A device that produces electricity by transforming chemical energy into fbe.d,,up(vp r.5lznelectrical energy is callp, .blv( up5rnd.,fze ed a

  A car battery

  The total amount of charge that passes through a wirew 2hv rksp*r;7's full cross section at any point per unit of time k2swrph ;*7 vris referred to as

  The direction of convention current is taken to be the direction thu.110ft : qftxdic v:d x,nr4nat

  A coulomb per second is the sa0sjf2s (u iir7me as

  Car batteries are rated in "amp-hours." This is a measure of thylh ;rem2y b2g/s1we+eir

  The resistance of a wire is definegw 4kw: lte3 )o71ytlhd as

  What is $1 \; \Omega$ equivalent to?

  The resistance of a wireye*m (oh6+ kcppp4 bg6 is

  The resistivity of a 3:pbpf (wcgcv24u 2sjwire depends on

  Which conducting mater x0d k/ gv8bzp-ke p;zyr).nq0ial has the lowest resistivity value?

  Consider two copper 1r. hax:uwm3swires. One has twice the length of the other. How do the resistivities3ma:1rhs x. wu of these two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One g +dey(yo2lx1pc rq9/rdyj8qc+ +2h dhas twice the length of the other. How do the resistances of these two wires jg/ dxc 2 2d+8l(y+eqo 1hry pycd9qr+compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the cross-sectional area of yu93m;f1eviq4vtr/ p the other. How do the resistances of9;v41eir q/fm vu3pty these two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length and ti-i*6y wkqn, bc*7hspwice the cross-sectional area of the other. How do the* i,6kpcqni wy h7-bs* resistances of these two wires compare?

  The length of a wire is doubled and the5sk 9s+oigu 19fn7 pp:vr bq0d radius is doubled. By what factor does v:u7kgpo n p fbsisq+99 50rd1the resistance change?

  How much more resistance does a 1.0 1i7yel+u3ih p cm diameter rod have compared to a 2.0 cm diameter rod of the same length and made of the samlp 7ey+h3 iiu1e material?

  The resistivity of most common)1t6v mroxw+ 2cv -+sbjethne*7uz1 r metals

  Negative temperature coefficients of rsfbhv j a83sbv7sk k2qpoy) 76,oz;*gesistivity

  What is 1 W equivalent toy6) c9vuzh,i :m8cd o ko1v-ss?

  A kilowatt-hour is e(6 5s tt:ohiegayreg0 if6*, x jo0ox,quivalent to

  If the resistance in a constant voltage circuit is double sa-;cqc5 l o15d7 -fdxpc/brtd, the power dissipated by that circuit c-f lq-p; 1s/7dodt5rx c5bc awill

  If the voltage across a circuit of constant res ;/ j qty2a6fe;vtuh uu4;g6xiistance is doubled, the power dissipated by that circuit wil ghuiyt6u;auqe;2/x 4fjvt ;6l

  If the resistance in a circuit with constant current flowing is d+f lkm, 9*va3(s lpcszoubled, the power dissm(k a,sc lplz9v*3 +fsipated by that circuit will

  If the current flowingif;9v(f osbj)n+u +1litf:h 5mvoa 3c through a circuit of constant resistance is doubled, the power va1uc5b 9fno )if+sjfh; iml:+ (tv3o dissipated by that circuit will

  During a power demand, the voltage output is reduced by 5.0%. By what pe5* eseh,ghp 7rrcentage is the power oresp 5gheh,7* n a resistor affected?

  A current that is sinusoidal with respect to time is referred j1z;p xag/nnoszp .v:b/6h :sto as

  Consider two copper wiqy4mkp8**ui *ocx48v pqfr a30jy6g eres each carrying a current of 3.0 A. One wire has twice the diameter of the other. The ratio of the drift velocity in the smalle*0j3k*fyeio 4x6q8*pp8rcaqvy g m4u r diameter wire to that in the larger diameter wire is

  Materials in which the resistivity becomes essentially zero atvnp ht/ (3k1 00b kuyanes,r,u very low temperatures ar(n1ebtu r h,p 03k,uyn0/k vsae referred to as

  What current is flowing if 0.67 C of charge pass a point in 0.30 sh+8ochew3u l 3:p(xvs?

  A charge of 12 C passes through an electroplating appa(aswn76on mxg lra+ m 9/i:l.dratus in 2.0 min. What is the average curren(mg/a:n+ 967lsi lxmoradw.n t?

  How much charge must pass by a point in 10 s of-.0yg7vjh j for the current to be 0.50 A?

  A total of $2.0 \times 10^{13} \; protons$ pass a given point in 15 s. What is the current?

  What current is flowii9;l :rp+ dgcemy4d) xng if $4.0 \times 10^{16} \; electrons$ pass a point in 0.50 s?

  If $3.0 \times 10^{15} \; electrons$ flow through a section of a wire of diameter 2.0 mm in 4.0 s, what is the current in the wire?

  A coffee maker, which draws 13.5 A of current, has b ipj-4kw7 )v bd76qrgm ,h.iueeen left on for 10 min. What is the net number of electhivp7. ge kj6m4-iwd bq ,)7urrons that have passed through the coffee maker?

  In an electroplating process, it iu4m27*4s g w b6skv(qod qb;wys desired to deposit 40 mg of silver on a metal part by using a current of 2.0 A. How long must the current be allowed to run to deposit this much silver? (The silver ions are singly charged, and the atomic weight of s7b* 2oubd6m;4sv wg( k4wyqqsilver is 108.)

  What potential difference is required to 3cx dvd os3 /i6sm69we(exm4l cause 4.00 A to flow through a resistance of6(9xv/ 3 xoims4e6l3 sed mcwd 330 W?

  What is the voltage across a 5.0-W resistor if the current throug: yd;17vf0ofay,6p wes(r zns h it is 5.0 A?

  A 4000-W resistor is csv**cuyh 4you k6xvuf8 4xc00 onnected across 220 V. What current will flow?

  A light bulb operating at 110 V draws 1.40 A of current. W8jzvw3lf/2fxms (j 4ohat is its resistancexl4v8j(zmwos j/ 3 f2f?

  A 12-V battery is connectevfrkc/ln j9o 6lv/s :9d to a 100-W resistor. How many electrons flow through the wirev/:llf 9ns vjkr/o9 6c in
1.0 min?

  What is the resistance of 1.0 m copper wir qf9(kbat+-c5k fztx/e of diameter 0.40 inch? (The resistivity of copper is - 9ktat bfzkfqx5/+( c$1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  What is the resistance of a circular rod 1.0 cm in diameter and 45 m long,6hbx ge a* d6p6nfsi88 if the resissih68a6p8ne x * bf6dgtivity is $1.4 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$?

  What length of copper wire (rezd /;tx4py* t )tap8xksistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) of diameter 0.15 mm is needed for a total resistance of $15 \; \Omega$?

  A 120-m long copper wire (resistivity ,xp7j *(xb; itdkid5sa2iwx/$1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) has resistance $6.0 \; \Omega$. What is the diameter of the wire?

  A 1.5-cm square rod, 4.0 m long, measures 0.040 ohms. What is its resis a)msf0)0dts2mq/s 3kl tdhi1 tivity?

  Calculate the current through ajiuyh(f 5ci 7)ctx+e4q rd15r 10.0-m long 22 gauge (the radius is 0.321 mm) nichrome wire if it is connected to a 12.0-V battery. (The resistivity o1e+(fr5i4cj rxthd)ci uq 5 y7f nichrome is $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  A heavy bus bar is 20 cm long and of rectangular cross-see2j*, e3 bnmn2z644oudgemql ction, 1.0 cm x 2.0 cm. What is the voltage drop along its length when it ca,dm4 n4gb6 nz e2 m*o23qjleuerries 4000 A? (The resistivity of copper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \Omega \cdot m$)

  A 1.0-m length of nichrome wire has a r 88i/dvsucfav n-*q x;adius of 0.50 mm and a resistivity of $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$. If the wire carries a current of 0.50 A, what is the voltage across the wire?

  A 1.0-mm diameter copper wire (resz68kf vg.xq8x7 8p ,v1qtukwfistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) carries a current of 15 A. What is the potential difference between two points 100 m apart?

  A carbon resistor has q6 s lnvrtd**i+68zvxa resistance of $18 \Omega$ at a temperature of $20 ^{\circ}C$. What is its resistance at a temperature of $120 ^{\circ}C$? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for carbon is $-5.0 \times 10^{-4} /^{\circ}C$.)

  The temperature coefficient of resistivity om.ynjc0rzuel1l wa*4jc g/3gs;( r4vf platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$. If a platinum wire has a resistance of R at room temperature ($23 ^{\circ}C$), to what temperature must it be heated in order to double its resistance to 2R?

  A platinum wire is used to determine the melting point of indium. The resistancd:7lk82:g j9 gl)eozx gy egj2e of th2kzel897 2x dg jjlgg )y:oeg:e platinum wire is $2.000 \; \Omega$ at $20 ^{\circ}C$ and increases to $3.072 \; \Omega$ as indium starts to melt. What is the melting point of indium? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$.)

  5.00 A is flowing thwa sar,/mwbc t7f dt.cu2+;3grough an $10.0 \; \Omega$ resistor. How much power is being dissipated?

  A 110-V hair dryer is rated at 1200 W7cgz* j6wa569 gozo . q)jmhpd. What current will it draw?

  A 150-W light bulb running on 110 V drawmy3vkn7: 1pqt 9tjl g-aik8 d lcf0p4:6jh n7ps how much current?

  What is the nominal resistance of a . uz 1so d34v3wdvzo*h100-W light bulb designed to be used in a 120-V circdhs o1 v34z3w dzu*.vouit?

  A toaster is rated 800 W at 120 V. What is the resistance of its h0ubrzhp k4. 11vhva7 en a40(kxq(fhveating elemenp1abu(7aev0kh q 0h(kvhn f.r4z vx14t?

  A 200-W resistor is rat d,/gr7cmh,*dmsbs7 +fi a:eped at $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum current it can draw?

  A 200-W resistor is rag0n 0 xdj:zq u(;x5qzxted at $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum voltage?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If it is used at 120 V, w9wp6(bk nf1il o0fyc(hat current does it draw?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bh 51 ws) -x t3u4;ga9qgyfbckaulb. If it is used at 120 V, what is its resistance?

  A 25-W soldering iron runs on 110 V. Wwcfzmqm-6fz3 uoo3 9qk j.r+hc5,ke 3hat is its resistance?

  How much does it cost to operate a 25-W soldering iron for 8.0 hours, if e747q)rvmyjwi )xy b4y ) pao9n nmpd;g*l1 ck1nergy cosnagp1jy9p) 47m1owrqv)l4bmyk7 ;c)dy x * ints $0.08/kWh?

  How much energy does a 100-W light buli pn,b3hv) lz0b use in 8.0 hours?

  A 1500-W heater is connected to a 120-V line for 2.0 hours. How much heat epu 1yhbs(9ugifh ya cs/1 8d75nergy is produced?( uhi 81cb sh1s5u gfda7py9/y

  A battery is rated at 12 V and 160 A-h. How much energy does the batterd7a66g0/oiq zrs 3 lyry store?6/qg ldia0r o 6z37syr

  How much energy does a 25-Wlp5g xf fnh)ymwc2-58 soldering iron use in 8.0 hours?

  A 100-W driveway light bulb is on x8 : g,;4p ylh14uz) lxvuclxs10 hours per day. Assuming the power company charges 10 cents for each kilowatt-hour of electricity used, estimate the annual co8l,1 )yup: chllu4xxz; v4xsg st to operate the bulb.

  A 400-W computer (computer plus monito2jeuz) i x52gqe2 ,9rowyf1 fbr) is turned on 8.0 hours per day. If electricity costs 10 cents per kWh, how much does it cost to run the computer annually?j 9gber2z2qyi1 exu2ow5 ,) ff

  The monthly (30 days) electric bill included the cost of run kft-)r fwiiap57z1r.ning a central air-conditioning unit for 2.0 hr/day at 5000 W, and a series connection of ten 60 W light bulbs for 5.0 hr/day. How much did these items contribute to the cost of the monthly electric bilazr 17ftiiw fp.k5r-)l if electricity costs 8.0 cents per kWh?

  The heating element in an electric drier operates on 240 V and generatesu m4qxk t()w9bywu ;b9wtk.vzp.s sy0.fc; 6a heat at the rate of 2.1 kW. The heating element shorts out and, in repairing it, the owner shoztsv;q0yu. kxmb 4y9twsc);(w. b6 kp .a f9uwrtens the Nichrome wire by 10%. (Assume the temperature is unchanged. In reality, the resistivity of the wire will depend on its temperature.) What effect will the repair have on the power dissipated in the heating element?

  14 A of current flows through /r5 o zw;oo4tr(5)-tckll7op6td vop $8.0 \; \Omega$ resistor for 24 hours. How much does this cost if energy costs $0.09/kWh?

  A 9.0-V battery cost/idrow yud6k0 xe* o5k;x, (oos $1.49, and will run a portable CD player for 6.0 hours. Suppose the battery supplies a current of 25 mA to the player. What is the cost of energy in dollars per kWh?

  A motor that can do work at th 4,r3 ws.0x.d6+oilixu yv hpge rate of 2.0 hp has 60% efficiency. How much current does it draw fromxirwuhy. 30p6 , odlixvg.s4+ a 120-V line? ($1 \; hp = 746 \; W$)

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power st ktjf: v-o .iu*)sb+hource. What rms current flows thr-)k+.bvjti:t hu o*s fough this device?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V acc/dnea zc.c2/ power source. What peak current flows / cc2/.n ezcadthrough this device?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power source. What is the peak vq ;nx7h8lxmz:oltage ac;hl:nxzq x m87ross this device?

  The diameter of a coppeim1vj 49ag jjrpz)0o,r wire is 0.081 inch. The maximum safe current it can carry (in order to prevent fire danger in building construction) is 20 A. At this current, what is the drift velocity of the electrons?jijvm1o,4j 0gp9z r)a (The number of electron carriers in one cubic centimeter of copper is $8.5 \times 10^{22}$.)