A device that produces electricity by transforming chemical energy uv +2jit m2s r fn70geg(rgr(0into electrical energy is calleds vetn mf0(gg2r 72ji0gr+(ur a

  A car battery

  The total amount of charge that passes through a wire's full cross section at ai+ nx7cv*j 12mu0d, f: 6ol4zsyj zfzqny point per unitc61 y0xliz *dszf,mn 7z :vj4uqj+o2f of time is referred to as

  The direction of convention current is takenf5m*4e ju4 jgr to be the direction that

  A coulomb per second isj9 b p(q (hpgsj )9/-pxi9epez the same as

  Car batteries are rated in "amp-hours." This i.4qa ydxt196ktt rula*s/lh/9 k0k i,v0lxpjs a measure of their

  The resistance of a wire ok8.v*uku/nju. y 3tm is defined as

  What is $1 \; \Omega$ equivalent to?

  The resistance of a wire wfq47do,y+g t)(e uoiei m5+kis

  The resistivity of a wire depends on24 u9e(qfjp ld

  Which conducting materias7s ,f6nyy xj0:yqxn1 l has the lowest resistivity value?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice th1,dhoqo2: lobe length of the other. How do the resistivities of these two 2,: qh1boold owires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. On -ei0hu90o0c fa b452 jeldmdge has twice the length of the other. How do the resistancda4 ie0f du-9o20jehc5m bg 0les of these two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has t i k:5*a*si5nt7ewxd4m6gdj nv sf5-kwice the cross-sectional area of the other. How do the resistances of these two wires co* :s*4dk5je -fxkgwv sdi5t7m ian5 n6mpare?

  Consider two copper wi0i )tk)xh6tz ooju)4bres. One has twice the length and twice the cross-sectional area of the other. How do the resistazj)4o xt ))0bh tiok6unces of these two wires compare?

  The length of a wire is gki c5/l9hi -jdoubled and the radius is doubled. By what factor does the resistance change?l/g-5jch9k ii

  How much more resistance does a 1.x 1opdu* re/zt 3hu(o.0 cm diameter rod have compared to a 2.0 cm diameter rod of the same length and made of u1t.*z(exop3d/u roh the same material?

  The resistivity of most l;iph /nl+*) xlny*oq; jy1fgcommon metals

  Negative temperature coefficients of resis x*jk -cpzu8z6) mhy.ptivity

  What is 1 W equivalent tov - zf;itst0oqij6n8 e -dcy8o43t3rh?

  A kilowatt-hour is equip.kkdc: +. h14l ag 85bsspadcvalent to

  If the resistance in a constant voltage circeth-1 9zk/bu;:shw:e :z oy(ii )anihuit is doubled, the power dissipated by that circu:y )ia1e;z:zhko hin(b i tu-9s :/hweit will

  If the voltage across a circuit of constant resistance isqdjt -u1+dd7b doubled, the power dissipatb- +t7dj 1uddqed by that circuit will

  If the resistance in a circuit with constant current flowing is doubled, the.)ep2za zl jjgn)f1 t6 power dissipated bezf2njzgp ))1ajl. t6y that circuit will

  If the current flowing through a circuit of constant resistance is doubled,jzur, ydc(nk*ot(n6fe+y/ 8xc 5w+lj the power dissipated by that circuit wil* y ,fre (+o5cz+6 njcukdy/tw (xn8ljl

  During a power demand, the voltage output is reduced by 5.0%. By what percvr-t)+ hyrf uzo05 w-ventage is the power on a resi ry-uvrw+0 ovtfzh- 5)stor affected?

  A current that is sinusoidal with respect egal2j5o17fg2w z 35rfmg- q lto time is referred to as

  Consider two copper wires each car.n-w lp* ku;:yssy8djrying a current of 3.0 A. One wire has twice the diameter of the other. The ratio of the drift velocity in the smaller diameter wire to that in the largeyd-wn.; s yjk8u*ps :lr diameter wire is

  Materials in which the resistivity becomes essentially zero at very low temperal mo -()9gsjgstures are s 9o-mgs) (lgjreferred to as

  What current is flowing if m4/2*i vmkeyl0.67 C of charge pass a point in 0.30 s?

  A charge of 12 C passes through an electroplating apparatus in 2.0 min. What zg y2;vkmr4ru-ab fv 5m/j7:s is the average current?/b2fs4 m;avz5-:mrky grj uv7

  How much charge must pass by a p5dnckzudq4k.1 / xo,-snr o f,oint in 10 s for the current to be 0.50 A?

  A total of $2.0 \times 10^{13} \; protons$ pass a given point in 15 s. What is the current?

  What current is flowin/o,w5o2 upyc fg if $4.0 \times 10^{16} \; electrons$ pass a point in 0.50 s?

  If $3.0 \times 10^{15} \; electrons$ flow through a section of a wire of diameter 2.0 mm in 4.0 s, what is the current in the wire?

  A coffee maker, which draws 13.5 A of current,tqq0 10pk6smk has been left on for 10 min. What is the net number of electrons that have passed through the 1k6t0qmkpqs0 coffee maker?

  In an electroplating process, it is desired to deimo ;: sw+ i61lw6h fhg6zpah-posit 40 mg of silver on a metal part by using a current of 2.0 A. How long must the current be allowed to run to deposit this much silver? (The silver ions are sin+w lza g6oiw6fhh-i:hp;1 s 6mgly charged, and the atomic weight of silver is 108.)

  What potential differenc zja5 y/::bepyyz qn;kv9g( 0de is required to cause 4.00 A to flow through a resistancejq:zkn(e0/;5v yzbpg9ad: yy of 330 W?

  What is the voltage acrosp2u c /.fz fd)ar6*lbqs a 5.0-W resistor if the current through it is 5.0 A?

  A 4000-W resistor is connected across 220 V. What current will fl8p; nv .9 sg-/q(dubr/lacu5di aj2xkx fxw:)ow?

  A light bulb operating at 110 V draws 1.40 A of current. Wnzg+wnf;i0 ,uzz*5on-yi lh1 hat is its resistance?zf ;izy1*,0ni l o+zn-gunwh5

  A 12-V battery is connected to a 100-W rsmdo )sn1nc69 esistor. How many electrons flow through the wire inods6 csm )nn19
1.0 min?

  What is the resistance of 1.0 m kv,dl /;y(cftcopper wire of diameter 0.40 inch? (The resistivi fcl,v(;y kdt/ty of copper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  What is the resistance of a circular rod 1.0 cm+p cwmw92q+e a in diameter and 45 m long, if the resistia2++ wqwm pec9vity is $1.4 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$?

  What length of copper wire (reser s:n7y7ys: /s ;vsoiistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) of diameter 0.15 mm is needed for a total resistance of $15 \; \Omega$?

  A 120-m long copper wire (resistivo u)iu cixpw38n0*9* z lsgq,kity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) has resistance $6.0 \; \Omega$. What is the diameter of the wire?

  A 1.5-cm square rod, 4.0 m long, measures 0.040 ohms. What is its resistivity?np7 98xb- ps b(hmk:pp

  Calculate the current through a 10.0-m long..c c: tfn3 3wkxf(r k+g8mdrs 22 gauge (the radius is 0.321 mm) nichrome wire if it is connectcf+r8c kr g. (f.mxws dk3:nt3ed to a 12.0-V battery. (The resistivity of nichrome is $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  A heavy bus bar is 20 cm long and of rectangular cross-section, 1.0 cm x 2.0 cmel n/x abct( c;h24fu9. What is hcuna xt lbc2/f 94e(;the voltage drop along its length when it carries 4000 A? (The resistivity of copper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \Omega \cdot m$)

  A 1.0-m length of nichrome wire has a radiuuuu,wnkvjx:hj ,;.m1bm p5 e hsw9l/)s of 0.50 mm and a resistivity of $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$. If the wire carries a current of 0.50 A, what is the voltage across the wire?

  A 1.0-mm diameter copper wir/jdhz 3 )qf *ts6o2yqxe (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) carries a current of 15 A. What is the potential difference between two points 100 m apart?

  A carbon resistor has a resistan igep4gz/b(yk;-6 5xqopk 1jx ce of $18 \Omega$ at a temperature of $20 ^{\circ}C$. What is its resistance at a temperature of $120 ^{\circ}C$? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for carbon is $-5.0 \times 10^{-4} /^{\circ}C$.)

  The temperature coefficient of resistivv ua6s k6/n/xj8qoc8a ity of platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$. If a platinum wire has a resistance of R at room temperature ($23 ^{\circ}C$), to what temperature must it be heated in order to double its resistance to 2R?

  A platinum wire is used to determine the melting point of indium. fl6atjs c;./z The resistance of thl; 6/tc.jazf se platinum wire is $2.000 \; \Omega$ at $20 ^{\circ}C$ and increases to $3.072 \; \Omega$ as indium starts to melt. What is the melting point of indium? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$.)

  5.00 A is flowing throug/jyquu 3(hk)ldk .ts f(c/vg3 mfx2t:h an $10.0 \; \Omega$ resistor. How much power is being dissipated?

  A 110-V hair dryer is r8aic-a*:.wtdd 7a orcated at 1200 W. What current will it draw?

  A 150-W light bulb running on 110 V draws how mucz/kwm zhuvnes4i42e ps 5l,: ,h current?

  What is the nominal resistance o jp*ngk1j4hp +f a 100-W light bulb designed to be used in a 120n4j*kpp+j1 hg-V circuit?

  A toaster is rated 800 W at 120 V. What is the resistance of its heating elemuqmfxq78cn1c *pw ;if h5b;2o ent x* cun2i;oq7fbwmqfc;1h8p5 ?

  A 200-W resistor is ratv+ c)uo9 1vz*nfmxk3qo74 e kted at $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum current it can draw?

  A 200-W resistor is rated a5 7e0 e2xsaaes;5tqxjy mlaqajr7 za0-,o .u3t $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum voltage?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If it is used at 120 V,o kf2 mwilq130 what current does it draw?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If it is used at 1oln*c3sesm / (20 V, what is its resistance?

  A 25-W soldering iron runs on 110 V. What is its res mr5b3s5 wq fdn9 95dt*pfrccytzn(3;istance?

  How much does it cost tol b1i 66peie1a 1axs6n operate a 25-W soldering iron for 8.0 hours, if energy p1ei66eb1 sni1lxa6a costs $0.08/kWh?

  How much energy does a 100-W light bx*ayaw 9wm 7ktb2n qw v*wj0:gs -w/l9ulb use in 8.0 hours?

  A 1500-W heater is connected to a 120-V line for4bg 5xfb xo:y5 2.0 hours. How much heat energ4x5b: bg xofy5y is produced?

  A battery is rated at 12 V and 160 A-h. How much energy does thjmxl4 16 8hhyie battery store?hi4y1j 6mx8h l

  How much energy does a 25-W solderyv*o c2dl(jy+z1m fu;ing iron use in 8.0 hours?

  A 100-W driveway light bulb is on 10 d8t4i ak eb ji6604t iqip2a7shours per day. Assuming the power company charges 10 cents for each kilowatt-hour of electricity used, estimate 2s ip4ta86bi7qa0 k 4t ijid6ethe annual cost to operate the bulb.

  A 400-W computer (computer plus monitor) is turned on 8.0 hoursz24dme+ w d +1mieti5x per day. If electrici x+ezmme21it5 dw 4id+ty costs 10 cents per kWh, how much does it cost to run the computer annually?

  The monthly (30 days) electric bill includ).l, i3 jdeue;hujr*n;+qa s eed the cost of running a central air-conditioning unit for 2.0 hr/day at 5000 W, and a series connection of ten 60 W light bulbs for 5.0 hree,e).*+3;ujqasu jr n;dhil/day. How much did these items contribute to the cost of the monthly electric bill if electricity costs 8.0 cents per kWh?

  The heating element in an electric 6b k*;k7 edwwpdrier operates on 240 V and generates heat at the rate of 2.1 kW. The heating element shorts out and, in repairing it, the owner; kwb *d7kpe6w shortens the Nichrome wire by 10%. (Assume the temperature is unchanged. In reality, the resistivity of the wire will depend on its temperature.) What effect will the repair have on the power dissipated in the heating element?

  14 A of current flow/7ne gi. .i+mgzi/xbms through $8.0 \; \Omega$ resistor for 24 hours. How much does this cost if energy costs $0.09/kWh?

  A 9.0-V battery costb,jd hbm/0 gg799oc ijaz*y1xs $1.49, and will run a portable CD player for 6.0 hours. Suppose the battery supplies a current of 25 mA to the player. What is the cost of energy in dollars per kWh?

  A motor that can do w2 f d5g85u gr09cwgyljork at the rate of 2.0 hp has 60% efficiency. How much currenuj28ggw l5gdfyc r0 59t does it draw from a 120-V line? ($1 \; hp = 746 \; W$)

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power source. What rms current fywog xg*s/ii.b+88z h lows throug*/i8bgs. gih+oxz8wyh this device?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power ( x,zkfxw hu.)source. What peak current flows through this uxkw(x fh. ,)zdevice?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power source. d+c .bvo) ywj8What is the peak voltage acrosw vod.8 bjc+y)s this device?

  The diameter of a copper wire is 0.081 inch. gnln4 cfxl(jr)2m0 ;ju a9:ab The maximum safe current it can carry (in order to prevent fire danger in bui4a90 :;2mjnnbraj g()l clxfu lding construction) is 20 A. At this current, what is the drift velocity of the electrons? (The number of electron carriers in one cubic centimeter of copper is $8.5 \times 10^{22}$.)