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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that hasc wlfs-hq 4/7n no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship ish/4s 7-nfq clw stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment wa u2 fc0abjl*yjv 2x:b1s designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results ofa;3t qn(dgkae4mm k7 4 their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you us4z;g ixkw:+fxe the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prinv ohk617s e7yanf /vt3ciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable aszcu-v r/zpg2) ij 6c,esumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativiy v, 6uzc0 c4cwut*4 ph4d(fzkty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the speciazk gfhl+f8rk +/ym+7j :/txfal theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in refer:/yg+f kx ftlj 8 +kz/mf+7rhaence frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulaxhh0jx -gg.uskbct z7+ zt3(v sp+ d*7te of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulateg(4(8qj6,ebf 2iy meio, szy0c uve z0 of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pk 4-c/9 p1fharcz: ujnulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would fincc-z p : 9fh4/rj1uknad that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observerp mz(; fttghjt 5-es3ug-w 0p/, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined v6 gnzwwfiis,8i*y2:; x4prwas $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very highq://fsuf;b bv speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The q/ubfb: ;svf /twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objvr01lqqjr p8 hz3k q5ht +b:,lv*kh a/ect

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lenget9b+ *vc - p8hjtw6ipth with a velocity that approachest+h*pi6wb p-ev 98ctj the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity bniq )atbuw9(g 1b1 r(that approaches the velocity of light. The length of thi birn9uq )tb(1bwa1g (s object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass owuw4agwi78 9ca3 (a5 / gvk1mzg(qpme f the particlep qiwv9agg(8a7a mc31kw 5guw4m/z (e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle apprmb qskkw7 -cipjvb mrtya . b1g17qk7+r1h+ 93oaches the speed of light, the momentum of the parw.qschb1r7g1bv9 - 1kpykt+ibj37qm 7 r kam +ticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measurec,pk/ct)r3zj 2 6yso difv4 d; its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the mor2 oc4 iv)pd sty6fc 3dzk,j;/ving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy pro25*/ivaxla w;ml q5lwton when its relativistic mass dw2wlxv*aalli; / q5 m5oubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its7r)y*-ibrpa5k d:ycr relativistic mayk*d:7)ycrba p-r ir5 ss doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle ofifx vyaq)4zp7p9qkh6 m,, tk: mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, k)z uipb , 4f 5i9bbzb0;90cbdvvs,eeeach traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B i; , 0z uf)pedk9 b,i40vivbb5ezs9bbcs approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depen 0.f0zu5mn ap.emevx-2fqqb4ds on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of yz8cf stx j2 u xi3kwz*wym:8;+our spaceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed ro1q4q*a0v 2 cwtr f7eib::ui, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at cvwufraqbi4 o2it7e10*r :: q1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/4wx/5uk nh +nzs in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move inzhkn/ x5+wun 4 a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to th76gpx)- m wxwoe shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight acrow6pxox7 w-)gm ss the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be ml0 rt(4vs2 psobserved by a stationary observer avmss (p0 4lrt2s running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a *+1 g5tunc bzjyr w,f)nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, ho1gjcf,+)n yzbr *tu5w w much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years olxa ,+0vs5x 35dowtayg-ahj;rkpr 8 c,d. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a spe8yr 55k3w vad a-spaxr cxoh+jt g;,0,ed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a spazln. v0 f8hqn.tz7r sjw6 8rq*ce trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and thnzqs8.l.h jnrqz0 67 vrt*f w8e age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward youx-lrsd+ f6r+( wdp-hp with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to hale x0xmbk+)8t,nf x6m xcb :+gau8 ly5ff of its proper length (as observed by a stationam xm)t5c8lkn fx+b8ba+gf0 6xey:,xu ry object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceshuy,iszs d9/v6 ip travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length v9uis/sz y,d6 does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centa*qzvhvlrlk;8)l p/ )n6b ez :+ rts5zcuri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative*;+le:5) h6plvcztz)b r/l kr8 zsvnq to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.34 (,v3pc 0u 5craenh;y72lar p das3ek0 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed or57s2 3l ey auck(apav dhe3r0c;np4,f 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauphqyp3 8,afb2b +b nrg4gwo ;;ri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceshi2n; yrh apbb ,4;g8w+ fgqopb3p with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mjimh jk 7e+3/eass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mafgb7 y --caywmle9 0z(ss is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your o3tx +q va,ay3yu*r gz*,*zt lmass will incr,g3y aq**v tuo,taz+*l3xzryease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum infdw1 ;sq qdcijc 0v ag9b+e0dz*v.4v9 $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an e-t+i+64w uasumoaih-j *i p-olement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lostw / /ojmhupuxs8)5oijr ;+qn1sa65sv during a reacti ;jns uvw155sopxm)s qrih6// 8j+uaoon?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalen8ggs y4 yv: lz8i2ks-xt to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helpywb b5x0b8tj- n.k/hz ing to end World War II on the next day. It release.jb 5nbk8/ zxb-t0 yhwd energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What ir28*yd ntlj ;syf,mm/-6 l/qrzlpd2 ys the speed of the protonl,6pymzdyrl/* -rys 2 2 / tnl8f;qdmj?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total ener3xw/ym ,cc8jvcy2;;eaarmy2 gy. What is the momentum i/e;cvcm ,j;cy3 r a xm8ywa22yn $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a ry oidrhcmbr y; ,(9;,3tet)rweaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reactiof w n;:m3byqux:nev07n in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.fv7kki n8egmb + /:p5e95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are requi3g9x a,y8ubi9d6 d3 w cu6euaw *ce 7nil0pna-red to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.76 a6an9e,pei c 8w-lu3c3uand9 0u gbx*w idy866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, hhv,e+,pf fn:d mwp* y,ng-4g$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelm 9,)-/qgrzny rti n3gerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increase m )nyr/z,trg-9 gn3iqd with respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Su+longd3 n0:/z;mii-i w 8yejmn at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light i8io ;jwe+i:/zln 0gdm3 - nmyfrom the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through spa-u0i t9-s gongce at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly towar9-ugt0n- si god each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast woul*hv9quwq s 6*dr z:/0nnsim 9g 5acq6dd light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a statw qum0csd/nsazvd 9hq*rin*6q9g 65:ionary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spn;n t(c z5tpqmh + o),r6zvim3aceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the ; )c5qnv6t mzz h3+p(omnti r,Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed oap4f 55w*ys: ur;k otrf 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c rel w:54taf ;rpr5y s*kouative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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