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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaces) 6f-;p9lcdv: j8lvflq yh6 qjhip that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wis:ff -vvjdqqcp 986l 6ly) l;hjh to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to+j/9 x8 q cj1uz7hx.ggj,t3y 3)mq9mha zrogw measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morleyq1tm adrz+0d 5hn(a6j concluded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferw /:l xfyo3fl,-ly/ xfometer yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prin5ga dq*b 63 6oiqfkx9fciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of r vsk pnxi5lk w3,n3di24gk;4 Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special re6ek4crcryzi/6 r3s nm:znsy:ye(-0zlativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating tm sq4 nx4;g,xthe special theory of relativity was that the laws of physicsxxq ,snmt4 g4; are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of 4 xbb(j, abd ,sp21frzspecial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of speciv3;f zurcqrd:ky:gmro + 2.ja8*0 p tfal relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse ;adsp3j8 :5y 0 rlzfn(n wvz)nrate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed n()ay jd8nlprz; 03swzv 5n:fof light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationaryh:n v 2(bnfmgrayxg/*by-7 3r observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definn qi tj-ch5x4y;ej,4q ed as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes af0r+knu h33x:wdf e7d ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that tdk3he0w3dxf +f7 nu: rhe astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a statiow+ok3u-zdwx / nary observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a dir4cb, fzcmf s4sj4v4( nection parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of t ,vcnbjm(4 f4fczs4s4 his object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction paralt jt m)/m-)yza:mh/d glel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary m -htj /y)/tzmamg)d:observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches ,-lgx,vmhh0akd)k (s the speed of light, the mass of the particm hlk0ghsk )(va-dx,, le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of ligo;v1 ou5p;xgoht, the momentum of the parupgooo1;5;v xticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, y v .ul yu3z;fall4v5 6asne a1+uvz:0j:xe3aqou measure its length at one-hafxve6eula : z5zs4aul ;av+a1nj3.vu y3 :q0llf its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy projt k( *v7g v696mmeupvel,5y8d b evt0ton when its relativistic mass du y7 vtp08k6 jt(me5lve6,e vdm9*vgboubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of1e g+b.c:-h ysmmfnsyz y08-f a speedy proton when its relativis+fm1 nym .0c8fy:-e-bhzsygs tic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of azwvl. ym3 ob.s v/);imass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A m/du79jww6 q4t aui u;lw6g *aonq e:.is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for mqu9:uaulg. *tj/ owd; w6 n7wi64aqethis velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on ) t 0;si2 5r/twylkhmdthe observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your space fffgv,s+q ( )(i8q)fui9 fncjship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative:h w up+vpc.05w , td9ft-cbanw1ees1 to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is headingfa b wcvu s0-,5hc 9t 1en:wpdtwe.p+1 upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative t nzuc6vdo-lk :m3:f5 un;;rmqo the shore, lo;u3uzkcv -nq6r dn::mm;5f does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s inu25f lz5 zwu4b still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight 54u l zbu5wzf2across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to;a(05hj:*gtwcd iqya be observed by a stationary observer as running at ongj w (h*i;a5 :ycd0tqae-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10ud:wo+di81m ap7fb pcf /v0 ,k hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsei pf7,o8 p b1vaku mddc:f+/0wd on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initiaept-oa w :*xddzvgy z* xj7;c6)j3k9ylly 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Eartho3ypx ;k dx 6z:9* 7-jcjge d*)tayzvw at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother ta ogxv3/*ln*y xkes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother*xv/* gol3y xn?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is mov( kiz 3k9beh5fws,+cling toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to mo2ixg37s/x*k y lq-qbm ve to contract to half of its proper length (as observedg2bqxx* 7ki3qsy m/l - by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spn:/-m2u he qu ;sx+w9vu wasr: r40weqaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what; x9rnuqqw/a:u-+w 4 0evrsw2um :seh length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaurmv pkmp0-74 ;gr/ycyri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship /rkm704-rcpy pgmyv ;with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system vk. ej ;bd.x4pis Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relapjvd 4 xk.;b.etive to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whir5zjun+n7r2 m ch is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapnruj 5r2n 7+mzse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The y6 s5pfv8bjwd)krh. 8rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice *qifv)lu o9hn 5+lx1n its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from vumb979j( vldz,h5fc l,z4ym0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incre m7u9 d,mzjz4v c(fh9lbl,y 5vase by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum i0y3z lk 3;s by3cei:brn $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elfbbq0;3w nj m3ement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a rea w02zdv9ru.5a/e iff v 88kt; wz6utmwction?8zwutk tf e u ;50w9fv.v /wardi8mz62

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two u jmt: n2s2o/xkilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people ;db9ga6i63i. ex k.gvcbr:qi, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was ib 9d6kqrg3.iega.:;x i cbv6 converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What--xmwuv- g)dg apo76yxa571oh7c u nz/o3w ow is the speed of the p d wvpgha/7wou o -o- 573)wy7xn-6aouxg cm1zroton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its totqwzbr7g6p.a7 rq r 9 rh6i:t+fal energy. What is the momentum in r. q7z r ptfbg66r7hwqr+9:ai$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is releas)f7 wwc*qtti2gn 5-s ced (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during7r;ln-pb8n7;(ybtqfy+ /bkp g- +zn t fr6btx a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moviy48w9 xw k(wa2f)dmua ng with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelera q+j;qbkv k5/hte one kilogram of mass from rest toq+k kqvh5b;/ j a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, pg)xgic)k9 mfb) h;n7$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what fa: si:rw +cli,um 4qq6ector has its mass increased with respect to its rest mas: rqm6qulcs 4ew,i:+i s?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling awjbe+*vz f3 r nf3j8kig 2h7dxq2gx 3-qay from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed ox fq32r*3qj3je 2 b d8xg-k 7v+inzghff light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative tab 7m;*uieiy:u 31cyaioz8zasr3m47. st3 s do the Earth. If the ships are heyc: izsasramu oiamb17e*8; z4dy 33tui 7s3.aded directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed tr6t w8u;k/ 3*bn z y8by2ctioof 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the hea 8ttw/;c 2*yk83n6toizr buybdlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away *(f wncjvdu +6from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0jd (fn6*c+v wu.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a spehsjnhxj v+sry:j/ . j 6c+6ku(ed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observs(.j xr/vh+j+h nu6jy6 :j sckers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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