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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has1g 1lr8yfe/(2 o yhqxol)splw/8h/ hk no windows, radios, or other means for you to obse /l2)lwrhfokpy lso/ ghhy /(x8e81q1rve or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was de ll. 4ws-7qgmhgfm c-v *9jcj2signed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results * yr7vuo bj3cpd,e5 zvj4.t.s of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if ycxir(n c+4v1 v 0wci3,ucfvv ,ou use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prin :5 pbo9c;vdimciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions eux , nx *f:* 63qsqq5s0h)iol 1yizxaof Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativok l 9t7,i rg6hsq.7ibenk.4 hity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in n/4+, f s lzfv7uy/12etdgbsoformulating the special theory of relativity was thatelsy/nzuf1g/d bv ,os2 + 7f4t the laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of spec7s9+ tr;g1zice go4 svln 2.gqial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of specip m q6mju-k(8kgkt2e 0al relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate whixn65ssj o(hnj 0 2mxbp:ix +(xle in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you woulds nim0sj: (b52j o+pxxx(x6nh find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mlazp /tg 2t3a.+(x bpmoving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definedqve,)o*(v ;ogyc9 oc5akp8r q as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very ho,k ii2 nl0jzg pn1 7ggo1e3.xigh speed to a distant star and back again, while thi2jxo3g0glz ieg11 n7o,n k.pe other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observerl)yw6*q d cmbn*uu51w , a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction y/xg0j.h. e ddparallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of thi/dde. . gyjh0xs object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lengtt 3wfb9qq+a, q/le*nnh with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this objec*eqn9fnqw, bqa/tl+3t, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speeo2f9 wix; dfh z*q64etd of light, the mass of the particie6oft; hwxq 9fd *2z4le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of lighuf(bxrq/ )cm sn0vj08t, the momentum of the particx0c80/qjvsrb nm)( u fle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As itis34h .ueplek;g vw 95ztx ;h lux*):7cpu( lh passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From thiswv3)z*lhx;lc45.7 t:leuph(9euk ;hx sg iup measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton .gtg5nsl( xt-when its relativistic mass do5s ttxl.g(-n gubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic e:51s)dx1 zfc c1ebrkd cyjp02 nergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic1 d0j:k z1)x2r1fecb yd5cscp mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mfqkh8ixw8r y) .xl+ b)ass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each travelinv:vmiydvu z,ouq 8- )+g at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is appo:+iyvv du-u8 z, )qvmroaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's wt2;kt. 7 - fgqb2)eh3heedt cframe of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you.enhyg( 5ys+m2 ya6 2sj(gnqm would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still waterfq2b/l2h( lcark;a 0z. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowir0l / f2zk lq2(bah;acng at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relm smmtm bs5v z9t/9o*;/pgr7 zative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.*ms/ttb5 7 /m9 o r;zv9msmzgp0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wiawj 9966 yedxhth what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat isjwh6 96xady9e heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if itda8ob0b zl:rd6r/ n(c crr;2r op)s1c is to be observed by a stationary observer as ruo0pc srr dc:)(2zbdbaor 1;8cnr/ r6lnning at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hoe 3mzu*m4ycb4py c,nr80xs+ zurs according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed 4 ecnyycz*+up,mbzsmr0x38 4 on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtneyec0 -wl9z rh 0ko,dd:eb+mnt ., are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away fcz:0m9de,bel 0+ko.hr d -ntwrom Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for :cx5kv/ bj(m dd0,gqu30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the : q,ucdgb0vxm dj5/(kEarth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length+q2cjm u q)-m9srdmb) ?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket shu6+:a j dmcyfm/h7w6bip have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary ohyb: dmam7 wfc+6/6 jubject)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when *3o,szaee z p4of6cp8it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appez *4ef,os6pzap eo 83car to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system r7nk 0h+n7v+f m mfoh5is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels t+0k+vfofnmmh77 n r5h oward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whizv rys;7 k.1ef coef86ch is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relativcsfe1yz6vfro 8k ;e7.e to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Ce49 gy -wxivnqs;4-,misxyda2ntauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward tx;,iw-gnqs i9ax2 sm v- dy44yhe star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its . 7qw+(u s2mrhad yx7hmass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mas )w;rjzq kmtihza4gk2 .jb1 60s?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.yg (i qqciff.s210qz96 c, then your mass will incz9q ii. q2f cf(s0g1qyrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumn ,sgk4yp d . r96tjatwe57(xp in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elementd1a,3.*yahe fk1 fs ya loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of maue,z p*;r9nmxterial was lost during a reactix n*r;pm u9ze,on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to twof nox2y4j4 :thk1w *x9ozqq,o kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in +kaoc 8 fzp/i31945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energ poa3+cf8/ik zy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What jrx: tp*--h ebis the speed of the pro h*e:t-xbrpj- ton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy oz-ks5j5s/vro+ madp +resh 302 /5l hbphey:s f a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum in y+se3meb52 hsr z+rhka p:d ps-sv/5olhj0/5$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaczmfya* . pc-/ordqe94tion in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost duringbybpm:o) 04dm a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a st6wyw lg /-9sapeed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accf4ax u - w;bncq0rp)-rtqc 12kelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of0r fc t2c4r1wub -np)q-a qxk; 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 0 5tebl k-f1j3jawh.b$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated1vgb0ev wohswn:t9- y9pe28 kw9a 6x d through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its agy9e19w9 8e0w6d2poh- n xs:btvvkwrest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away b1. *ra) ah/l2 qo(z0rnaezr jfrom the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from 1jr(/ 02br r n*zzaqhela)o. athe Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space 6zb;ysr ipwi qf,)-/z at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed direc)sb6-z iwrp;yz,/ fiqtly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traaocmv 581gckhn7w/ qzm, bugsf (+)u2veling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of c2gm 1k8qu( )5 /avg7 cwzmfs,onhbu+ the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The sp. 0odw xw zxcw glcub97sv-120aceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by obxdw79xoc w w cul.2-1b0sv0g zservers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away-+qcwenil z- 4 from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile withc e-iq+w4 -lzn a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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