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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radiost89xnstr1 u4ks4oo3 n, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at con o43stt1 8sxnk o94urnstant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley expe/h cjw:vjw 7edafg-j45 * bk0sriment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the rq6l s7rqvxn :5esults of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if yb0a.:k0 5mc)ptfj dkeym., fhpjh ,;gou use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity dhe2coa*a0 p1rso8e9 principle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newto1 zdxid0 6tfg, *obw-*(ui(ygbe rq )onian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special rel6j5 ts+jma6u .vf, tiwtm :5dnativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relat z /h54)wluy qsu,zho:z a1o*xivity was t ):uyzoz5oh* lx zhuw/1,s4aqhat the laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of spe qr ribzsm8 /v0z (;0)bjcy2macial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special reh* c4kwmoog ar8n0 en8v *q*.b-f5w oylativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving awayn3ts2+0 ftsh2hwjq h 9v4nt;( ezbxxt cux095 from the Sun at a speed close to th u5t +s ( nst n;9thxzfceb3h2wjhxtq904x20ve speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationar+4 vpko/ft19 yo7rt yty observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as kf1l lb7ht.u3$\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to7 u/z/opd .xze a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth u7/xd.e/z zop predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving34x38v j7ie eordgpfh f/g:+p object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a veloc )/ kra1qyh 0hmehz4u5ity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of a1q40ekr5)y mh hzhu/this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel toz ,4hi/9t0gjxv/ixz o its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measuret 4hzx, zo9/vgi/j xi0d by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mas8o f .ai 4ex*t6fpag(0 yy qcg1/l;jtts of the particle 1ej.afpt ix/6atgyy4o;q0g8 lt*cf(

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the 8wty(mlj **fd zsl25smomentum of the partil(w* s5*d8 mjltzys2 fcle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a wr5f7nnqj uv7o42o7vvery high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. 7voofnrjw n45q7 u2 7v From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy prott7dh:4rs r (jxon when its relativistic mass doub hjs7 xt4:drr(les?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativis.5u;:j ttiwbf/axo(a hv1ui ,tic energy of a speedy proton when its relativvaobituw. t1 :(j,5 f;u iahx/istic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of maea ;h)z p 8bau6-gs+ocss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in y:5 zt/y(xuo j3x s:oka straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on eu:o:(s xjztkyy 35xo/ ach ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's )6qx9*rl u aml8,.qiuyrrt8 uframe of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, yoh pb+ hki+0bw5u would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative zk7by ki )s82ito the shore, does it move i 27 i)sizkyk8bn a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still watewx0kw)- m i2v*rblo s*r. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat2rvxo-*b)kmil *w 0sw is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative 2*ir-56vnd dcxf-ib uto the shore, does it move in a dn-f2v ru*6-x5dc bi iriver that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to b(f cld2s5abd9du)ze+e observed by a stationary observer as running at one- 95)l(f+daed budzcs 2half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hozc cep n(/v09aurs according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spacesan/ v cp(cz9e0hip is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andre31frrsv3-m5( uwhh nq+zr *e: 3 zlbvca and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back alz33u+n( rrh: sb -3 *rvm51qh wfezcvt 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip *69je +cx s0lk zh5g- fc7ooecwith a speed of 0.80c for 30 years accor g5 hkz97ls0 ccoje-oef +6c*xding to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you *quk(52wvrx/nxhe f( with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to j t7 /dh 25pttf4qh0hahalf of its proper length (as observed by a stationary oa h05h tt4/qdpht27f jbject)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceshibz *p :m/f6vg 3bqh4cap travels by you with a speed ofqfp a 3b6vz:c4mh/b g* 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alp( ydl)e5awq;qd zw j78ha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the stlq7 8);jqzd(aew5wydar. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to yqxfm (z/m+hpco3zg) 1y4,pb our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. hx(q mpymf4 pzgb1 ,yoc)+z3/A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system1/yx7mn ;g- wuwfjmr q 59)adn is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapwudwf)nnrm qmx75/aj ;- g1 y9se on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What5z4mwa/i cr5;q/ wz jw is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its ma.g(h2u +m 58dg52a fwgu;ngfhjrfi ,tss is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your s/ogyh vno,j8y9h.0 f epaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will inhj.hn8oyfoy90 ve/ g, crease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumb,4 fo 0iheha6 in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element loses.yze dt4 y67of $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of mater(6lk/pi8 yqlxial was lost during a reactio68lplq kix y/(n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogra9-vx)n pbcm8*dm-lfe5, p mwn m of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Na8 go:u-x+ hu+l6acgxr 3.oh mmgasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when .c x : 6lurhm3x+o+gum- 8hgoathis took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its t:u671fyj 7 fs3kgft4;ysu ejd otal energy. What is the speed of tfkses6fd;j u:y j7gufty 4317he proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momenai( 8 opu8g*dttum 8ua8g*pd i(to in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is release ew5j, -z.heyt; jyq63fo y-xrd (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction i yxkv+k :f;o- nl/n z*wml5 a2n7bwzr5n which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total ent2msf cptr( i6ud0z,oum x5.g) 8 s6hyergy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are requir (2xkx,bvgleutxi:)g8z/ k7 led to accelerate one kilogram of mass from res:ix ulexk72(,tglvk/ b 8) gxzt to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, qauu.f;s1* n ek4,vt0pn; qv l$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 10kdc+ k01nx+ mg0 kV. By what factor has its mass increased wikdkx +c+gm1n0 th respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling a6 1j .*-zp 7rvjhsxqs-e7kq mxway from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun x-6.xvs q*z q7mjhk1re 7-pjsto be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0siklc-q6 m(ro* :, 9r*esn kld.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is theisdc 9-,rreksnql :*m6( o*lkir approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a spe,rt;/h xhhx g+vsl 8w;ed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlightsw;xvh,hl8sx;g th/ + r of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spapjo 8..i-n 7 2ndpxppbceship then fires a missilo2p8 p7-xipj.np. dbn e with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spacszk lfe) s.pfm*5x-+veship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earmfkf.spl5)- sezxv+*th if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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