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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, r,pmd* lxeb9 ;i9en ,maadios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you d,b9e 9exn*i;ad,m pml o?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to me .v-ar qiz2xz t6y9:ryasure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experimh ierc .kmw(-g0uuaap+:y7)v ;3ankw4y t i h-ent that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yoursel 3o(4t xz h2j6p6x vyaun70smtf if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity np.iu e3q*95dkx vh8 f1adq: jprinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions e ,0koe.rzgh6 of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relat)tg4nai 1tg b.ivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relatfosaax8y(ihsgv6bw.+,n6 qan5 e7b)ivity was that the laws of physics are the same in refere8hg+af xy(san5bab so67v. ienq,w6 ) nce frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativitym(mx,k5 gpd 5ec.w.) 8iz dbhr.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postula:la*wtjzbz9elhb57sa5 ue- f 2-k 4uza) ez4yte of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate whilly - 81c99m.tilzz x)hy5 idtbe in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was. y dcl5)-hxbm i 91z89lyztti

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a m5o- ys nn(9rmud(bh3 goving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is define /uq.z 5 .v)zf5exoppx*yses6d as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling ax 21 8mo*5bc bbi5 /ibauzue+ut a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin thau1zu85 iib5 b+2 axce /bmuob*t remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving o7l c b h1-1flhh*wns5gbject

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction paryg1a06 jcyqu d7 ,ie6 yw2)yltallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measurj, l 1qy6i egydutw7y 62ac)y0ed by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to q/7 bps7r af:sits length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The ls/af7 qp br7s:ength of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of thele;6jdc ic5f:oi0x3kn(w8 7/i vrpoh partico fn k;i8lpwiexro 0i j:vc (hc65d7/3le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches th,uten9rboyi+j /,2sc1zcg 3p e speed of light, the momentum of the pa, y3enc pj r,2c+ u/i9gszb1otrticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by h11ezrtl7b*l f c8 *:t-c65hh qrdxxxyou at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must f1*t rctzxh-e qdl 8h7c*x 15xr:b l6hbe

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic 7w1wej xx7ys o:4yx* :n0vysp mass d e7wx*spyxwj: 0ys47 xo1yv: noubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total rel; vzm 6f zn9s-em cgfby):q*v9ativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistie-f z9q:vmc*fg;)6bs9nmz vyc mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle ofyz*: p 8ogdw f)6o3goz mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships,p3 pn*k:orqp0 each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light cominpo*p pr0q:3nkg from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of rx7 kp eyv, fl)agud0lj7s),;reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you jkzi6 *aqpvg fo71q- 1ct:dm7 would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative y b.2ue8nx4.cb2 rudpto the shore, doe2ycbb re8 .ux2dpn .u4s it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed,2ab1uc: th:ut relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat u acu1bh:2t:tis heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still watfyn-z zc;58 vd cu:7y j h,ecd;g4jy)ner. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is ,;y-j ezvfz :gy8j7 )ddccnn5u;4 yhcheading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving mreddoop6b5qh /p )a+hg e93+clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one ep r5h9ed+ 3pao+q/bgdm6o)h -half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonst/3ct :ol8phavop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceshippv/3l c8oha :t. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea andqzl;:02qys93kaxdc4 k ucd6 z Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remainsl46q9z; ckxysa2c du3z0qd:k on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brothervbu-6e i;mk0 )zfl wf-,sit+i takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the E)m+i-z-l ef b0sv,kwi6ut; if arth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is itz5;f0k1v j 25xemcoohs length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract t+.;op3u kx0j1b h6mcnysa ygw6o )8cno half of its proper length jo18 3 apbgsh)cwmuon6kyn+ ;60.xc y(as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it2wcqnx-k(v+ ek a+u.s is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, whawuns-.e cx(+k2v +aqkt length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar systexx3g axb u)*6yxui)d., dw sr1m is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance dodyx6,1wxur si)3)x*a g.ubxdes the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to o, w /hrp(+kedjur solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed op(+kj/ ,h dewrf 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.39)87 q3w jyl qccm3 m9owb1ecc0 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward thq7q m bwymcj198 3ec)cl9ow3ce star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest muib1 ry o(vi 2*a+/xdg/or qbpbye 070ass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a pfz5kzb s0/mdkew-d -sq+e,g:z.u j 1kroton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from4 cwk q;rp fge928y;tj x3td9j 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase td9r;j8x gk j29qtp4wy 3efc;by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum ir-hcfdof,095e dm d0d n $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an qnkyxhi;(d.) .klpwb)l1jq - element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reacy * wz3zt)ee;qtionwt); eyz z*e3q?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equiva, t6.q c riom q+0f:kaxq(tow-lent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140, d/j;ece.zg7 z000 people, helping togz /e e.dj7zc; end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80%;w(kswcne9 2( mvw /un of its total energy. What is the speed of the protomes /w (n (nw;c2vwku9n?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is r vnn2lk* wvnq. :5fq5 e2mq*ythe momentum .:nn5*2w 5v*ek mrqq ny 2lqvfin $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is releasedi bfhaa+l9lj+7if 2z4 (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost durin lc-6m:kif vag3ftpqo/w8 g3-g a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electi e(re74umm 7pron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of masibedwh0 s. /59 f0ltwos from rest w0 i5 t dlfb./0wehso9to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, pzr5-(jltn p u ez6x1:$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its ma1w vfuyhz0 wu0:-5zs ;n+j ubass increased wituzu ybu05v+0f-1n : ;jhswazw h respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from t (/*rlkiiva.w y7-ir ahe Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Suy-( w*i vkr7/. arliain to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 24 67ok7kuzvih ecz n (e/1fola0pff60.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on ev1(oihcpk 6u/ k 4afe77e6o0fnz2lzfither craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast woulthke. g8 ;j (71dfd sh7gsq*wr-( tgbud light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a s 7d. sshf(g hgdtbg;w(r7 je1ut -qk*8tationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away f io*kt-fjdk, i6,ou+j rom the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then ,i*ofk+,6- t jodjku ifires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with8brdvie,cmb2z n-w .e8 op o/5edp0 h, a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relati8i.rzh52b dc,eed m/povbe -0 ,nw8opve to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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