A device that produces electricity by transforming chemicaq;n 2zip :;*qx-tiyudvn)(yal energy into electrical energy is cazqx v a;uqp*-;)dy in iny2:t(lled a

  A car battery

  The total amount of charge that passeh us v d6b96t1*la,gzps through a wire's full cross section at any point per unit of time is r619ztbgdpl,v us*a 6 heferred to as

  The direction of conventi*se5t8j:kt j hon current is taken to be the direction that

  A coulomb per second is thex b5gsde/m3h ev/mj9+ same as

  Car batteries are rated in "amp-hours." This is a measurep9n4 a(n e18axttx1 sj of their

  The resistance of a wire is define)xed)1t j; );czxqrso:jk-8+ c ofruvd as

  What is $1 \; \Omega$ equivalent to?

  The resistance of a w6dc xr ihg sil;( .3r/2e4c0o:ez felnire is

  The resistivity of a wire depends9n)cr4 . 7ta:,n brhhbjvec9q on

  Which conducting material has the lowest reg6m6cca n7ux0 sistivity value?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length of the othedhao5. ucbz08/i ho s.coon :0r. How do the resistivities of these tnco:ub./o8zco5hs 0 .ida h0 owo wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length of the otherr vid+a8uy5 rc,vw-5k . How do the resistanceivvy, 8rkurw- d+a5c5s of these two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twicef26a reu 6e3wqt8;p w7 ol*vuy jg5gz1 the cross-sectional area of the other. How do the resizef w8 5uuv;g2rwet1y6g p a36jlq*o7stances of these two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length and twi7tn0jifg( ;:/ x jkwzj(sk11eh1waou ce the cross-sectional area of the other. How do the resf(twu(11ij/o g;z0 a j17jkxknw he s:istances of these two wires compare?

  The length of a wire is bc9udlk -3/hedoubled and the radius is doubled. By what factor does the resid 93cu-/hbe lkstance change?

  How much more resistance does awnw m:ov nfix 8d1zd-p64y,o- 1.0 cm diameter rod have compared to a 2.0 cm diameter rod of the same length and mndy 4n,8zpfwwi xm -odvo16-:ade of the same material?

  The resistivity of most common b2 jbm,2.j72 vagwidg metals

  Negative temperature coefc1yfp8 utm3l +zxpi4;/w3 z.j6t aqbl ficients of resistivity

  What is 1 W equivalenjtg87taqk 37 1 3vbxbit to?

  A kilowatt-hour is equivalent tosys6 0l4l /uxs

  If the resistance in a constant voltage circuit is doubled, the power dissipatex8smf d)z6viz-lk13m1iz, u-g cjh*f d by that circuit c dx8 ,j6 3-i-u*zzfvlhmi)gfz1m 1skwill

  If the voltage across a circuit of constant resistance is doubled, the poy,g -z(o1syvhwer dissiphs yv,gyoz1 -(ated by that circuit will

  If the resistance in a circuit with constant current flowing is d,xa6pwg s+3tqo*2 tsdoubled, the power di2p,6t*s agd t qow3x+sssipated by that circuit will

  If the current flowing through a circuit of conta +/b0zfudjl 4s7tfhq0cdlqc74 2v d y9n ,.cstant resistance is doubled, the ycnu ljl2,dtz. 0t04df7c/ad 4 hbfsqq9+cv7power dissipated by that circuit will

  During a power demand, 2dq )l .gg+zfhcko.yi7p7y r3the voltage output is reduced by 5.0%. By what percentage is thei hrykozd p g. 77g+.2)cqfyl3 power on a resistor affected?

  A current that is sinusoidal with respe0ae0/is g0p 70qjktkpct to time is referred to as

  Consider two copper wires each carrying a current of 3.0 A. 1*lg4bj pyg gc*umw-)One wire has twice the diameter of the other. The ratio of the drift velocity in the smaller diameter wire to that in the larger diam* jpw4uc1-blyg* gg) meter wire is

  Materials in which the resistivity becomes essentialv+j8pvv m/yjc8p(f 1nly zero at very low temperatures arpnc8p( vm+ 1/j8fyjv ve referred to as

  What current is flowing if jd4 trhnt1w4qjh - x)4soz(d,.jx 8rk0.67 C of charge pass a point in 0.30 s?

  A charge of 12 C passes through an electroplating apparatus in 2.0 mi;rf qvz ; z1mh6el)aks ;lzz96* euvl*n. What is the avzeql1z6 6 vr9;);az;m* z fehvs*klluerage current?

  How much charge must pass by a point in 10 s for the current to be 0.50jjymyu,-a 37 q A?

  A total of $2.0 \times 10^{13} \; protons$ pass a given point in 15 s. What is the current?

  What current is flowing ifq(7h us dlwa6ck3 w0+s $4.0 \times 10^{16} \; electrons$ pass a point in 0.50 s?

  If $3.0 \times 10^{15} \; electrons$ flow through a section of a wire of diameter 2.0 mm in 4.0 s, what is the current in the wire?

  A coffee maker, which d8((x b0bl ,8jwpkll vns,qo o0e-piy9raws 13.5 A of current, has been left on for 10 min. What is the net number of electrons that have passed through thi0bs,8bpxj -lnw(,o9qk( 08 vpellyoe coffee maker?

  In an electroplating process, it is desired to deposit 40 mg of silver on a mealem8f/t6v j vi7ig 49tal part by using a current of 2.0 A. How long must the current be allowed to run to altvj i8i4e 7/6 9fmgvdeposit this much silver? (The silver ions are singly charged, and the atomic weight of silver is 108.)

  What potential difference is reo0*k6 ix czv3kquired to cause 4.00 A to flow through a resistance of*v3 x kzoc06ik 330 W?

  What is the voltage across a 5.0-W re+ pnjj,*n9umkwo -+lka9b s3psistor if the current through it is 5.0 A?

  A 4000-W resistor is connected across 220 V.c:,hw5 :rhnfux.2qp qap e:8gkqzd30 What current will flow?

  A light bulb operating at 11g0j( fz:ix : nx0,z)iyokw.tyxdna98 0 V draws 1.40 A of current. What is its resistance, 0:n:n(xi o iy .fyzadwx)k89xtzg0j ?

  A 12-V battery is connected to a 100-W f+w.x/x 7ch(wvby ;utresistor. How many electrons flow through /.7v fu;(c xbh+xt wywthe wire in
1.0 min?

  What is the resistance of5z 8a vggs; f7:jtgyvfyc y/60 1.0 m copper wire of diameter 0.40 inch? (The resistivity of cov 5 yfjfc /gz; gv0y8:6gtsa7ypper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  What is the resistance of a circular rod 1.0 cm in diametzcs108bk27d m sir2gl er and 45 m long, if the resisticrz2 k l2 i71dm80sbgsvity is $1.4 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$?

  What length of copper wire (r +eyg0br8hf9w esistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) of diameter 0.15 mm is needed for a total resistance of $15 \; \Omega$?

  A 120-m long copper wir b3l rj/-gr*ey2 (irdre (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) has resistance $6.0 \; \Omega$. What is the diameter of the wire?

  A 1.5-cm square rod, 4.0 m long, measures 0.040 ohms. What is its resistiybt7 h xc7py6,vity?

  Calculate the current through a 10.0-ms 4u -avp.k f1ttc7hk6f.f2bu long 22 gauge (the radius is 0.321 mm) nichrome wire if it is connected to a 12.0-1u.f4 t -2f. hv7f6ckkubpstaV battery. (The resistivity of nichrome is $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  A heavy bus bar is 20 cm long and of rectangular cross-section, 1.0 0siubff* vhb2i0 o;9ycm x 2.0 cm. What is the voltage drop along itsofi*s u09 ;h02fby bvi length when it carries 4000 A? (The resistivity of copper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \Omega \cdot m$)

  A 1.0-m length of nichroxl ; il,wo7uc7g;k+xgme wire has a radius of 0.50 mm and a resistivity of $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$. If the wire carries a current of 0.50 A, what is the voltage across the wire?

  A 1.0-mm diameter co* e:-81oi :-gxrdt fq oxfnh6upper wire (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) carries a current of 15 A. What is the potential difference between two points 100 m apart?

  A carbon resistor has a remhsk3 z4:(z 6,3wmunf7 tb ojxsistance of $18 \Omega$ at a temperature of $20 ^{\circ}C$. What is its resistance at a temperature of $120 ^{\circ}C$? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for carbon is $-5.0 \times 10^{-4} /^{\circ}C$.)

  The temperature coefficient5: ca cc sy.7(f3owqtq of resistivity of platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$. If a platinum wire has a resistance of R at room temperature ($23 ^{\circ}C$), to what temperature must it be heated in order to double its resistance to 2R?

  A platinum wire is used to determine the mhb/:e d u.xl*f ukv5s-elting point of indium. The resistance ofb-sxel5 :k ud/f* .hvu the platinum wire is $2.000 \; \Omega$ at $20 ^{\circ}C$ and increases to $3.072 \; \Omega$ as indium starts to melt. What is the melting point of indium? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$.)

  5.00 A is flowing th0acp2 42tad;w l*aoed rough an $10.0 \; \Omega$ resistor. How much power is being dissipated?

  A 110-V hair dryer is rated at 1200 W. e+m-sq2i4w tz 1+xjvz b3k6ghsvi 7o3What current will it draw?

  A 150-W light bulb running o8jp-r0(o hqx3 giqcd7 n 110 V draws how much current?

  What is the nominal resistance of a 100-W light bulb designedt8b-m uq,v1ek /i6utk to be used in a 120vb8-u1iet qu6k ,m t/k-V circuit?

  A toaster is rated 800 W at 120 V. What is the resi6 w388klk a,djktd9hj1c on/r+c an0istance of its heating element?8/nhdkw j rjcl9o+ika301kt6,an8c d

  A 200-W resistor is r+7ahsfx1j )frated at $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum current it can draw?

  A 200-W resistor is rated ub+yn) q0gab)at $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum voltage?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If it ivrgf5/syj64 *ill/ hws used at 120 V, what current does it draw?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb6ay 4wb8p-mmj+3l jfh. If it is used at 120 V, what is its resistance?

  A 25-W soldering iron runs on 110 V. What is its resistqrepl4bx y1on;m pv uy8a8 3-)8kf- ouance?

  How much does it cost to operate a 25uq8-muvwj/m d.m i7+ z-W soldering iron for 8.0 hours, if energy cost jq wmmv8/m7+diuz-.u s $0.08/kWh?

  How much energy does a 100-W libzy:2zzu 3ro( 9 ao /hke:wzp*ght bulb use in 8.0 hours?

  A 1500-W heater is connected to a 12o+* f+k4s f/hm3 zpnbw0-V line for 2.0 hours. How much heat energy is pr4mb/ownk fh+z *sf 3p+oduced?

  A battery is rated at 12 V and 160 A-h. How much energy does the batterytc:d5j-x0a c z store? c:xd50t j-caz

  How much energy does a 25-W soldering iron use in 8.0 hou+j,3m)b3lc+fxh bd ci rs?

  A 100-W driveway light bulb is on 10 c) 2jap*ylvg .iaqjm cr (5u*shxd(90hours per day. Assuming the power company charges 10 cents for each kilowatt-h5l()jycu2 pq* ricsg9v xa*h.(j 0damour of electricity used, estimate the annual cost to operate the bulb.

  A 400-W computer (cof7qvso7uql; z56gr ( bmputer plus monitor) is turned on 8.0 hours per day. If electricity costs 10 cents per k 7bs5u7qzq;v6lr o g(fWh, how much does it cost to run the computer annually?

  The monthly (30 days) electric bill included the cost of running a central aiay n o*eagv* +-(nmi qdxo8 x 06w.aldydw(/(cr-conditioning unit for 2.0 hr/day at 5000 W, and a series connection of ten 60 W light bulbs for 5.0 hr/da ad6lye 8yx(m iq*n /dc (vwxg*.+-d(nwaa0ooy. How much did these items contribute to the cost of the monthly electric bill if electricity costs 8.0 cents per kWh?

  The heating element in an electric drier operates on 240 V and generates heat at j fk ).uu7d/chhc+fx- the rate of 2.1 kW. The heating element shorts out and, in repairing it, the owner shortens the Nichrome wire by 10%. (Assume the temperature is unchanged. In reality, the resistivity of the wire will depend on its temperature.) What effect will kxcjhcf/u -d.7uh f+)the repair have on the power dissipated in the heating element?

  14 A of current flows through ; 4.8 s;crldaqyxc jb:$8.0 \; \Omega$ resistor for 24 hours. How much does this cost if energy costs $0.09/kWh?

  A 9.0-V battery costs xy/x 8u8b-8(ei6af0 x b0b/yzdtrgpu$1.49, and will run a portable CD player for 6.0 hours. Suppose the battery supplies a current of 25 mA to the player. What is the cost of energy in dollars per kWh?

  A motor that can do work at tru-bnwjigu9 1j3 cc57u 7-ag whe rate of 2.0 hp has 60% efficiency. How much current-37g7 rub 1ig5 nuju -9jcawcw does it draw from a 120-V line? ($1 \; hp = 746 \; W$)

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac pmxarx8vu jj i4 *lk4wn+u2d)*ower source. What rms current flows through trjx*8 +ik4m *2n dxl)uw jv4auhis device?

  A 500-W device is connx32:w mgzl9byk*3fg, osw3yt n -rom 6ected to a 120-V ac power source. What peak current flows through this devi y9on-l 3g zoy 3fgtxwr*k :3,26smbmwce?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power source. What i sb+bym 490w0:ni+f:d;mndkay n )m::ly sakos the peak voltage across thislsymm4: yb i:k)d+nn00f o;9kbywa: +dn:asm device?

  The diameter of a copper wire is 0.081 inch. Thc8 ,lyg, oxj ,yjfiw2xz4 e qp-(t)h0ne maximum safe current it can carry (in order to prevent fire danger in building construction) is 20 A. At this current, what is the drift velocity of the electrons? (The numy,h x 4 w ljf2)znq,j-i8eoxpg0ct,y(ber of electron carriers in one cubic centimeter of copper is $8.5 \times 10^{22}$.)