by that pn:.w1 gyp5 z2suf du;circuit will

  If the resistance in ;1 (xg4rwa),pzrps fg a circuit with constant current flowing is doubled, the power dissipated x,s zg;wg prpf1r4a )(by that circuit will

  If the current flowing t)nbc4 fomd*x fc6j52lhrough a circuit of constant resistance is doubled, the power mn*co b)cjdl5 x 62f4fdissipated by that circuit will

  During a power demand, the voltage output is reduced by 5.0%. B(sp ct 2ucfyblm*// tp lk.s64y what percentage is the power on a resistor abku62c*f//cs4 tpl .ltpsm(yffected?

  A current that is sinusoidal /s(sv.me q6jb with respect to time is referred to as

  Consider two copper wires each carrying a current of 3.0 A. 3lmk pi)c b-wbp /jq27qndcfw+e 81i)One wire has twice the diameter of the other. The ratio of the drift velocity in the smaller d3n1qcbwwldbjii2f-/p km 8c )+p )eq7 iameter wire to that in the larger diameter wire is

  Materials in which the resistivity becomes essentiqnwm. .-n;2r-czb p2b 8o pr8 h3fffwj)u ne)tally zero at very low temperatures are referred to 2-83nmfrtwz-;cnje h f r b)no .wbppf8 u2)q.as

  What current is flowing if 0.67 C o ki;uprsu7jgo0 8x d-ao6 *gl2f charge pass a point in 0.30 s?

  A charge of 12 C passes through an electroplating apparatuv5,nwa7hn 3 ata0 j5 wczz7-gis in 2.0 min. What is the average curwv7-5cz 3a05 7a ,nagnhziwjtrent?

  How much charge must pass by a point s6t n3pvflsu,aiq4 y7bj, m 91in 10 s for the current to be 0.50 A?

  A total of $2.0 \times 10^{13} \; protons$ pass a given point in 15 s. What is the current?

  What current is flowi6ad8 9s zihga; p(gu(1j7 rqxxng if $4.0 \times 10^{16} \; electrons$ pass a point in 0.50 s?

  If $3.0 \times 10^{15} \; electrons$ flow through a section of a wire of diameter 2.0 mm in 4.0 s, what is the current in the wire?

  A coffee maker, which draws 13.5 A of current, o /6 e a8xmhdur8:rdf)hn0i(xhas been left on for 10 min. What is the net number of electronse:d(0)f /x86 8hxoi rum rdhna that have passed through the coffee maker?

  In an electroplating pq x.gk z1d(pv2rocess, it is desired to deposit 40 mg of silver on a metal part by using a current of 2.0 A. How long must the current be allowed to run to deposit this much silver? (The silver ions are singly cha v1p(.kxgd2q zrged, and the atomic weight of silver is 108.)

  What potential difference is reo,keg jz4-m0 l.ywy6 h:fng-zquired to cause 4.00 A to flow through a resistance of 330 Wlmfz n -o0k. j:zw6hegy y4-,g?

  What is the voltage across a 5.0-W rjvzeubd*s7t* f8c .8qulty-. esistor if the current through it is 5.0 A?

  A 4000-W resistor is connected across 220 V. What current will f48jye9lgw-g84l v wts24lqr klow?

  A light bulb operating at 110 V draws 1.40 A of current. What is its resistancewbd k9al33ys3?ws3 933ydbkla

  A 12-V battery is connected to a 100-W resisl/dn0rvm t7e- tor. How many electrons flow through the wire iv7 rm/eln- t0dn
1.0 min?

  What is the resistance of 1.0 m copper wire of diameter 0.45snf::ufhp2 e 0 inch? (The resistivity of c:ep hn5fu 2s:fopper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  What is the resistance of a circular rod 1.0 cm in diameter ankg8: xya(pg 6dd 45 m long, if the rky 6pdg8a(:xg esistivity is $1.4 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$?

  What length of copper wireeud3*f g(i;jj (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) of diameter 0.15 mm is needed for a total resistance of $15 \; \Omega$?

  A 120-m long copper wup3)q5 f7eob cire (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) has resistance $6.0 \; \Omega$. What is the diameter of the wire?

  A 1.5-cm square rod, 4.0 m long, measures 0.0406t,)4 rt/:i a iv-xpq3bt bala ohms. What is its resistivity?

  Calculate the current through a 10.0 qhco. +l a.u .rzeoa uw/3k6e1.jgk0w-m long 22 gauge (the radius is 0.321 mm) nichrome wire if it is connected to a 12.0-V battery. (The resistivity wrk .gqe oae.z0h.ua/jl61ow c +uk3. of nichrome is $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  A heavy bus bar is 20 cm long and of rectanguff2m8q d jp* iqmb nfh78p80d/lar cross-section, 1.0 cm x 2.0 cm. What is the voltage drop along its length when it carries 4000 A? (The resistivityp 8 j dbn2qhfd fmfmi08p/8q*7 of copper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \Omega \cdot m$)

  A 1.0-m length of nichrome wire has a radiu.5 m w*+0xpz jpum hickoe r,yf(5/.chs of 0.50 mm and a resistivity of $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$. If the wire carries a current of 0.50 A, what is the voltage across the wire?

  A 1.0-mm diameter copper wje2z7mgdi+ t:5kd5chmih:t *ire (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) carries a current of 15 A. What is the potential difference between two points 100 m apart?

  A carbon resistor has -t6sveu., 0zl1dplw 8gv 05dpnzrl.r a resistance of $18 \Omega$ at a temperature of $20 ^{\circ}C$. What is its resistance at a temperature of $120 ^{\circ}C$? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for carbon is $-5.0 \times 10^{-4} /^{\circ}C$.)

  The temperature coefficient of resistic(kz5q x/7b2y/j-iw sp ,uspuvity of platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$. If a platinum wire has a resistance of R at room temperature ($23 ^{\circ}C$), to what temperature must it be heated in order to double its resistance to 2R?

  A platinum wire is used to determine the melting poinsr2z3jwlj8,lng r 5p2; w2opw t of indium. The resistance of w 2 rjrlwswzgp8;jnol 2,53p2the platinum wire is $2.000 \; \Omega$ at $20 ^{\circ}C$ and increases to $3.072 \; \Omega$ as indium starts to melt. What is the melting point of indium? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$.)

  5.00 A is flowing through ) ua erhrkl-*,njfu .)an $10.0 \; \Omega$ resistor. How much power is being dissipated?

  A 110-V hair dryer is rated at 12f /x/i++ ixl2ahn(2mdts6 rsp v(6oxf00 W. What current will it draw?

  A 150-W light bulb running on 110 j) ,,u8jd+k zu agop h8a-u7fxV draws how much current?

  What is the nominal resistance of a 100-W ligh / f/ wtg/vqa+y)56 9swmtocwzt bulb designed to be used in a 120-V t6m/9caoy/gswwt/+ z) 5 wfqvcircuit?

  A toaster is rated 800 W at 120isax jf0l-kn1e ,/u.v V. What is the resistance of its heating element.e-a v1jx0 sik lnu,/f?

  A 200-W resistor is rar0r8 ;vbm xz ,xw x.r+2f,cfzlted at $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum current it can draw?

  A 200-W resistor is rated at nk.n 6;gzgb sv1ai5,3n+p tsj g5b x*p$1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum voltage?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If it is used sth, 8q:ed- ipcln3ni/mz2o(at 120 V, what current does it draw?

  A lamp uses a 150-W )yaarf,9;wl)*hf6by 8cg.o u bqqjk2bulb. If it is used at 120 V, what is its resistance?

  A 25-W soldering iron runs on 1e))g0qcnr0ht0,gh;6 rmohj z y6 t /lf10 V. What is its resistance?

  How much does it cost to operate a 25-W soldering iron fopfsz(+ xp f)8hr 8.0 hours, if energy )ppffh8 zs+x(costs $0.08/kWh?

  How much energy does aw:ubnj6(jd 4v 100-W light bulb use in 8.0 hours?

  A 1500-W heater is cob(3zfi9wngx / 8mj,q*r d* bdtnnected to a 120-V line for 2.0 hours. How much heat energy is produ9g/b*di d8 wjb*,nqfxzmt3r(ced?

  A battery is rated at 12 V anouzrdwsha( odxn0z6c+ vk7gq(u +h 2 l+m(23 dd 160 A-h. How much energy does the battery store?0+ o+u3(uvz7 gdw2az(cq(ln ox6d dk rshm+ h2

  How much energy does a 25r4+vs pup iezd6:ag3 (-W soldering iron use in 8.0 hours?

  A 100-W driveway lightsm3);tvx1r v)jox (du bulb is on 10 hours per day. Assuming the power company charges 10 cents for each kilowatt-hour of electricitx3(sd v1 ;ruvtom)j)xy used, estimate the annual cost to operate the bulb.

  A 400-W computer (computer plus monitor) is turnkoq7 1vs vttv ucpn.q9x/(29p ed on 8.0 hours per day. If electricity costs 10 cents per kWh, how much does it cost to run the1.9c/k2 xptnv q oquvt79(svp computer annually?

  The monthly (30 days) electric bill included the cost of running a central a 4a3keli0j. 4njh 6a hl;.falhir-conditeh3.n4ihl0a.lha4lf j;k ja6ioning unit for 2.0 hr/day at 5000 W, and a series connection of ten 60 W light bulbs for 5.0 hr/day. How much did these items contribute to the cost of the monthly electric bill if electricity costs 8.0 cents per kWh?

  The heating element in an electric drier operates on 23wps b3c t1h6g40 V and generates heat at the rate of 2.1 kW. The heating element shorts out and, in repairing it, the owner shortens the Nichrome wire by 10%. (Assume the temperature is unchanged. In reality, the resistivity of the wire will depend on its temperature.) What effect will 3cp6g 3hws1bt the repair have on the power dissipated in the heating element?

  14 A of current flows through qnqbl k62 7;zofg q .-3*syyfz$8.0 \; \Omega$ resistor for 24 hours. How much does this cost if energy costs $0.09/kWh?

  A 9.0-V battery costs lg8 jf z9(d)ue$1.49, and will run a portable CD player for 6.0 hours. Suppose the battery supplies a current of 25 mA to the player. What is the cost of energy in dollars per kWh?

  A motor that can do wo0 6(;rrlrl4 je9wrmb yrk at the rate of 2.0 hp has 60% efficiency. How much curr 6;rewy094mbj rr rl(lent does it draw from a 120-V line? ($1 \; hp = 746 \; W$)

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power source. What rms current 7nvnf par23 ff,qhp1+ flows throuaqrf2+hnp f17f,v p3ngh this device?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power source. What peak curreno 5 4vvpdoshmgssg xwn :hw7,):2f12c t flows through this 2cm 7: gnwh2w,p5: 1)vsof4vxsho dgsdevice?

  A 500-W device is connected to 5 vbuxl5v *eyeq-fa+ 8a 120-V ac power source. What is the peak voltage aevaq*5x y lv8+fe5 bu-cross this device?

  The diameter of a copper wire is 0.081 inch. T)z: j2ekgv;d uhe maximum safe current it can carry (in order to prevent fire danger in building construction) is 20 A. At this current, what is the drift velocity of the electrons? (The number of electron carriers in one cuvd; 2:gje kz)ubic centimeter of copper is $8.5 \times 10^{22}$.)