A device that produces electricity by transforming chemical energy intosh8xv1)i:9yh odk )hmdi -e2 c electrical energy is cald2 o)miis:kdexv ych981h-)h led a

  A car battery

  The total amount of charge that pas2*-px0v2 yb/khmxphuses through a wire's full cross section at any poi02uyxkpp2m* -/x hvhbnt per unit of time is referred to as

  The direction of convention current is taken to bepx w3nfsl (u0hr0odnwx4 k ),- the direction that

  A coulomb per second i w d/bwtud,he)7+.0bqdj q)eas the same as

  Car batteries are rated in "amp-hours." This is a mea.ikm,d li(l+ lsure of their

  The resistance of a wire is 6e.3 yher rg mfhn;*d7defined as

  What is $1 \; \Omega$ equivalent to?

  The resistance of a wire i61v qptj h/-.6tg* me;n peyjh88s gzbs

  The resistivity of a wir ehnsoav/)u7b73su )x e depends on

  Which conducting material has the lowest *bfaas 1ad 1le9u+m.jresistivity value?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length of the otxgbt87d-bu 4dher. How do the resistivities of these two wires compare?dx -78gbbt4d u

  Consider two copper wl(fk1;nw, ezg cqfcy2./jm /oires. One has twice the length of the other. How do the resistances of these two wc /kny (.,lecg2zfm o/ f1wq;jires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the cross-sectional area of tpppt 5:ewqi5; he other. How do the resistances of these two wi;5w qp5p ip:etres compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length and twice the cro h3hyx/+nxca(ss-sectional /h hyxnxca3+( area of the other. How do the resistances of these two wires compare?

  The length of a wire is doubled and the radius is doubled. By what factorxa8ka: t o7tftl5k: g102yn ik2 ee7kt does th 5xkkn71t2k:giak2e:etlf7 t0yt8 ao e resistance change?

  How much more resistance does a 1.0 cm diameter rod have compared to a 2.0 cm dd*2k7gus9 m tjiameter rod of the same length ujdms *92 7kgtand made of the same material?

  The resistivity of most 1)78 ddt, 6/cugz 9xppxqog gckh-xq5common metals

  Negative temperature coeffici(gz6lwend9y/yeft 5(ke -/g c ents of resistivity

  What is 1 W equivalent to?rlb 6l(9 1ylb0u7gamuyky i21

  A kilowatt-hour is equivalenu-ql-3zh ati agrc+ )zg:mhj)/:neo3 t to

  If the resistance in a constant voltage circuit is doubled, the power diqso -zm,* nfi mn6c (t033jenussipated by that circuit will6i,s0n tnnzomf (qmjc3*3ue -

  If the voltage across a circuit of constant resistance is doubl:0x.ehf nq,gi ed, the power dissipated g:n.0 xehf,qi by that circuit will

  If the resistance in a ci e cd2 p8k(icv:+ts 9c1i9voazrcuit with constant current flowing is doubled, the power dissipated by thaa vsv+ eip :d(icck8 9czo192tt circuit will

  If the current flowing through a circuit of constant resisth4dct/ qz5a, hance is doubled, the powec h 4dahq5z,t/r dissipated by that circuit will

  During a power demand, the voltage output is reduced by 5.0%. By what percenta36aa ;9rxulirge is the ir9arlax;36u power on a resistor affected?

  A current that is sinu fpj ,o cae; w twj13h8*y-uz6k,ud4 1;knmfnssoidal with respect to time is referred to as

  Consider two copper wires each carrying a current o- b.)r yo:i53 nugefl4f1 kqucf 3.0 A. One wire has twice the diameter of the other. The ratio of the drift velocity in the smaller diameter wire to that in the larger c4:ny1br.ugqe 3oui 5f k )l-fdiameter wire is

  Materials in which the resistivity.7k.: xeac7n8zzyughwwi+ g 6 becomes essentially zero at very low temperatures are referred tonzyg 8 wxwu7 ehz :7c.g+ia.6k as

  What current is flowing if 0.9;6d;g ;fbh*z4d-qxntwophv 67 C of charge pass a point in 0.30 s?

  A charge of 12 C passes throjz,u--.dsf+;4uuxj /t ir rlfugh an electroplating apparatus in 2.0 min. What is the average ,x;-/ -rud+u trf4isjl.fzu j current?

  How much charge must pass by a point in 10 s for the current to be pm:d1ua5wbr;0.50 A?

  A total of $2.0 \times 10^{13} \; protons$ pass a given point in 15 s. What is the current?

  What current is flowing 8) (oz u q444 c-4meudutfialxif $4.0 \times 10^{16} \; electrons$ pass a point in 0.50 s?

  If $3.0 \times 10^{15} \; electrons$ flow through a section of a wire of diameter 2.0 mm in 4.0 s, what is the current in the wire?

  A coffee maker, which draws 13.5 A of current, has b;nls*c0 (-etvxh18nl+ df ebeeen left on for 10 min. What is the netnft e -eb8 ehv*cs0 1lxd;l(+n number of electrons that have passed through the coffee maker?

  In an electroplating process, it is desired to deposit 40 mg of siih pt ;hp.8rqt0c 6n)6 po+dfalver on a metal part by using a current of 2.0 A. How long must the current be allowed to run to depo ia td.h6p68f0p;ptnhr )c+oqsit this much silver? (The silver ions are singly charged, and the atomic weight of silver is 108.)

  What potential difference is required to cause 4.0l),5rga4 anc y0 A to flow through a resistanc, 4)ayc 5nargle of 330 W?

  What is the voltage across a 5.0-W resistor if the current through it is 5.0hi66bf wo*eq) A?

  A 4000-W resistor is connected acrlzglo(ch 6vnpn *pt;2i0( +r woss 220 V. What current will flow?

  A light bulb operating at 110 V draws 1.40 A of current. What is its rg(1xud a4-y te;p5d*xtc+x ktesistance?pc-xxautt ;1x5y4 d+ e dg(k*t

  A 12-V battery is connected to a 100-W resis +llwlvm;./5 c kkiga7tor. How many electrons flow through the wk7lal 5il;v. wg+/c kmire in
1.0 min?

  What is the resistance of lwbwl 60jf 1*uwgyu161.0 m copper wire of diameter 0.40 inch? (The resistivity of copper is *10buwlw ly6jf6g1w u$1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  What is the resistance of a circular rod 1.4t z4wk u d 5p5/dp.qssz) 2mijylje;60 cm in diameter and 45 m long, if the resistujs4wk.i qd6;jzeplt4y 5p)m /z5 2sdivity is $1.4 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$?

  What length of copper wire80+k 6ap j3d ,q y+s9p ,vsfpdqgpn;ge (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) of diameter 0.15 mm is needed for a total resistance of $15 \; \Omega$?

  A 120-m long copper wirey i u(jvxn r.+4:,neae (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) has resistance $6.0 \; \Omega$. What is the diameter of the wire?

  A 1.5-cm square rod, 4.0 m long, measures 0.040h/fn z:9y hs olmg)q8l5/7hsx ue.df. ohms. What is its resistivity?

  Calculate the current through a 10.0-m long 22 gauge (the r 2t+sg0x fc)nl b;rw1qadius is 0.321 mm) nichrome wire if it is c rt)x+s2fl 01nqcbgw;onnected to a 12.0-V battery. (The resistivity of nichrome is $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  A heavy bus bar is 20 cm long and of rectangular cross-section, 1.0 cm x 2.0dqc6lr;r-gp7f08 1k2e1nm+ zblkq rw cm. What is the volkec f6 ng8+pz2;b1l- rm7qw dql0r1kr tage drop along its length when it carries 4000 A? (The resistivity of copper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \Omega \cdot m$)

  A 1.0-m length of nichrome wii3-jel. g dy(gre has a radius of 0.50 mm and a resistivity of $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$. If the wire carries a current of 0.50 A, what is the voltage across the wire?

  A 1.0-mm diameter copp-+oe0* m -*pe9icrhvi*cdr y per wire (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) carries a current of 15 A. What is the potential difference between two points 100 m apart?

  A carbon resistor hasai,vg u(y//v1l mal )b a resistance of $18 \Omega$ at a temperature of $20 ^{\circ}C$. What is its resistance at a temperature of $120 ^{\circ}C$? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for carbon is $-5.0 \times 10^{-4} /^{\circ}C$.)

  The temperature coefficient ofl9yq:1waq91o+b 8 )rr tdlynk resistivity of platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$. If a platinum wire has a resistance of R at room temperature ($23 ^{\circ}C$), to what temperature must it be heated in order to double its resistance to 2R?

  A platinum wire is used to determine the melting point of indium. The resistme oszb5:h.uu8 cs.u706 mll hance of the platinum wire.c .bul mu: eshh u7l8z560mos is $2.000 \; \Omega$ at $20 ^{\circ}C$ and increases to $3.072 \; \Omega$ as indium starts to melt. What is the melting point of indium? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$.)

  5.00 A is flowing throughje5 p:,3 gb up4a4sh4c9zj rna an $10.0 \; \Omega$ resistor. How much power is being dissipated?

  A 110-V hair dryer is ratecwnw2 w 1bzt*5b.4h4jgo q5kd d at 1200 W. What current will it draw?

  A 150-W light bulb running on 110 V draws heymq2q-/a w*low much current?

  What is the nominal resistance of a 100-W light bulb desi;6oe (bqjo823pidds fgned to be used in a 120-V circj2do8os6i bqd;e ( 3pfuit?

  A toaster is rated 800 W at 120 V. What is the resistance of its heating elel;v (a+ z1rvi(bcx5 rument?c(u5;a bir1rl+(vvxz

  A 200-W resistor is r .4aoq0h rqgc0y-cj:gated at $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum current it can draw?

  A 200-W resistor is rat5h3tc r5v aw/ved at $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum voltage?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If it is ubo0yq qh0 a 25tjkdhtuy4 x3)*sed at 120 V, what current does it draw?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If q91dcv5pis 7s+2 .pqrt4 nafz it is used at 120 V, what is its resistance?

  A 25-W soldering iron runs on -s*twy. 4wn) v1mjlvn 110 V. What is its resistance?

  How much does it cost to operate a 25-W soldering irc 6l2vt16 s)8*wl sezmdia:k ton for 8.0 hours, if energy s)w28lz e16lk mta6it: scd*vcosts $0.08/kWh?

  How much energy does a 100-W tym7a ,y7)hdh r(ff(tlight bulb use in 8.0 hours?

  A 1500-W heater is connected to a 120-V line for 2.0 hours 8 xq2kjw5jm:q oudh82. How much heat energy ij:w5umj o 8q2xh8 dkq2s produced?

  A battery is rated at 12 V -dx2iuz/f,cja osz/6and 160 A-h. How much energy does the battery store?-6/f2, cuz/s xjzaido

  How much energy does a 25-W soldering iron use in 8.0 h;q8a o fpx6nuxo6ss0km*d97 zours?

  A 100-W driveway light bulb is on 10 hours per day. Assuming the power compa30oxro z1j+5du5mbodfh4fid5 e z) b 4ny charges 10 cents for each kd5jobb meo z1fx5hi4)u r03+z 4d5 fodilowatt-hour of electricity used, estimate the annual cost to operate the bulb.

  A 400-W computer (computer plus monitorr5u,zd pi 1c.1rsnbiqbz/1t7 ) is turned on 8.0 hours per day. If electricity costs 10 cents peiuqtzi nd7z1,b1rbs/p15 cr . r kWh, how much does it cost to run the computer annually?

  The monthly (30 days) electric bill included the cost of runninve0hwb 8jmru3g8 z1+i,r h 8,ezg+f tig a central air-conditioning unit for 2.0 hr/day at 5000 W, and a series connection of ten 60 W light bulbs for 5.0 hr/day. How much did these items contribute to tigzr u81jhe+w3 e,8 +,8vzbmi fht r0ghe cost of the monthly electric bill if electricity costs 8.0 cents per kWh?

  The heating element eqnkea p+8pp6r tjm,y:,f* y)in an electric drier operates on 240 V and generates heat at the rate of 2.1 kW. The heating element shorts out and, in repairing it, the owner shortens the Nichrome wire by 10%. (Assume the temperature is unchanged. In reality, the resistivity of the wire will depend on its temperature.) What effe+t6yr8)q*,p:n paj ye p,kfmect will the repair have on the power dissipated in the heating element?

  14 A of current flowhkp b2ofb:up0f :36 .lv7v: xlg qhlb8s through $8.0 \; \Omega$ resistor for 24 hours. How much does this cost if energy costs $0.09/kWh?

  A 9.0-V battery costk.v6xcaw *s14 mrgk1k s $1.49, and will run a portable CD player for 6.0 hours. Suppose the battery supplies a current of 25 mA to the player. What is the cost of energy in dollars per kWh?

  A motor that can do work at the rate of 2.0 hp has 60% efficiency. How much cu7r; ,of;4 yql8 q.sv0cz5hb: o b9tp6wu bxyfurrent does it draw from a 120-lzt8 s;, p4. uroo7 5y:0 ch6x v;bfq9bwfyuqbV line? ($1 \; hp = 746 \; W$)

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power source. ;jv b4km8)x-) av valtvffa,xmt ;.n2What rms current flows thr-t;t4a v 8amf;,).)km2ajnlvfvx vxbough this device?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power source. What peak curregc-j, 8zt1fu qnt flows throughtfq,gzc j -u81 this device?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power (k 7n4sh9xwn-6 absz esource. What is the peak voltage across this devin 9as4bz-6 xs7( wehnkce?

  The diameter of a copper wire is 0.je:0 *-a2d 8lj boifjob g;zh)081 inch. The maximum safe current it can carry (in order to prevent fire danger in building construction) is 20 A. At this current, what is the drift velocity of the elo8j fhgo2jb j-: e0d;)*abzilectrons? (The number of electron carriers in one cubic centimeter of copper is $8.5 \times 10^{22}$.)