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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or oth5c9io*s ry/di4 qny*zy2(wi der means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at(yqd25/wc*9 ir4 s zyyn ioid* constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to c mq.(;f dr6a.3zf;ykilx1ozw./ qz u measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the r( gh.fa 9je+dqt v57odesults of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following components o hn:2x(au b17g8jywe:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativityct o8b:)d/ym)a. : jcy nqyku1cl4t k0 principle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptioi,cb tzq*4rz (rx7na -ns of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativ -5qxyy3tcg(gv,lof2ity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the s0aoiz bkfgpg/9/k5 4z 3yof tm1z:5 (;uhryvl pecial theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in referenc/gv 9:z5 o0 p5tzg;yauikfbokhm lzr4 /y(f3 1e frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate o: 1- w7p0 .d)whezdb nhgkod*ef special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate ozc7k0 g n.c c2/4ptwagf special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in, shx/2(gtvek tz)/7 r yrq8hq a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speedxekrvz/8t sy /72qh,t)(hqg r of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movah 90hxyl g/6zing clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is d+ k :zbftxxt;)h6p s.* y* v.nvuv8sofefined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very hi*uzm 4j+y- 9s me9alsx/4 wyopgh speed to a distant star and back again, whos u y p 9+j9lx4am-4zysme/w*ile the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movin1wh mek,.2 smag object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that 8 );c vmrtpj.ln)dzu6vsn q 09approaches the velocity of ligp d 0r6vu svljm)n; zcnt).q98ht. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel02z,mnggau/ f , we9,u,abgsf to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of lighm,,02bzf / 9au,wgsafue, nggt. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light,0 fsnjwtn q(t:85(iwz;hhvhy2w* k(g the mass of the particy 8g (*:fhwwkt;50jv(2z ( nhthsnqiwle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a parr2iviq/ ( n ad;ab-7q8da,bzsticle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the part(qaba8 i27ai,nd /; brzvs d-qicle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speerx. qwo/.+ nejd. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this meaexrq+/.n. jwosurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mx;ppp5)ggr.oq , 9tveass dou roe59gtpq,pp.;) x vgbles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativist 5(iynl 24qrbn17 vjsaic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doub1nn liab r( sy5v2jq74les?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of jljs) b,*d9tb mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is agp5 y3bdfd0h*l.aij9on e:x7w p,v4moving direcwhj4oldyg.*f57a ev3iaxd 9bp:,0 pntly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the y.as u4-mug u7observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship in fo*4r)6gnggq7s5envs() fce creases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wk2 ,vcx)k 5+colkge8 0i8cb:kbm.qml ith what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in ai.,l8)km ok5cmk bec8:lg v2c+ 0kbqx river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With whac+k j qo1)5qa)m3yq el m7; e.ws+ycmat speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading down7 m)yjkaoc+ ws; qaq+.yemce3q5m l1)stream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s -/i ww sn-t35vui n2fxin still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading-5-3wtfunv/i 2is nwx straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if itw5g 4zek6e bjqw;:*wd is to be observed by a stationary observer as running eej4 gk;qwwz: 6*dbw5 at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and retk5l04wl4vyq+ +o l svxurns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is oslk4wq0 +v+ 5l yvx4l0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initialj2o(ki,g;6hhhq4h wt f j1ic7ly 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, hjiqj o (fkhtw4 g1h;6,7hci2 Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.87-be- u-5c ybvtlr3cu 0c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. 7u-ubcb3elv rc5t--y Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a km-b; 4bmmtx szv ,8.mspeed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper l06b guool b do(okn,7+ength (as ob+bg 6k,(7ouo n0bodlo served by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship9cbuvp 080 o 2vw6wiqv travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length cp2iw 9v8wo6 qbv0v0u does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to 5ycu-6z3(9 lmntvwi/zssd/g2zpk/ eour solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on tzp kyl6vd ( 3 n-msicwesg/u 5t/2zz9/he ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our sol do b--2w,cs1ypc h3wuar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c rela3bwydc2,so --1 uwphctive to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha8k5ant0ud9 vj Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constat5ua90 v dknj8nt speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is travelinyekgnsyv. s+ 7;g7 wjf n,ki1-g at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if a ibf6b;ymn g-3rk+n38 7yeypits mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c7)s :/c5xuy1oc0t kybrqayo /;qc o9s , then your mass will increase byocqy;a/ 7by)x oc59 tu 0/:oc1qksy sr

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum vx5g oqgtlq3 l.mk/*/seb u( 0in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lowqsd;szwo q,s v/ -x si:q5*(oses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a rx ps7y g7q;+aq l1*g;bdp5yskeaction byq7sp+qyksg dp g5xl;;a7*1 ?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of /iw2u+4z b8eyg lf b++sidrz5 mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that wass//9q *dkqg q-qfm;v;fq /;pbbdchq 9 dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much pqvq//;qh q-cmff;9dgb *9qsd q/; kb mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a78o;kb )kzbkw proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the protonzbo8k7k w;)kb ?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a protk55c 2 3p x:idf+bd23 cbilqkvq cu9m2on is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum il5+:uc3dqcf iqv3bcb9m k2kdp 25 2xin $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in syw2g0m4kb 2jr)qhd .which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in which bhfei6-b7 2v/c 7.ujwhj9zg 7zyt;w t $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speeuy w.pf 3vf)os yzxc ;*3hz;4wd of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogramntn os5*tf/hp5f-4y+ lz(hi l of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.8nshytlizoff/h- 5+ p(*ln5t466 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, z63/aw2b8m2c/qfo/(nz i jx4m gvamn$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 m7agz)qa x-s2o3o z, nkV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest mgs zoaa23mo, n 7q-)zxass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun atlef umx51.j+ l 0.95c. You measure the speed of m+el 1xf.jl5u light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative t*/jc;iaf vh- lo the Earth. If the ships are -a /;f jil*vchheaded directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast wo. hl9l 5ii figud;0jrrov0g- 2uld light travel from the headlights of the ship relative gj 5 i .09r20rohlgvlud ;i-fito a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.86qn e*3zxmhd8tr sx xh) 8c( w3fzc77c0c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the misshm h)f8*t3q7z (3 67rcsdxnw e8cxczx ile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. kih w4 9z8uc(rThe spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Eart rz4ciw(hu98 kh if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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