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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship l3ljq. //a3exwt9la cc e2m:r that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determ: 9jtaccxl /er.2lml3qa3 we /ine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed :5i3g 1h f .ojimoo-gkto measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experimen*/,hztcw.4ijt o f(28vd d nogt that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following compoxj88i a y+xme1nents:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principlehz( :hki)y 7je.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprov5yu2j h- onn4y *tj0esuqg,x )able assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativ*wyir * ooeulxl: w b.r/7p1b(ity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of rsh-kes /yjla (;a1si7* q4lr8g8 iu rnelativity was that the laws of physics are t(4nrgahkuli1- e i l sjy 8*sa;sr87/qhe same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postuv yeax8:arstqbr - ,6(4*xq cnlate of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate oi 0* vnm(tgd2j4;hbkqf special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure y)ngy.07 iset4ad6vbx(8 ma gdour pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speedvm 7)0 egyx8sa 4(igadb.n6dt of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving 4odm 8orvc3(u clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defyf slta+cfk4 in3,2,u ined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a: a2m 3f7d et1crqatk3y8o0qy ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts tht: a10t8c3f y ymorkq273 deqaat the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving obje5;+ihk d42z, f2mlq h3gjpx cjct

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity ni o ,hm6q z;90a)thyvthat approaches the velocity of light. The width of this objecthho vazq,9 nmy0 it;6), as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallele)- arg;ai)u6sub-(t0x s ho q to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length ooshsre(q iat-b; u6agu0-))x f this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the pb.y,ups:8svl r((3clghrj b4o5ee8e artic eps(rh58e.s b l ,ubj 3gy4c(el8ov:rle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle appr9 nsxy+qcb +;aoaches the speed of light, the momentum of the particle9b+n;saq +cyx

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by f*:wae im3dh.*tr -i1pdej/tyou at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length.-p1/i rt :ftj*a.e i 3hmd*wed From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when bf ksh3waf0e1n9 s0 4vits relativistic mass0ks4n3 s hwea09bvf f1 doubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total rela+2n og yl-f7wativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic masso- fy+wlna7 g2 doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of ma jl:yu0sh2k5.) lcr na9u*ksbss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a s5 vk3,f9 anplp*m2q:5hrl v( xayr8pftraight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers kp fn , *fp53 almha5pyv9vrrx:lq82(on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following dependk(idkqwg(n0 - e+)ft ts on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship inf*/11up6f7zq n 1ltvl+;aj fbibpg d2creases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speedp5 kvkulpd4 j4;-0 wukj5sxf9, relative to the shore, doesu 5;k45pskfuw40 -jjp lvk9 dx it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the s p(pxcc0h5vr7h:89ky pgl f2kyy o4ej,35vr rhore, does it move in ap8v k:pk5rp950oy3gv4,(h rccyx r7lf h2yje river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in 7wnmmcm1).h g8nq+ q2iod *lczf6j1m still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, dw+nm l 8dq2c h 1.qfc)o1zmnim*mjg6 7oes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observmg:3; ,jegqe ted by a stationary observer as running at one-half its3 g,e gt:ejm;q normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a p ukymq).( ( px*7hfhxplanet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speedypqhx f.*()k( u mhp7x of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtf 7 4ohpabnv28ney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed o8 42ahonbfvp7f 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.z44rsoqu5 w8w80c for 30 years according to a clockw us4roq8 z45w on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. Wh 1n8jkh( kug6dwb/we-at is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocwf115em6 fma9jne8rx* ns)zd ket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper lengtha61dewrs nz )*51m8njfme9 fx (as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at r.hml c,+ur yrlk:t/x9 est. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length doe/m+hc,xltu.yr :k9lr s it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Cenv tma.7pn1xh 6tauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance dn17xv.ha6 p mtoes the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yeu-w3 mre89/-pauh w5w*xdeyn + z2av ears away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth trav329 ha5w8epxn-we u/y*e w+rudma -zvels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 lig/tmiy* 73yxtz/mtb7r 3t0wy 7 kfqc:w+ix t /iht year7:ktztif 7+ qm7xy rmtity3ct/ 0/w3*/y xb iws away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its 9 )k(u+ l(yug uok.xqmmk8)n qmass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice itshpuxm- m13wk,gf ) ;vs rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of yoczer;ary- 4d((h1pl z; jz 9h:nboju 6ur spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incread(n41ahc6:l 9bph;uzoyz ej-j rz r(;se by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum i(*dgp7naz w-y n $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemen(bw:xb pd)n1c; rtuk .jh2muh -0vg8ct loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of matx74(k * kdtcmkerial was lost during a reactidc*m7k( xk tk4on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent towdqggry4jj-z1 s* )dip2+) dj two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that w puktjdb)2scgb7s9 kw9:3 c5wpu+ 2ue as dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. Howd k 72+9ub5cs2wj k uebpg9)csu3tp: w much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the fyl6 :p 6iujf4sckd8v 7o2 w8rspeed of the p ky64ov 6 j27f88dwul psfc:irroton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy oknmicgz ;i 8u /sx*))af a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum in sn;gizc)*8 u/ mx ai)k$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in Med* ,xa l1j)jeiV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reactg gqs 4lhl:7z(ion in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of (im 4zw8(;sco7fbv;a4dgw aa an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are 3dtnv )v zrau;;31flqrequired to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a vel)a3; tvf3nlq;1v u zrdocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, bt )x9pnfi/;l b4m-wq$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated so7agt ceqqd.0: kx0+ through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest mass0qg 0 s.oqcakt7+:x ed?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket trg), jdbd6/xm7 ue-ny laveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of lighgnude blyx-,)j 67/ mdt from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling throy k6hw 7)pvm7hugh space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approacp)h7m7 k6vy whh velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast wou.k+kp(-drfw jld light travel from the headlights of the ship relative. (k kfjdw+-rp to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed ooo (7;z0w vwlhgtl*yx*.kqp-f 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the tzw*;ll0pkhw7 oq- x*(oyv. gEarth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.7bjv (o *krdy.7uy o4bz7keoxknv. *f- qaz4/80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the bvv7kefb*- *.x kyo7ak 4/o7jr(n.y o4ud qzzEarth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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