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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means for y *g6a):zp cou/rlenw n9rjx- 8ou to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to -c ) gjxwnpr8/:lzea6*9 nuordetermine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley exm z5ek0l1xi; xperiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the g)w4pp*amn( af 2wg x,results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use thes,ow)f/necaz/ bdw0zzyc; ) 5 following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity pe6wdj6b: b)m tu(. i-nx 1pyverinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of G x 942 hue1v;hznjk3vpv:j (hzalilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of specialnq:qd +up f8.k 9,csi5lh xwj q5mp4x8 :lhki* relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special 1te9 vcmeb4e 0i0ya x+m87j8psn +niitheory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in referi90iba ynemt m47 xespn +cj80v1ie +8ence frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulat2f;ybkf k it;z9;wrm( e of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of spe,:4xf f)qg 5w*;-wi o od s.oxsjsgx0mcial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse ratew-dlh3 i3d 8 :g5hdekf while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that il 3:gd5kd-f3 8hidwe ht was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observqe pf;2ufwz6(df73wqer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined ascmqif 0nkjxb8s z:p1 (d crdy-3h;.vq9dkw6. $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to s..zq b9gcavp1ok/ 73olt6mgy6es c8a distant star and back again, while the op1o/6e.v 9ago6sb8cgl tz. ms7y3kqcther twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationaplc8 deg9-ah 1ry observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length withg418p .ebmpbw a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationaryb.ppmwe8bg4 1 observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity tefy43ci1hmy qkpn*/ )x+m yuf3, 9hqghat approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a sg hnpiq,9m/y*mk4 h+ 3u )ff3cyeq y1xtationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approacheim). qpq-d 3)03hwh5u0 h ruw),lsdkdmh0cb ps the speed of light, the mass of the particmk w q-0s )d w5du) i0.pr3uhc3,ph0blhq )mdhle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the puhsedz7 w:5 fx j)y 0tny/:jw;article d0 7/yutwe:j5nfszx)y:hjw;

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at at t9,wo 0koqw lj6a1xo).nsp- very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half i 9qtnw, as kw)op10-ol6t j.oxts normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy prouffd /hk1g usm3j+8-n .rg )ujdobv4j+;l/nw ton when its relativistic massg./do 34b )j8+uugr kfv nl/whj - ;s1ufjmnd+ doubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the zj+hp orc- na. a35ow0qct( 3:re v4fktotal relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativisticcj fq 4nerak-ph5(zc3 0wrao.+o:tv3 mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mkyecxwkg k:s 2 6ld8)16m(lurass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a s;gbl. de:7xt3. hfh*ogpu: ictraight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun an*tpbgex:3uh.idchf :o;7.l gd ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observvfkty+s 0s+z .er's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, youw;ymsz4ep4f,oh j-t,;ni) ,;g sfh gm would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With whd3poxk +w-; ( l3avi j7o1jq7hfl*o h)gl mdy1at speed, relative to the shore, does it move indq7(i7o lv -h 31khofa1 3xowlpl;mj)g j+ d*y a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative tpcxakx/dttk f;m6 -8.6 m; axto the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat i-dc xk tk8aam /tf6; x.;m6pxts heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relatiw f5rdudmao ;)5q8.v;, kb8 w+so cwqroj58 ckve to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight acrov qowb;dcwr;8 o5sf,uaqo dw.)+ c8k5 5mkj8rss the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a movdg 2;v hm/)(ybf *oinping clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer)y*hi ob;vnmf/p dg2( as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and r :g)ozij0te1qeturns in 10 hours according to a clock on theq o)gz 0:ej1ti spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. Wb sc;/m+fiwdu9bw 1v :hile Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her ret :wvbmfb1w/;9isd + cuurn?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c forr noo0ue0 9(ol 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what o 09u(oroe 0nlis his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. g i +gz- kx9fr*r k2peh)d30nk What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of i-wllib82nwiv,kx81kb g7i 970;b sam/rfbg nts proper lengtaxnkiw0w gl/b8nvk, bs 7mb8if79g-b21r i;lh (as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travelx uxo0)6- q(lqxcp, vos by you wpovl c0o, 6-()qux xqxith a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yecl d5 aa5f3 j7,yb*zgdars away. A spaceship wita*a,gd5c53dfl jy 7zbh a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 l2vz wobd( se2q7t8y d.ight years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth trzwst 8eb7(ydvo2d 2.qavels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpr*jbc xzrj8n;ris* / (ha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward thexz 8rr/*bnc*ir jj(s; star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. w2bx j7k h4e0-yl5ozm What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is pj- o2l+g3f jf)4xxw xtwice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your m8mn.beykx q; e -d8;)bclk; aspaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase 88 ln ;m.qmdkxa)b ce;-eybk; by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum3nh,y5 vea ,ln;rlm5 tl4k5q nv7zjd, in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an3*tujwp 4 ywvm qnvo:7j113 kw element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material exj/22rc43 jzwszn fm+t. /pvwas lost during a reactizf +n22czerj/4jvxt3m. / spw on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at re2r 0mqa ps2ph0cxnl ; :6sdz8dst is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped onyto h;8s jj(g( Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons o( y t8;s(ghjjof TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its totalaur5oo p7-s ub2c,n1i energy. What is the speed of the2 b 75rc1,un-psuiaoo proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of +fk* r ro+)jrba proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum inborrr++k*f) j $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in Me1rpl * zb4o:r jgr4lh7V) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reacti lpu.mu+zbb: 1ol g/o+5aob 9mon in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy .3(s m7w,al qnj(csty of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mas t *ekpe,p28ous from rest to a2tpeu e, k8*op velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, gxzpp . lyypf 6)p:*aay -0wr(gtsf..$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerate3je 5d)rot +(eow5zz qd9i(zgd through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest mass?9jq(zr w5(zigdze3do )+5t eo

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. dnxv5ioys b m3,,ry: t.k* 6t/8erbhc You measure the speed of light rh bs/ y8y v *kbo,i3txc.:en 5dr,m6tfrom the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are travelin,dt/uxak(we :-2 :e /xvym j*xix5g ixg through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each i :a-k(xue:, txyi w*g jxm x/d5/xe2vother, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed 4wd. 4 q7gjbyqof 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observerqy4qgj.7 d4wb ?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The ;irnrnsk19ah,dr g7n+l 3*)*vwg ne zspaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative 1eaks)l; ,dg 7n *ni9vr n3gw+r hzr*nto the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Ecdyc, rs/rpax 6(fz )+arth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward zcpr+f 6ycr),(da sx/the Earth?

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