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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that ,.sqgejfg82q2r r3 d7 e* jmmno3prglb)6i t0has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at copber,ej7q.r2l*d8jo m 3gm02gstr6 )igf3 q nnstant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to mel3eotn:9e bc 9 (r1c(xpa :fxwasure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results o59y(cwbq; u 3fgtb mn7f their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself c*;h5xacb5dl p q jtfz06l+p4if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principli v b(jue0:31 a /qvqbi:jjw2re.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilea8u7 u6:,mx .is xevxgyn-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relatia9r89a4fsuhnulfftze42 l 4; vity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special the5d z/ccsho7ns:dd 3 f-yr(ed.4am.d j5g*smeory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same insa/5fgn. dd :ysdm5dscche4o3mdz* 7je .r-( reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relatixf,y:rc(xh8vxg/7. fqrpckz: ) 3 bwkvity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second pos/,w8plslm/jawk vrnbus)5 , 6tulate of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in fqdi7 y93)zkla spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was9k iz 3dyqf)l7

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observuzu d/:bnb 99fer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defineba v4ykl )y; mztb53s2y6.cb0 qh5cdkd as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at afs :z(/z1gd bg very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth pr(1s g:/gdfbz zedicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a ktf ;fxd0muhex8 7 g,0+ceb.r moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length0m*,mgl1f9fzvw9urfb 4 i zj a7*bk -z with a velocity that approaches the velo4mfbiza*l97 b*,- vzgm0 19wjurfzfk city of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with x)hc68o pcrg ;a velocity that approaches the velocity of l8xgc6 hp) ;coright. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of thz 7)e erl(ggg tna/.o/e partic. lga(ezgntg/ e7o )/rle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of6*n1;nhv:ycisidl0 m light, the momentum of the particle0c *y:nn si6;hvmd1li

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speerjya / 47h3s.x/lbiso)c or 9dd. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must bsolh /ydi rsa.9x/r3 4bjo) 7ce

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy o*w/p3ynrsp(z 1jasa9f a speedy proton when its relativistic mass do* zy3(pr nsajspw 9a/1ubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total .8a0gq va5cbdrelativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativi0c.bd 5aqa gv8stic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of masy:m.nr) x *3y+bsrh yk5zw.3m2fxz fz s $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straim;;h.(v+pv 9;ni ji kpf 2wfaught line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun anwk mhp(fv;vu9;pij +n2f ;.iad ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of refe 4.:pu pelx,ywkrw4 b.rence?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would observ/t fne01d*s5 *txep1qx6htfr e

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water ab3aeg)+mcl2 yyc z28. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is ecb22zly+ay gamc ) 83flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, re,ok9epsunzxb 5.z e.*z.x )solative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boa.ze, *s.nsbux5e .z z )opo9kxt is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shor vyi9o c*lzqs9z8i7 ; h1apouu291j nne, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across 8*qs ni1cau 12 lz9;y9opu 9jn7vzoih the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be obse1;4txi(s; * 0rfvabh q:ae.gjd yx-hh rved by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal fhh .i ;- da1:yg4q xehjbs*ra; x(0vtrate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 26v:jb0dvkdgm 7 2nk yhours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.8bv g6 d7y:2km j0vd2kn0c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney cjm3:jqo 1wcryuu 02gm4/z 4a remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns arouq32ozgr/j m4: u0acwm 1u4c yjnd and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a ke:x q98t21)1hi yjfqzyxt q-speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin broqte-2 q9x: 1khztxfyy 8j1i)qther?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.8fgh;d f/zcd l4+nb4)k:ox0pld u4i, p0c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket8l q3 any+fgj.;+mvd d ship have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as obser8 +vfa. ;l+ym3qdjgndved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 5ag*7x l0bkeszqk,r +10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed 7 5k k gzl0absr,*+xeqof 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our sol5b v6hfx5y,g tl0l i0ear system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a consta0vy 5xt0i ,ll5efgh6bnt speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system isq(sb;1uesin ; cu5 k(e Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time wou(bq si1e;u( 5cnsk;e uld elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is* ymtqc/56vd;hds z 98znm: uo 4.30 light years away. A spaceship9hscuyq /*8dzz5:otn mv6d ;m with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c.:ld;lm1c.f ij What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed ofeb*p0qmcs32,je m /vw y*nz0o a proton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c t zv,,3yk:b y:p/yso( rhd gute;a2*slo 0.6 c, then your mass will increase , sg /sulpd ;z:a k,yb:o(2yyrhtve3*by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum + jz*2)vjzoiv-qv*n rin $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elem /uosmb2*g/usbu .bs;ent loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg 1yljbi89b9 llof material was lost during a reactiyl llb8ji9b91 on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilograov zkubz m+*:6m of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, he8 nru f/ve swv zgwm.5n44b)vu,rvo(- lping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent tor4owu(/v.w) fgrs bv-u nv54,nem8v z that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% ofu sex-26zy 5,1mcjvje its total energy. What is the speed of the c5ees,jvuz1 2 x-ymj6proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is7vg b1y3c :gbeesn94 i 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum inieg3sn 9:yb4b1cg 7ev $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a ril qyb( ) ,75ujy x6nz1s)b 2:i6qayvcghz(vseaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost dar207/ru*owk ihvdj:bo/+ m juring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.u, omife(e.o2nhn+/ r 95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelef dxfwtvn- 1 q1u5h;hif2 l5p9rate one kilogram of mass from rest to a ve1f tl5vuxihp fhd 9q;n51 f2-wlocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, wmk0cugk ,y*6jgt r)6nz5: av $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kn/kswk5(s )-b:ca.*:hbhdtd t*dad v V. By what factor has its mass increased with respect b h*tdankb -.t5wv scsd)* (dah: :dk/to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling awa))aw6qrlecv2 i. iuw9 y from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of lighteq)icr w)w96iu2l v a. from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c rel: ,t 3e,rdmcgq7 2*r ,fjrqyeaative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on eithereqj,7, 2c : ,3rrf*a rtymgqed craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.t5bjpnia5lx ikzz6) 4,beb bd4;i6kzi4s 8m8 80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary obsiz6sb48jlptkkz5bix4n i)b;d8me5 4i, z 6ba erver?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away fnc, 28u 5g5xjavo :wmnrom the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the misg5 nxnaw2mj :8vu o5,csile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The wb:iiro6l0b(0y bsk7 spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile meak:(riib0w b bls0 yo76sured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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