A device that produces electricity by transforming chemical enef:z4iyp ticx 3rw)p- 8k1(gvk rgy into electrical energy is call8:y)-4tkipwir1c(zgfp x3v k ed a

  A car battery

  The total amount of charge that passes through a wire's 5mcdy.*yxt8zlpy 5fdd 3x2w8 full cross section at any point per unit of tim5mxw35dfd2yyzy d*pc8 xtl.8e is referred to as

  The direction of convention currentniax-+8xzhq 5 zunx aiw-.+8g is taken to be the direction that

  A coulomb per second is the zh-a5 p4 jx.bu4dj4rk same as

  Car batteries are rated in "amp-hours.7ilegz5 w. t gbgak9+xf5w l3*" This is a measure of their

  The resistance of a wire 8 k:9bo sbnt/gis defined as

  What is $1 \; \Omega$ equivalent to?

  The resistance of a wire w:b k1r/dj1 l6q7attgis

  The resistivity of a v(qu q 2 .ecn8t1(e/b6j xbitfwire depends on

  Which conducting material has the lowest re5mr:j8f wltp7-z6d qhx.n l.psistivity value?

  Consider two copper wires. One ls9lo)(sao6u7s-xx g r n()kshas twice the length of the other. How do the resistivities of these )7u9x6r-sso (kln glsoa)( xstwo wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length of the p+r:z-(oi c*wzh vps8other. How do the resistances of these two cw s*prz- i+8(vo p:zhwires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the cross-sectional area of the other.oajd :ge2-n)p How do the resistances of thesep )odj:n2ga -e two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wit7:r0d; b 3gyd 4*ltd fb0achqres. One has twice the length and twice the cross-sectional area of the other. How do the resistances of these two wires compat7;fl:gd*4 tbqh3r0 dyda bc0re?

  The length of a wire is doubl+z n (+xal5zt kf ds5g/0rkmu+ed and the radius is doubled. By what factor does the re5k /+ kmngf(t0 a+zu5+zdsxrlsistance change?

  How much more resistance does a 1.0 cm diameter rod have compared ik0,kw l+w zro7 g)7ygto a 2.0 cm diameter rod of the same lenw+,w0kkl)g igr7zo7 y gth and made of the same material?

  The resistivity of most common me a,+zibljkc c 9.)u.qwk5q5vbtals

  Negative temperature coefficients of resistivin :6alcg4u o8cty

  What is 1 W equivalent tv(s +w3nm1 wsd,7fp tjo?

  A kilowatt-hour is equick*6.w1lx wpqtfro *o b:ij- 0valent to

  If the resistance in a constant voltage circuit is doubled, the power dimhuy* tyjdb:zj9k+ b,-yhp /5ssipated by tmyd y 9,yut*j+:p b- hhzkjb/5hat circuit will

  If the voltage across a circuit of constant resistance is doubled, the hssk;1:xzx p8fqp; )jpower dissipated byz xkfxhs;)s18 :qpp j; that circuit will

  If the resistance in a circuit with constant current flowing is doubled, the potpl 1) s(j+qzg gy*;smwer*t q(l+)sg zgm1jy; sp dissipated by that circuit will

  If the current flowing through a circuit of constant resistance is euyryd f5h:88pv.xst( mt2l 5doubled, the power dissipated by that ci: 5u882spxl( m y ft.yherdtv5rcuit will

  During a power demand, tfz(dr -u) 2esjhe voltage output is reduced by 5.0%. By what percentage is tuf)sj(-e dr2z he power on a resistor affected?

  A current that is sinusoidal with respect-87+gxbp:9chlym rxt b+jz .h to time is referred to as

  Consider two copper wires each carrying a current of 3.0 A. zi,( :qs) (5bf lvtx. ttbsa(t One wire has twice the diameter of the b)f(:i(lsat(tz bs,5vqxt t .other. The ratio of the drift velocity in the smaller diameter wire to that in the larger diameter wire is

  Materials in which the resistivity becomes essentially zero at very lme f1ec 56-m bcxx5 o, ojmrii1g;kq-*ow temperatures;er c- mk1c5xi-fm ibqe6 *m5,g ojo1x are referred to as

  What current is flowing if 0.67 C of cha u bm9c3my 3o(r2r9wak*wp/u brge pass a point in 0.30 s?

  A charge of 12 C passes through an electroplating apparatus in 2.0 min. Whkjgngk2iw0(hp/b ,6 x at is the average cj kipb/,0 hwkggn6 x(2urrent?

  How much charge must pasj. x* uuy2oaa2s by a point in 10 s for the current to be 0.50 A?

  A total of $2.0 \times 10^{13} \; protons$ pass a given point in 15 s. What is the current?

  What current is flowing if4dq9dj gk:u-xob1xh3 d b,u)j5dyq 0c $4.0 \times 10^{16} \; electrons$ pass a point in 0.50 s?

  If $3.0 \times 10^{15} \; electrons$ flow through a section of a wire of diameter 2.0 mm in 4.0 s, what is the current in the wire?

  A coffee maker, which draws 13.5 A of current, has beeba1 v gqeu iahhbm bh*y8c)(*ev t, gb3+5-/lvn left on for 10 min. What is the net number vulhh bmb a5cbh-1,i g*)8t/e a y*qvve3(+ bgof electrons that have passed through the coffee maker?

  In an electroplating process, it is de ,y+.bhjiml8vj* r8 6rsgbagiq1 ow 3(sired to deposit 40 mg of silver on a metal part by using a current of 2.0 A.i1 (.shi mjgl q6,oa*y8+8jvr rbgbw3 How long must the current be allowed to run to deposit this much silver? (The silver ions are singly charged, and the atomic weight of silver is 108.)

  What potential difference is required to causls0i: 1vaa:uobh)j: a e 4.00 A to flow through a resistancejvo1a b:)h l:aus0 i:a of 330 W?

  What is the voltage across a 5.0-W resistormu(9avb8w/v fxga. /h if the current through it is 5.0 A?

  A 4000-W resistor is conneck9q4f3h qusb7yrw6y92 zu(ncbtr; 9x 9 g3mhzted across 220 V. What current will flow?

  A light bulb operating at 110 V drah2n e8 5 :hz9+iy3sskoak8plhws 1.40 A of current. What is its resistance?hl 32si9oaepyks+k5 hz 8h 8n:

  A 12-V battery is connected to a 100-W resistor. How mzwe2a b,tll/*any electrons flow througelwb,* a/ l2zth the wire in
1.0 min?

  What is the resistance of 1.0 m copper wire of diameter 0.40 vsy m/cf ;o rtn6lgz08(q6;zoinch? (The resistivit8t0z;6f 6 ( rl;mocs/vnzoq ygy of copper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  What is the resistance of a circular romtemiimb0. fpb83r7ia7gl4* n7w; xd d 1.0 cm in diameter and 45 m long, if the resi4073bmmp7i 7daf ri* nb.x 8 weit;lgmstivity is $1.4 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$?

  What length of copper w.vc wx 9wm( rs/jk4g+aire (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) of diameter 0.15 mm is needed for a total resistance of $15 \; \Omega$?

  A 120-m long copper wire (r:da -+8c9e pt6jvhiws esistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) has resistance $6.0 \; \Omega$. What is the diameter of the wire?

  A 1.5-cm square rod, 4.0 m lon48xhi+w(d dh yg, measures 0.040 ohms. What is its resistivity?

  Calculate the current through a 10.0-m long 22 gauge 2( .n7lo62q hgc)ft j6 a52 kdidpsnvo(the radius is 0.321 mm) nichrome wire if it is connected to a 127 gnq lp)ft j.6ad s2ov2do62h(c5nki.0-V battery. (The resistivity of nichrome is $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  A heavy bus bar is 20 cm long and of re7sdg)g(g/wm(mp inik.1shc rzw2 ;z/ ctangular cross-section, 1.0 cm x 2.0 cm. What is the voltage drop along its length whe;7/r 2cw hg(. ggknm)wm1(dii/p zzssn it carries 4000 A? (The resistivity of copper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \Omega \cdot m$)

  A 1.0-m length of nichrome wire has a radius of 0.50 mm and a resistivi2t el /cz0x(t.r zmv) )lat)oity of $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$. If the wire carries a current of 0.50 A, what is the voltage across the wire?

  A 1.0-mm diameter copper wgtbas*ql/71*7 uiiyk ire (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) carries a current of 15 A. What is the potential difference between two points 100 m apart?

  A carbon resistor has a resisqzxs35ts nugq o 1*n7bbja ;22tance of $18 \Omega$ at a temperature of $20 ^{\circ}C$. What is its resistance at a temperature of $120 ^{\circ}C$? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for carbon is $-5.0 \times 10^{-4} /^{\circ}C$.)

  The temperature coefficif yislad1qkc4 )k45 b(ent of resistivity of platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$. If a platinum wire has a resistance of R at room temperature ($23 ^{\circ}C$), to what temperature must it be heated in order to double its resistance to 2R?

  A platinum wire is used to d /wa*eq.c:sue k c/aodsgg.52 etermine the melting point of indium. The resistance of the platinum .*wgssug qa:.da/kc5/ec 2eo wire is $2.000 \; \Omega$ at $20 ^{\circ}C$ and increases to $3.072 \; \Omega$ as indium starts to melt. What is the melting point of indium? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$.)

  5.00 A is flowing througl.x * lpjeb/bnzq*0 -vh an $10.0 \; \Omega$ resistor. How much power is being dissipated?

  A 110-V hair dryer is rated at 1200 W. What current will it drzdsc5 ;qyd d*(aw?

  A 150-W light bulb running on 110 V draws how much cu u,o86.kptdo:0, u k9ge fwtoyb uay,0a ;)efkrrent?

  What is the nominal resistance of a 100-W light bulb-n-ej; .sw jsh designed to be used in a 12-js hswe;-j n.0-V circuit?

  A toaster is rated 800 W at 1t kkd-y-5k: sagqo7w- 20 V. What is the resistance of its heating element?gay-5dq kk-w:- sok7 t

  A 200-W resistor is rated at rm7 )0.w*vtpnomqzjx pi 7 1:w$1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum current it can draw?

  A 200-W resistor is rated at 1i .ml ccw5:9mjaf gmh-5.cs j/hj l(o$1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum voltage?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb.q1h37 e8r5xqcm9/pukg (ww- 4y rxcmn If it is used at 120 V, what current does it draw?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If it is used at 120 qoteyy2-8wv txqk;(*V, what is its resistance?

  A 25-W soldering iron runs onkoj:arw,yh /6 110 V. What is its resistance?

  How much does it cost to operate a 25-W ltgdp41 j.ls), xpho0 ixg1w 2soldering iron for 8.0 hours, if energy gh,g4 soj.pl 0x 11w) dilx2ptcosts $0.08/kWh?

  How much energy does a 100-W light bulb use in 8.0 h3a w49b rzeoluxp5e,)ours?

  A 1500-W heater is connected to a 120-V line for wlht8:g/gju: 2.0 hours. How much heat energy is pro/: gwlt:hju g8duced?

  A battery is rated at 12 V and 160 A-h. How much energy does the batterue(yhz 5l)*ncomv- 4j h yitx+d.s,1oy store?o( yl. dx j 1mtoc4vy+,h5*zhs-n )iue

  How much energy does a 25-W soldering iron -j3h wgiyf0g5 use in 8.0 hours?

  A 100-W driveway light bulb is on 10 hours per day. Assuming the power company lswf ;di.az) p7kul n(.,lta4g ).xeccharges 10 cents for each kilowatt-hour of electricity used, estimate the annual tlwn .7x ).ef);s4c i(ak laz dlup.g,cost to operate the bulb.

  A 400-W computer (computer plus monitor) is turned on 8.0 hours per za.hj (1wv- cmday. If electricity costs 10 cents per kWh, how a.jw( mhz-c v1much does it cost to run the computer annually?

  The monthly (30 days) electric bill included the cost of running a centraljtop582q8tuvgdd q/.4;e fh d air-conditioning unit for 2.0 hr/day at 5000 W, and a series qp/ddgj veho4qdf2utt5;8 .8 connection of ten 60 W light bulbs for 5.0 hr/day. How much did these items contribute to the cost of the monthly electric bill if electricity costs 8.0 cents per kWh?

  The heating element in an electric drier operates on 240 V and gios+o7/79 eud aphn1wenerates heat at the rate of 2.1 kW. The heating element shorts out and, in repairing it, the owner shortens the Nichrome wire by 10%. (Assume the temperature is unchanged. In reality, the resistivity of the wire will depend on its temperature.) What effect will the repair have on the power dissipated in the heating e9dhno+ ouip7aws /e 71lement?

  14 A of current flows thro7twu;- r kwo;9cy5u rmugh $8.0 \; \Omega$ resistor for 24 hours. How much does this cost if energy costs $0.09/kWh?

  A 9.0-V battery costs yz15s;ltovyje3:3gc $1.49, and will run a portable CD player for 6.0 hours. Suppose the battery supplies a current of 25 mA to the player. What is the cost of energy in dollars per kWh?

  A motor that can do work at thes(vdka+2n nyq i 8hl61ol.m*a rate of 2.0 hp has 60% efficiency. How much current does it draw from a 120-V lns8*1+qnov . 6(aym dlk2lihaine? ($1 \; hp = 746 \; W$)

  A 500-W device is connected1f l r o , (:6i-ifo5lypq-wqvmz 3:c4)tkttdj to a 120-V ac power source. What rms current flows through this devicez3l w4(i v)jt-l15pkc-oqqt6mtr :y:,idfo f?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 13a88x9twaq- d rn 2 buzeja(e720-V ac power source. What peak current flows through( buj9wea-x3de r8 azta2q87n this device?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power source64dqc9t;ic ; ;liz*wlftgyp q9oo9 .u. What is the peak voltagd l fqwclo*;qtt9gi zcp;9 9io;46y.ue across this device?

  The diameter of a copper wire is 0.081 h2: 6dfn)ykeovgp) p+ inch. The maximum safe current it can carry (in order to prevent fin:)o)fp2eyh p6 vg+dkre danger in building construction) is 20 A. At this current, what is the drift velocity of the electrons? (The number of electron carriers in one cubic centimeter of copper is $8.5 \times 10^{22}$.)