A device that produces electricity by transforming chemical energy into ele rrc3dgznes)jb /*9-x.efb f) ctrical energy is calledjr gbbx*93)sc-.nz /)edr ffe a

  A car battery

  The total amount of charge that passes thbnd by0+nm -9dzn4 ll 9cnm)d8rough a wire's full cross section at any point per unit of time d) n8d904ln m+c-nbdznyb9mlis referred to as

  The direction of con89ave+pt(( hom : t/s;mnz 5vpbmax)pvention current is taken to be the direction that

  A coulomb per second is 2jx(j1f tjo )h2wnh8 7aa3bkv the same as

  Car batteries are rated in "amp-hours.":pr )4qjcpj) i4h b1g/ 2pprufsnr/7g This is a measure of their

  The resistance of a wire is defined as qrbry,9f1 qqzstyb32r;) 7j u

  What is $1\mathrm{\Omega }$ equivalent to?

  The resistance of a w 5acr2w o2o+tkire is

  The resistivity of a wire depends )f fq .q3 0vuqei. r3q4bfjz3bon

  Which conducting materiatez -qgu -,;dpl has the lowest resistivity value?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the 4ofm)x: 4 :zpn*+ihl xf9fscrlength of the other. How do the resistivities of thol:*ix+f4 cf:mp 4f rxnz)hs9ese two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the 3 :bmxs)fe9jvb0vw+w2mues -length of the other. How do the resistances of these two wires compa2xb f3wv9m ):b vs+su-mjw 0eere?

  Consider two copper wires. One has the s3t oiq-iw/+) fh1twice the cross-sectional area of the other. +ih o sq-3eftwth)/i 1How do the resistances of these two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the lenf:h 4*cynw 5( yrbmcbef;7,b ugth and twice the cross-sectional area of the other. 5:7,bf4c*byrhcyfeumb( w n; How do the resistances of these two wires compare?

  The length of a wire is doubled and the radius is doublb rlq.n0.vv:sw0:rii ed. By what factor does the resistan0 qr .vl.:siibv:n0r wce change?

  How much more resistance does a 1 peqc6q/9kkkeq8k .(x.0 cm diameter rod have compared to a 2.0 cm diameter rod of the same length and made of the same matericeq/k q(k8k q9 .p6kexal?

  The resistivity of most commo9.3cve m/hosi*t. tell3 5ar e8rd6rln metals

  Negative temperature coefficientbzr1j.p1hht4tn;e9 z s of resistivity

  What is 1 W equivalent tood 5 mm3 w ;uy)6pbpxkyww05;d?

  A kilowatt-hour is equivala pi,e4klsykm513i y2ent to

  If the resistance in a constant voltage circui:k)re,-f lvnd t is doubled, the power dissipated by that cid lr- :)kvfe,nrcuit will

  If the voltage across a circuit of constant resist)q/; )(aiv zj*bvlse xf57 2xgt)cwzi ance is doubled, the power dissipated/f )2bilz)si c) g7 e(axzvj t*v5wqx; by that circuit will

  If the resistance in a /vn d)6j a7ds0)4re3d m ,ffksomfz81 qlna:tcircuit with constant current flowing is doubled, the power dissipated by f3z 0mjdfv 4n76rad1 s:)nedo /fma8,s)ql tk that circuit will

  If the current flowing through a circuit of constac7f ivjv xdw34 /dxm+1nt resistance is doubled, the power dissipated by /c1 dd4fv vj+7im3wxxthat circuit will

  During a power demand, the nau i*+:)pdi :r q7c 9jtm7g; h0riaaivoltage output is reduced by 5.0%. By what percentage ph*igi rm+j raidi:q9 :aat u);0n7c7is the power on a resistor affected?

  A current that is sik:r* ;bnq n mahpc:b 6h*h.da7nusoidal with respect to time is referred to as

  Consider two copper wires each carrying a currejy /t41 f0+xz ehkowd6nt of 3.0 A. One wire has twice the diameter of the other. The ratio of the drift velocity in the smaller diameter wire to that in the larger dhot 0+1zjwkd4 y6f/e xiameter wire is

  Materials in which the resistivity becomes essentially zeuf nw9iwge 11-ro at very low temperatures are referred to aeif9w 1-wn1g us

  What current is flowing ifff0ek*g ;vb )xas1mq9 0.67 C of charge pass a point in 0.30 s?

  A charge of 12 C passes through an electroplating aplzvg-y83ka yz)e)n8 ,zoy)s nparatus in 2.0 min. What is the average currey3y)zkno8z)an eg sv8z -,y)l nt?

  How much charge must pass by a point in 10 ba; )3f 6maq::n3 xind+wuppa s for the current to be 0.50 A?

  A total of $2.0\times {10}^{13}protons$ pass a given point in 15 s. What is the current?

  What current is flowing ifg/ ju /t2x3 5wdex(bnt $4.0\times {10}^{16}electrons$ pass a point in 0.50 s?

  If $3.0\times {10}^{15}electrons$ flow through a section of a wire of diameter 2.0 mm in 4.0 s, what is the current in the wire?

  A coffee maker, which draws 13.5 A of current, has been le k2 .ti)sqiz5tlm+l,sft on for 10 min. What is the net numb2)m sl 5iq ,lz.+ittkser of electrons that have passed through the coffee maker?

  In an electroplating process, it is desired to deposit n9 /snt;l3wgibk* yz wy4- kd4+g e0qr40 mg of silver on a metal part by using a current of 2.0 A. How long must the current be allowed to run to deposit this much silver? (The silver ions are singly charged, and the atgnwwy k lynsg9 +- d k4rqz0ie;/3b*4tomic weight of silver is 108.)

  What potential difference is required to cause 4.00 A to flownnx )y/onta/hg6 1l- b through a resistancet- lyn n xbgo/6/h)an1 of 330 W?

  What is the voltage across a 5.0-W resistor if the6htx wnnxp4t2t: d )z2 current through it is 5.0 A?

  A 4000-W resistor is connected across 220 V. What current will flo:cwq8gqtve 4-w?

  A light bulb operating at 110 V draws 1.40 A of current. What is imu,w3q tt7hlff5( yk8ts resistance( y38f kqtf,7 lhmwtu5?

  A 12-V battery is connec/wbzw q4qqtbc2ug( o1c)x a/)w t(r9vted to a 100-W resistor. How many electrons flow throug2r)tz/gq 1cqbu vqw 9o) b(wacw4(/xth the wire in
1.0 min?

  What is the resistance obdik+vjm-.c 4 f 1.0 m copper wire of diameter 0.40 inch? (The resistiv-c 4id+.k bvjmity of copper is $1.68\times {10}^{-8}\mathrm{\Omega }\cdot m$.)

  What is the resistance of a circular rod 1.0 cm in diameter and 45 gp1kj50p n o/ 9za3;ddh cw-lbm long, if the resistiv l wj5kc-/ o;3d h90apgnp1zbdity is $1.4\times {10}^{-8}\mathrm{\Omega }\cdot m$?

  What length of copper wire (resugj136 es: j:up jaxf;v j9-jeistivity $1.68\times {10}^{-8}\mathrm{\Omega }\cdot m$) of diameter 0.15 mm is needed for a total resistance of $15\mathrm{\Omega }$?

  A 120-m long copper wire (resisqtxg0laue 0bs+ gc69pfz)ah.;2 q 4nltivity $1.68\times {10}^{-8}\mathrm{\Omega }\cdot m$) has resistance $6.0\mathrm{\Omega }$. What is the diameter of the wire?

  A 1.5-cm square rod, 4.0 m long, j 7-i-znve9nkm0ce5cn u. td.measures 0.040 ohms. What is its resistivity?

  Calculate the current through a 10.0-m long 22 gauge (the radx q7.gj.fk 4 hxl25ztjius is 0.321 mm) nichrome wire if it is connected to a 12.0-V battery. (The r t.fx kgqh.zl4275jxjesistivity of nichrome is $100\times {10}^{-8}\mathrm{\Omega }\cdot m$.)

  A heavy bus bar is 20 cm long and of rectangular cross-section, 1.0 cm x 2.0 czt/oqitm1hxh: h0f76 m. What is the voltage drop alongo6:t hh7ix0 m1/qzthf its length when it carries 4000 A? (The resistivity of copper is $1.68\times {10}^{-8}\mathrm{\Omega }\cdot m$)

  A 1.0-m length of nichrome wire has a radius of 0.rh )dcy, p95gnm3;mku, i j0gu50 mm and a resistivity of $100\times {10}^{-8}\mathrm{\Omega }\cdot m$. If the wire carries a current of 0.50 A, what is the voltage across the wire?

  A 1.0-mm diameter coppertmubv 8p63vm;) *gdvnzj shd-a m:gmf,a:/7g wire (resistivity $1.68\times {10}^{-8}\mathrm{\Omega }\cdot m$) carries a current of 15 A. What is the potential difference between two points 100 m apart?

  A carbon resistor has a v* ( wym1in;nxresistance of $18\mathrm{\Omega }$ at a temperature of ${20}^{\circ }C$. What is its resistance at a temperature of ${120}^{\circ }C$? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for carbon is $-5.0\times {10}^{-4}{/}^{\circ }C$.)

  The temperature coefficient of resistivi- ymevsim km*- r.u 2d 316zuy, n6ylibs3s)ajty of platinum is $3.9\times {10}^{-3}{/}^{\circ }C$. If a platinum wire has a resistance of R at room temperature (${23}^{\circ }C$), to what temperature must it be heated in order to double its resistance to 2R?

  A platinum wire is used to determine the melt i qx1,y3smmfm 96cu4bing point of indium. The resistance c4,3ymusbxf9i mq m16of the platinum wire is $2.000\mathrm{\Omega }$ at ${20}^{\circ }C$ and increases to $3.072\mathrm{\Omega }$ as indium starts to melt. What is the melting point of indium? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for platinum is $3.9\times {10}^{-3}{/}^{\circ }C$.)

  5.00 A is flowing through an wt dzs,xoma)a0nm4;ywg;55) ap yd r4 $10.0\mathrm{\Omega }$ resistor. How much power is being dissipated?

  A 110-V hair dryer is rated at 1200 W. What current w(o/ : +lb8ur g(q2hwxjdlyth-ill it draw?

  A 150-W light bulb runningx0x 1s dz:arv7:nd9vs on 110 V draws how much current?

  What is the nominal resistance of a 100-W light bulb designed to be ebvrg a uf;om,1692d fused in a 120-V circuit?a96d1f ;u,2 bgmrevof

  A toaster is rated 800 W at 120 V. What is the resis + fb+ot*q12gvy+cqaqtance of its heating elementtbf+qy+ovqc* +qg1 a2 ?

  A 200-W resistor is rated at 2b wrbb;.e6 p1 z4iyna$1/4\mathrm{\Omega }$. What is the maximum current it can draw?

  A 200-W resistor is rav)tii;p0zwc8 5q xb+ z.+vq vrted at $1/4\mathrm{\Omega }$. What is the maximum voltage?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. Ifj 8 mortvk5,0y0dj+ cf-qr9 ip it is used at 120 V, what current does it draw?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If it is 5(x mt tbl,c iqes ( f;s/anbt4v(2e/cused at 120 V, what is its resistance?

  A 25-W soldering iron runs on 116v3a qh9nkz2l 0 V. What is its resistance?

  How much does it cost to operate a 25-W soldering iron for 8.0 hours, if zk9nr . cir,0cenergy cos r0zcc, ni9r.kts $0.08/kWh?

  How much energy does a 100-W lb7:(l 0z 0ayva3 dxcilight bulb use in 8.0 hours?

  A 1500-W heater is connected to a 120-V line for 2.0 hours. How much heat enep rd*/) m7jztm-bg1xargy is pz g7ar1t/xmp-)b *djmroduced?

  A battery is rated at 12 V and 160 A-h. How much energy does the battery stor) f/s(n. avg2p-lx 7t-wu1:bowbjji je?)( 1 bni:/j2p-w aob. 7fxjwjtlvs g-u

  How much energy does a 25-W solder d5nj*ctgm;28qf /+j qa.ytgring iron use in 8.0 hours?

  A 100-W driveway light bulb is on 1bz;-iwf/+a. f; y/m ye4vi-xzc;xq ee 0 hours per day. Assuming the power company charges 10 cents for each kilowatt-hour of electricity used, estimate the annual cost t axf;4-eq;wveyyz.+/ -icx;f iz/bmeo operate the bulb.

  A 400-W computer (computer plus monitor) is turned ory.tike ai ,aoa5v) ;3s- w4cvn 8.0 hours per day. If electricity costs 10 cents per kWh, how much does it cost v ky3a-e i.)v i5roa at4s,;cwto run the computer annually?

  The monthly (30 days) electric bill included the cost of running a cent auvsgw4z.16 xral air-conditioning unit for 2.0 hr/day at 5000 W, and a series connection of ten 60 W light bulbs for 5.0 hr/day. How much did these items contribute to the cost of the monthly electric bill if electrivwa6.4g 1zx uscity costs 8.0 cents per kWh?

  The heating element in an electric drier operates on 240 V and gend2a7;sfot 5/ zc-il igerates heat at the rate of 2.1 kW. The he-o/szdft 2ica5i;l 7g ating element shorts out and, in repairing it, the owner shortens the Nichrome wire by 10%. (Assume the temperature is unchanged. In reality, the resistivity of the wire will depend on its temperature.) What effect will the repair have on the power dissipated in the heating element?

  14 A of current flowjf4y((+gkim; no :llts through $8.0\mathrm{\Omega }$ resistor for 24 hours. How much does this cost if energy costs $0.09/kWh?

  A 9.0-V battery costs 4cz3uzugv 8cn ;0d1mg6*hm qg $1.49, and will run a portable CD player for 6.0 hours. Suppose the battery supplies a current of 25 mA to the player. What is the cost of energy in dollars per kWh?

  A motor that can do work at the rategvx jl/1,u *d1gc x6qr of 2.0 hp has 60% efficiency. How much current does it draw frjr,/q g6c1vg *xl1 uxdom a 120-V line? ($1hp=746W$)

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac1f6ojv4en7m:kf 4 c ta power source. What rms current flows through thi4vo 1c6aj: 7ef4k mnfts device?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 17 0c/ rz(kjrkt20-V ac power source. What peak current flowsrc (z kr7ktj/0 through this device?

  A 500-W device is connectsi5 muix8u1m )ed to a 120-V ac power source. What is the peak voltage across this device? 1ius8mi5 u)mx

  The diameter of a copper wire is 0.081 inch. lwubnsl5+g63 7g2s noThe maximum safe current it can carry (in order to prevent fire danger in building construction) is 20 A. At thius+7bnls5 l6o wgg2 n3s current, what is the drift velocity of the electrons? (The number of electron carriers in one cubic centimeter of copper is $8.5\times {10}^{22}$.)