A device that produces electricity by transforming chemical :uq.l0x*uat-x u(ui.ct .jv aenergy into electrical energy is cal *.xu0ua vux qlu c.(jtat.i:-led a

  A car battery

  The total amount of charge that passes through a wire's full cp w2w v97f+d.kcy98 pto2;bd qnyra;oross section at any point per unit of time is referrk722pat ;pqbfw9vo wn.;d 8ry 9cyo+d ed to as

  The direction of convention currnhvlcie7a ;(3.:n xgp ent is taken to be the direction that

  A coulomb per second is-m745ud:t0yui y ct yb the same as

  Car batteries are rated in "amp-hours." This isydg-zjr3bz8bebp16y7 . iw ydx(* pw . a measure of their

  The resistance of a wire is de0 e6*mcqaerr ch* ;.hefined as

  What is $1 \; \Omega$ equivalent to?

  The resistance of a wiqal);p*d 7os5g,x+l.lba d eare is

  The resistivity of a wirfh7h9zsdev tq azi;60 3j+qb- zj+4rxe depends on

  Which conducting material hl2 6po8z bzw;o)*r+myk5 vkf doyh.e 7as the lowest resistivity value?

  Consider two copper wires. One:3(t e3vyj8 g /wdnkqu has twice the length of the other. How do the resistivities of these two kqe n:uy3d (tjv8 g3w/wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has f+c+xi/, umon twice the length of the other. How do the resistances of these two wi+x cf nu,oim+/res compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One v j l56iz) bpkrq*eof23jl)2dhas twice the cross-sectional area of the other. 2 oi fq326ezjrlpkdj*5lvb) )How do the resistances of these two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length kvpd.e8koa-3 and twice the cross-sectional area of the other. How do the resi3ao kk -8edpv.stances of these two wires compare?

  The length of a wire is doubled andrh9l() 7pp t 5+yykpum gv32gc the radius is doubled. By what factor does tkt2u73gl+py5 py )ch p9( vgmrhe resistance change?

  How much more resistance does a 1.0 cm diameter rod have com v76opv zcfl*1pared to a 2.0 cm diameter rod of the samof7vclpzv16 *e length and made of the same material?

  The resistivity of most common4uu)js5a7:t wa+g loo*dyzrk/,eam; metals

  Negative temperature co (m1 e xqzluw:*b nhmrd 4hsv0-t1g4*oefficients of resistivity

  What is 1 W equivalenwgu 4f0e,fxo2 t to?

  A kilowatt-hour is equivaled9hfi 84.duz mdywp5/nt to

  If the resistance in a constant voltage circuit rlnz *xd/+/ . ei:i(us uq6byhis doubled, the power dissipated by xil h*q( nz:sy+./ueid b6ru /that circuit will

  If the voltage across a circuit lox13flku)qyh4:oo eyx 4:7j of constant resistance is doubled, the power dissipated by that circux4h7:lqx 3f uo):o4yj y oekl1it will

  If the resistance in a circu omf5qc9ejv3:ai2.s i it with constant current flowing is doubled, the power dissipated by th 5i9jocs2 feaq3mv:.iat circuit will

  If the current flowing through a circuit of constant resx28/4uotdm(i/krsn kistance is doubled, the power dissipated buo/kx(drs ti2k8n m/4 y that circuit will

  During a power demand, the voltage output is reduced by 5. yix/g4avvw9 f 7/nyo+0%. By what percentage is t4+ y7/yvv xwiga9fon/he power on a resistor affected?

  A current that is sinus*qx)okhdal ;6 t2vmap*nh 1 *zoidal with respect to time is referred to as

  Consider two copper wires each carrying a current of 3.0 A. One 2z-nc.p92-tf6* sa pyvbzc b xoj.23wj njsr6wire has twice the diameter of the6 3crt2f- ns.bc.jwz-*vnx9pba22 yj jz so6p other. The ratio of the drift velocity in the smaller diameter wire to that in the larger diameter wire is

  Materials in which th n9qlgz -iqerix (01j)vocys;p-.-;bm 1u tcue resistivity becomes essentially zero at very low temperatures are rquz;lo-b.(0 eincvg rj u-p1qt-;scy 1)9ixmeferred to as

  What current is flowing if 0.67 C z c4jxj k7ed7wr: v0zlcn0/(x of charge pass a point in 0.30 s?

  A charge of 12 C pas(94xxg.0 7i cf l9ic6gsq i6a vow-ibzses through an electroplating apparatus in 2.0 min. What is the averzii7ias0cx66vgbf co4 - w(il .qx 99gage current?

  How much charge must pass by a point in 10 s for the current to bn, o-q4z rpxj 2wvn93ce 0.50 A?

  A total of $2.0 \times 10^{13} \; protons$ pass a given point in 15 s. What is the current?

  What current is flowingu4u2vzllxuk 4e. 6ry9 if $4.0 \times 10^{16} \; electrons$ pass a point in 0.50 s?

  If $3.0 \times 10^{15} \; electrons$ flow through a section of a wire of diameter 2.0 mm in 4.0 s, what is the current in the wire?

  A coffee maker, which draws uprx w6,gn ;cv+b:c k*13.5 A of current, has been left on for 10 min. What is the net number of electrons that have passed through the coffee maker?px*ncb wur 6: +,vgkc;

  In an electroplating process, it is desg (avheswc a(4,iaa*+ g;oz,emh)b 0 qired to deposit 40 mg of silver on a metal part by using a current of 2.0 A. How long ;a0zhe) (miv ghg,4 +b*c,q(ws eaaoamust the current be allowed to run to deposit this much silver? (The silver ions are singly charged, and the atomic weight of silver is 108.)

  What potential difference is required to g e oym(8/frj4cause 4.00 A to flow through a resistanceoy 4(fmre8/ jg of 330 W?

  What is the voltage across a 5.0-W resistor if the current t)f3cr(acv y tbr6lu+ fa s6e4)hrough it is 5.0 A?

  A 4000-W resistor is connected across 220 Vfvlc*fm l( 3e( p)(nyw:2y yan. What current will flow?

  A light bulb operating at 1a8pw;w uu ynp0rd1l1r94l :fk10 V draws 1.40 A of current. What is its resistance?np 1yu84f0lad lwwk1:u r9;pr

  A 12-V battery is connected to a 10kmz:zw. nvn w/ +g/m9g0-W resistor. How many electrons flow through thewzg .z gm9m/nw+v:n/k wire in
1.0 min?

  What is the resistance of 1.0 m copper wire of diameter 0.40 inch? (The 7bil ojgu92a3resistivity of clo 9jb7u a2i3gopper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  What is the resistance of a 3ed u/q1 r 2aboc5(sjicircular rod 1.0 cm in diameter and 45 m long, if the resisteicba1/r3j5 (ousqd 2ivity is $1.4 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$?

  What length of copper bl6/- l(orf7 wqn )vikwire (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) of diameter 0.15 mm is needed for a total resistance of $15 \; \Omega$?

  A 120-m long copper wire (resistivity tjsqh7f,,r+ t$1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) has resistance $6.0 \; \Omega$. What is the diameter of the wire?

  A 1.5-cm square rod, 4.0 m long, measuro7l5 hm rps pow79juix;;9lbhx8n6n;es 0.040 ohms. What is its resistivity?

  Calculate the curren/6m/u/ t+t7r c8h ceomkhtvfo (,p.d(n hd2prt through a 10.0-m long 22 gauge (the radius is 0.321 mm) nichrome wire if it is connected to a 7pn2th/tpf/mo ,c+hcue hrrd( (. vo6/md8 tk12.0-V battery. (The resistivity of nichrome is $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  A heavy bus bar is 20 cm lonz avosassr::((, pc/wg and of rectangular cross-section, 1.0 cm x 2.0 cm. What is the voltage drop along its length when it carrasoapc(v / z ,(r:s:wsies 4000 A? (The resistivity of copper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \Omega \cdot m$)

  A 1.0-m length of nichrome wire has a radius of 0.50 mm and a resistivity oih 3 bngh b+3fgan) g26xv4h-vf $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$. If the wire carries a current of 0.50 A, what is the voltage across the wire?

  A 1.0-mm diameter copper wire (resijdrs xmp7 i49x ew+w)0stivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) carries a current of 15 A. What is the potential difference between two points 100 m apart?

  A carbon resistor has a restev/ct4)yli wu l :u,v4o 78qaistance of $18 \Omega$ at a temperature of $20 ^{\circ}C$. What is its resistance at a temperature of $120 ^{\circ}C$? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for carbon is $-5.0 \times 10^{-4} /^{\circ}C$.)

  The temperature coefficient of uw/gnk -zr0t1 resistivity of platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$. If a platinum wire has a resistance of R at room temperature ($23 ^{\circ}C$), to what temperature must it be heated in order to double its resistance to 2R?

  A platinum wire is used to determineu,bqhw vq d vbq4:/ xezb4f9-yk5y;/t the melting point of indium. The resistancwbb/4x /;4df,5qev hyztq qub- vk:y9e of the platinum wire is $2.000 \; \Omega$ at $20 ^{\circ}C$ and increases to $3.072 \; \Omega$ as indium starts to melt. What is the melting point of indium? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$.)

  5.00 A is flowing througkx1jd)b c.nj r9r6d,y h an $10.0 \; \Omega$ resistor. How much power is being dissipated?

  A 110-V hair dryer is rated at 1200 iq/h-;qiif/ kW. What current will it draw?

  A 150-W light bulb running on 110 V draws how much current(b 9pc hi:4rj(hp6p3 cephyt 5?

  What is the nominal resistafpt64h4(j9dv yvyq:* irfxf/nce of a 100-W light bulb designed to be used in a 12yfvq6 :drf/i9*hj 44f(xvp yt 0-V circuit?

  A toaster is rated 800 W at 120 V. What is the re*2pmj:7.pc bz : 8sphb deg;fisistance of its heating elemen7.pcg8 ; mjdh: z i:fpp*2bebst?

  A 200-W resistor is r k(sgeh -vn3a0ated at $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum current it can draw?

  A 200-W resistor is rated at k-*:cm *lyofm$1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum voltage?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If it (v75o box.rkjq -.xaais used at 120 V, what current does it draw?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If it is used at 120 V, what 3.g(0+yzpkzse i v3u )awn9bs is its resistance?

  A 25-W soldering iron runs on 110 V. What is i mbysw-rc9qp-2 :n/q wts resistance?

  How much does it cost to operate a 25-W soldering iron for 8.0 hours, if ener7- iici71jo hqgy costs 7-jiqcoi ih17 $0.08/kWh?

  How much energy does a 1y(2fa/uyf jx0:whz: dhog a( ;00-W light bulb use in 8.0 hours?

  A 1500-W heater is connected to a 120-V line for 2.0 hourxc 3u6 phkn,e*s. How much heat energy is3*x u6eh cp,nk produced?

  A battery is rated at 12 V and 160 A-h. How ;boxufa+352gzk * uw pmwv)2d much energy does the battery store?x+u5* )2gpd23uw;amwf v b okz

  How much energy does a 25-W soldering ironds sr+at;q yupt cq09. (ei62f use in 8.0 hours?

  A 100-W driveway light bulb is on 10 hours per+bzka5: gpy vtbsr8p3vs5 :e 4o4;zyj2:ms fj day. Assuming the power company charges 10 cents for each kilowatt-hour of electricity used, estimate the annual costssb:j;8tvg 5r ksy vp:z4+ 4p3:abf2e oj m5zy to operate the bulb.

  A 400-W computer (computer plus monitor) is turned on 8.0 hours per du vv hlc8w1d9/ay. If electricity costs 10 cents per kWh, how much /ldcu9v w18vh does it cost to run the computer annually?

  The monthly (30 days) electric bill included the cost of rud5q 1,qxwquf kfofp 95p o;ulp2r2 44ynning a central air-conditioning unit for 2.0 hr/day at 5000 W, and a series connection of ten 60 W light bulbs for 5.0 hr/day. How much did these items contribu95x42pf5u; pwpfrl,uoo f2q14 yqqdkte to the cost of the monthly electric bill if electricity costs 8.0 cents per kWh?

  The heating element in an electric drier operates on 240 V and generatesw1e yrm3.ig q/wd1l +u2lf3kd heat at the rate of 2.1 kW. The heating element shorts out and, in repairing it,wu3 . lw1rg/fl3e+ky dmid2 q1 the owner shortens the Nichrome wire by 10%. (Assume the temperature is unchanged. In reality, the resistivity of the wire will depend on its temperature.) What effect will the repair have on the power dissipated in the heating element?

  14 A of current flows throu46 0xu djyre/qgh $8.0 \; \Omega$ resistor for 24 hours. How much does this cost if energy costs $0.09/kWh?

  A 9.0-V battery costs ;chi23 :im1bid(cc xa9hhv 7icc4 +im $1.49, and will run a portable CD player for 6.0 hours. Suppose the battery supplies a current of 25 mA to the player. What is the cost of energy in dollars per kWh?

  A motor that can do work at the rate of 2.0 hpfjhk h/owjm lli:7089 has 60% efficiency. How much currjk7j0f:9o h/ 8ilwlh ment does it draw from a 120-V line? ($1 \; hp = 746 \; W$)

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power source. What rms currqh308pke qiq2s zk-w dcr1*t)ent flows through this devdk)2tz p w3q0r*eihkc1 -8qs qice?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power source. What peak x dencg9fq(m,(;3yo c current flows through this devi mc(gxn e,fc3d9q(oy;ce?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac d3l1 vm ;/l (efi1olftkxk16jpower source. What is the peak voltage acrkmkf l6d;v1t el( ix31l/jo1foss this device?

  The diameter of a copper kzcvkr,nx. by;u09e8 wire is 0.081 inch. The maximum safe current it can carry (in order to prevent fire danger in building construction) is 20 A. At this current, what is the drift velocity of the electrons? (The number of electron carriers in onun8k 9ry.bxzk0ce;v, e cubic centimeter of copper is $8.5 \times 10^{22}$.)