A device that produces electricity by transforming chemical e hl:w0xn+onihv.18 f8qkd8 yznergy into electrical energy is calleh8k0 y o81fdnl.q+:xvnw8ihz d a

  A car battery

  The total amount of charge that pashy8ty n5/*b+1hursr c*z -q 1isv9d(b rlfi)wses through a wire's full cross section at any point per unit of time is refer1vz9q d+1ri -lc*brrsy/u8 (tn hw* y )hbi5fsred to as

  The direction of convention current is tac 9xace ),vdkhz2 v+fc7qd9v5jyiju )xp +./gken to be the direction that

  A coulomb per second is thpvt 2*bhmi83 ae same as

  Car batteries are rated in "amp-hours." Tp2f3cdh ok5,fa fc 55utyop/y:rv c))his is a measure of their

  The resistance of a wire is defined a 4e78rvr 7egwksm-k3 jvv:b45w guvm3s

  What is $1 \; \Omega$ equivalent to?

  The resistance of a wire ae;y 67zwyjj+ is

  The resistivity of a wire dep*i hztivo0slo-xw (+1ends on

  Which conducting material has the rkm b06t+eio d)s/2hu lowest resistivity value?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length of the ot;;)du ltsi 2ib1 ixt*sher. How do the resistivities of these two wires comparb;six;ti sl) u*1 i2tde?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length s:fhe umm-w*8 of the other. How do the re8* e:w hsfu-mmsistances of these two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the cross-sectional area of ,q.wxsjg5 v4fthe other. How do the resistances of s5 gf,vwxj.q4these two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has t v2xrc7 .)qe)ix:pkep wice the length and twice the cross-sectional areae7:) rp2qxckpv ix). e of the other. How do the resistances of these two wires compare?

  The length of a wire is doubled and the radius is doubled. By whatwicfmu7,o -o ew qhz:x)k s400 factor does the eqw:w,0oiskmo07 )-f xhuzc4 resistance change?

  How much more resistance doesw1(xcu.hm3kw a 1.0 cm diameter rod have compared to a 2.0 cm diameter rod of theu(m3kh.w w1c x same length and made of the same material?

  The resistivity of most commww39agujhdum 0 )a:q(y hp80e on metals

  Negative temperature coefficients of8ay zjooe:(j9 resistivity

  What is 1 W equivalentrtar16 u.c2qjr+ :9sgvj aqd*z .yyurkp04)p to?

  A kilowatt-hour is equival5, f1m7lhqkxp5wn+ 0vlab :rtent to

  If the resistance in a constant voltage circuit itnugix4: rq s5f323ci s doubled, the power dissipated by that cir: qu32cfns5 3git 4rxicuit will

  If the voltage across a circuit of constant re+ l( y3xpbi.lesistance is doubled, the power dissipated by that circuit wi(y.xipllb e3 +ll

  If the resistance ins /:bd;wxr*aouu01n9bkczwc*s r u00 a circuit with constant current flowing is doubled, the powecsw 1kn0rbb;d9oru zu: /w0x*0a c*us r dissipated by that circuit will

  If the current flowing through a circuit of constant resistance is doubled, th j;r*/pksked;4kslh9pax( hro ,o :u0e power dissipated b(l o0;s:apsor ,hk dr9euk; 4k */pjxhy that circuit will

  During a power demand, the voltage output is redf 2.c m sceat3fs, gelq1-r65kuced by 5.0%. By what percentage is the pow ,ceqeff.gmsct16la25r3 - sker on a resistor affected?

  A current that is sinusoidal with respect to time is referred to a,lb )ald-2xql*gvb t/s

  Consider two copper wires each c5e4pu5 f yzjo(arrying a current of 3.0 A. One wire has twice the diameter of the other. The ratio of the drift velocity in to5j4p(5 z eyufhe smaller diameter wire to that in the larger diameter wire is

  Materials in which the resisti.ta u13i nisus-8lj6 nvvuu(/ vity becomes essentially zero at very low temperaturel tauu1u86nisn(u js/ v-vi3. s are referred to as

  What current is flowingj7 -*p(q us(cs/(oudj1htfs(y1 oojv if 0.67 C of charge pass a point in 0.30 s?

  A charge of 12 C passes through( hit3 0hehd.r an electroplating apparatus in 2.0 min. What is the a3r (hethdi0h .verage current?

  How much charge must pass by a point in 10 s f( a+-dqh6bjl w;iq8l sor the current to be 0.50 A?

  A total of $2.0 \times 10^{13} \; protons$ pass a given point in 15 s. What is the current?

  What current is flowi+1yxctskk -v- ng if $4.0 \times 10^{16} \; electrons$ pass a point in 0.50 s?

  If $3.0 \times 10^{15} \; electrons$ flow through a section of a wire of diameter 2.0 mm in 4.0 s, what is the current in the wire?

  A coffee maker, which draws 13.5 A of current, ha,f :.b8wjyxbis been left on for 10 min. What is the net number of electrons that have passed through th:,wb.b8 xjfyie coffee maker?

  In an electroplating process, it is desired to deposit 40 mg of silver on a m:, y1 -+cgp26yo0-leqrrgi de5yg0foc ma ( tmetal part by using a current of 2.0y ygpelr(qi0+to -mc6yfmd 0e:2r-cg,a g15o A. How long must the current be allowed to run to deposit this much silver? (The silver ions are singly charged, and the atomic weight of silver is 108.)

  What potential difference is required to cause 4.00 A to flow through ao ,mm wq 84cwbd:/2zh).ud)vd,wh l oc resistance of 330q vlw/ ,) zd hd),cc m8bo2wdh.owm4u: W?

  What is the voltage acrosc+b*.dqhdc qge zox7o9*vd * 7s a 5.0-W resistor if the current through it is 5.0 A?

  A 4000-W resistor is connected across 220 V.k dd g-k30*ell What current will flow?

  A light bulb operating at 110 V draws 1.40 A of current. What is its resis4fh 2 ggog/c+dtance? gg2ofh+/ 4cgd

  A 12-V battery is connected to a 100-W resistor. How many electrons flow throu5/:3sj wg/ctrz thip3 gh tr5si3pjh: g/zt3t/ cwhe wire in
1.0 min?

  What is the resistance of 1.0 m copper wire of diameter 0.40 inch? ( ,tt0bnw7dh44;se(py gor.o v*l4y gmThe resistivity of cp4 golgb evyhrn7ow t.( ;04*dy 4ts,mopper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  What is the resistance of a circular rod 1.0 cm in diameter and 45 m long ,.och xnk7knud:x*(cngm+1i, if thcn1imng7.xh(: xon *uk,kdc+ e resistivity is $1.4 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$?

  What length of copper wire (resistivil *oa0 jkdm(7zty $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) of diameter 0.15 mm is needed for a total resistance of $15 \; \Omega$?

  A 120-m long copper wire (resistivitkaocfa7p+ kh*ko* r 69y $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) has resistance $6.0 \; \Omega$. What is the diameter of the wire?

  A 1.5-cm square rod, 20v+ xn1,twl ls 5utau4.0 m long, measures 0.040 ohms. What is its resistivity?

  Calculate the current through a 1 wrg vd6jrlb5:7joo 714vhl y50.0-m long 22 gauge (the radius is 0.321 mm) nichrome wire:d5 jwr6vob o5yg r7lljh147v if it is connected to a 12.0-V battery. (The resistivity of nichrome is $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  A heavy bus bar is 20 cm long and of rectangular cross-section, 1.0 cm xrqm9-hj m,kkd*f85zx1boxa+ 2.0 cm. What is the x xq,jbk o1 *5makh98-dzmf+ rvoltage drop along its length when it carries 4000 A? (The resistivity of copper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \Omega \cdot m$)

  A 1.0-m length of nichrome wire has a radiuaeswta6o1gci* cem5r*., 5, ugf 9h nus of 0.50 mm and a resistivity of $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$. If the wire carries a current of 0.50 A, what is the voltage across the wire?

  A 1.0-mm diameter copper wire (res /h;f+ia *9fkvvv gqha)xbxw-x,d- w /istivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) carries a current of 15 A. What is the potential difference between two points 100 m apart?

  A carbon resistor has a resistancz( 8j r-:yg4(1(b f7 rgeuyrjg f6cudge of $18 \Omega$ at a temperature of $20 ^{\circ}C$. What is its resistance at a temperature of $120 ^{\circ}C$? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for carbon is $-5.0 \times 10^{-4} /^{\circ}C$.)

  The temperature coefficient of resistivity of platinum 4 z41r*qu/9vejqdg k wis $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$. If a platinum wire has a resistance of R at room temperature ($23 ^{\circ}C$), to what temperature must it be heated in order to double its resistance to 2R?

  A platinum wire is used to detetu1 owhl )u:9m5+ppz urmine the melting point of indium. The resistance owh p9utuz )u5:m+p1lof the platinum wire is $2.000 \; \Omega$ at $20 ^{\circ}C$ and increases to $3.072 \; \Omega$ as indium starts to melt. What is the melting point of indium? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$.)

  5.00 A is flowing throug9bylrq p3 jmp 2o )a5:gr/7rc) j k)oqwrxs;/xh an $10.0 \; \Omega$ resistor. How much power is being dissipated?

  A 110-V hair dryer is rateh xmnes*yr.582kzke x)4 2zzxd at 1200 W. What current will it draw?

  A 150-W light bulb running on 110 V drawsi6: u:f tnr.rh how much current?

  What is the nominal resistance of a 100-W light urx p3jp40c-kbulb designed to be used in a 120-V cirp-0xc j34prkucuit?

  A toaster is rated 800 W at 120 V. ;opv+(hj vy9 mWhat is the resistance of its heating elemen ymv(hv+po 9j;t?

  A 200-W resistor is ratedin s),u4bi 9+jm 3sucm at $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum current it can draw?

  A 200-W resistor is rated 6xc, )3cjqw/w*q*jtco9vd g g0l c 7ixat $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum voltage?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If it is used atp1)3ieu mnv bv3 y+*he 120 V, what current does it draw?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb.xa;0a5 wcq s y6bp-hd8 If it is used at 120 V, what is its resistance?

  A 25-W soldering iron runs on 110 94uawr j5b,z8gq l,wiV. What is its resistance?

  How much does it cost to operate a 25-W soldering iron for 8.0 hours, if energ6 mw*vbn,7jeny cosvje,*bm6 7nnwts $0.08/kWh?

  How much energy does a 100-W 1 a7a*73+ vahpzxymjyh)s8tt light bulb use in 8.0 hours?

  A 1500-W heater is connjml w r1 onrf9+4mm 1+t:sio8eected to a 120-V line for 2.0 hours. How much heat energy is produc:r4e8mmi1s+o+wn9jlof 1rtm ed?

  A battery is rated at 12 V and 160 A-h. How much energy does the batte; 4wvjvg0wynaf .sw).ry store?sfna.y4 gj;w0w. v)w v

  How much energy does a ky0m4a.;gk4wty :m1cyoram9 25-W soldering iron use in 8.0 hours?

  A 100-W driveway light bulb is on 10 hours pero i,pjh; 9bmw3 day. Assuming the power company charges 10 ce9 pbmhi o3j,w;nts for each kilowatt-hour of electricity used, estimate the annual cost to operate the bulb.

  A 400-W computer (computex gh 7rr;pu,zbgt 7 jq9ego180r plus monitor) is turned on 8.0 hours per day. If electricity costs 10 cents per kWh, how much does it cost to run the gr9 j,7;btg1zhx8 ou ger0qp7computer annually?

  The monthly (30 days) electric bill included the cost of running a central 4dtqo0pmty, 9air-conditioning unit for 2.0 hr/day at 5000 W, and a series connection of ten 60 W light bulbs for 5.0 hr/day. How much did these items contribute to the cost of the monthly e490doytt ,m pqlectric bill if electricity costs 8.0 cents per kWh?

  The heating element in an electric drier operates on 240 V and generates us tmo .cw5 l44t)71pvbte0tfheat at the rate of 2.1 kW. The heating element shorts out and, in repairing it, the owner shortens the Nichrome wire by 10%. (Assume7b) s0t oe fu4p 1mc.lt5wttv4 the temperature is unchanged. In reality, the resistivity of the wire will depend on its temperature.) What effect will the repair have on the power dissipated in the heating element?

  14 A of current flows thr +r54p t w6)wqjt ,t*cvm5vy +jtvy7hkough $8.0 \; \Omega$ resistor for 24 hours. How much does this cost if energy costs $0.09/kWh?

  A 9.0-V battery costswj(mvq yr/,/e.itydz0ye) g+ 9j8ex s0uh jk8 $1.49, and will run a portable CD player for 6.0 hours. Suppose the battery supplies a current of 25 mA to the player. What is the cost of energy in dollars per kWh?

  A motor that can do work at the ratm7 541/oc3wevxvd lyks, d t1te of 2.0 hp has 60% efficiency. How much current does it draw from a 120-V lit3td cok/5m,vedy1 xw s7l41vne? ($1 \; hp = 746 \; W$)

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power sourceir+h+ia-7kh khyf6vb2(n0 c a. What rms current flows through this dev hb+kih2 +7c( ianyvh fr-a6k0ice?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V acb:p,oa n6 i (b+mm,uboh. qkf4 power source. What peak current flows through thibob,6u (+qp bm,: ainf 4homk.s device?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power source. What is the peak vo2 e3,ofqlq rc),wr. a5:xntutltage across this device?tr:tq25,n eacx)qr wl.3o,f u

  The diameter of a co lt:,b8 b-ctcry29czj4t m6bj lwh,h,pper wire is 0.081 inch. The maximum safe current it can carry (in order to prevent fire danger in building construction) is 20 A. At this current, what is the drift velocity of the electrons? ,:tr8 4-9jb,y bz6hh w,2cmbctljt lc (The number of electron carriers in one cubic centimeter of copper is $8.5 \times 10^{22}$.)