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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship tye0 sy)fmahd 9 r*lr/:hat has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you dfm hy0r:) a/l9ds*e yro?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to mfa ro:3a-o*r+, mh (dvi sms8b04 t8vysdr.ogeasure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from tc,j1bwj)5o+g;x:rme d9s h r vhe results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interf o mcwg9ih;, .ed+lp+ierometer yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativityl lngsla 522ej *:nime2vf)y1 principle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relaz*2un5oi8u3mavh 4 kitivity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativit ibmt 9c*:xz +n9xwqz1y

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special thc4(vwe yu1:yd eory of relativity was that the laws1 cydvu(ew 4:y of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativity.sy); qlnhu) j.4 a i0c1;5yc* wahqbat
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postu(rj16 yzg)nsho :o)7scgik /p late of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a space+ls7.uyz 7ipgpo;6kmj59oik -qx 4 uf ship moving away from the 7uumio74o- j;x qgs.k56+ l 9pfipkzySun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observebu bi- o3lyqdq-qq6731px7uy r, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined kk) co bcy+heuvvn9 :6u+qb:d y y8p75as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a mpjj*t6fobmh.wbe 69*tt g 3,very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other tw*. pb6je3, tmb mtg6of9* hwtjin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, x5 dutk1.*,b;b)0c sbfxu uema moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a vfd/cy5zk0-xzdo52s velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this ds2v z-5y0fckzo /x5 dobject, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that ap( gbtu4wx t3 fs7nb/kv)ln6: oproaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, asg3 souf/6nxvkbtb7lwn): (4t measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass ofg(f h .skr9m*z ydeh:/ the particlesre: /mhg. y9 *z(fhdk

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approachmeajvk6 2 w38(z kr)ldes the speed of light, the momentum of the particle( w6k82a zm 3jr)vkdel

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speedzl 9l* 0gbo2 3drdycx;. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the bzdxc2 ly*r;3o l d9g0moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kxo) 1d6chhtk ;/sg;x minetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass douk6 xo;mhtx/; h)sd1c gbles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a3 70nc k5eta,gurx+fu speedy proton when its relativistic mass doublesgk+urcfeut,ax 357n 0?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle qg4uku/5d m ;6h2.qv ezf2boja taj:4of mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each tra )ji*x5bzzqsj3l+c 3kpo*.wwveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship i k.j* z5s*qx zl wb+owp)jc33B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following d nahxhby.uzk+4,p *9g ktm 2.aepends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spacaxanj5 f qwk4 fh-7mw-n31qhs:o kd(4eship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wateaj ok0vyy2)y0 m s:)gur3ut;pv w6-ul r. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move iuuwtyv2mj) -yu30rpka0 o l6 ;): gsyvn a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s7r :c246s b t,pww*shuct)gkw in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it mo k)us 2cpw grt7w w4s*bt,6ch:ve in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to theih,9d/m + vjop shore, does it move in a river that is flop/j9dmhvi, o +wing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel712xrxcdtc ,l if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half itsrcxc x2l,7td1 normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a pla8yesq) 2rw h)mu8j,w bvznvo,(7 f:dznet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is fo rewzv)sjmb:) q88yh vz 2,ud7 ,nw(0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. ukmb: t;j+3em pb07dwdre;im9 y o 4j1 While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured bye7myemj dr40wi1ubt9 o mpj:; +k; bd3 Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brotuv8 zzocwdbi8xj(xe5b- ys v84 v5( h2her takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Eartcixz2-yh8s u b v8 5jwz5( 4vvoexb(8dh, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you w)5un 4mt/gcbx8) qv;l uq/vuj ith a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract xbk2.5g i9vyjtn5z/ulp,c*8zv (yvgto half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary obxz.9t* y5 unykl zvv8j/gb, vc5g(p2iject)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m qn: y-s em te*cxxydoi 67/;/awhen it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what lotc;m* dqyse /e7ay/ - ixxn:6ength does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centam 9ov5c(yogq.ix 9z d :nw-6p 1alfp;turi, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance f tm1z9:5y;9gq cvap i.xod (l6-o nwpdoes the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 jx ecb79tjfz;6 z/do9light years away. A spaceship with a constae /jj bdt7z 9zcf9o6;xnt speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4./wp .4yif0yot8ytu a;30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth t u4fty.0oy/ipy ;w8atravels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. Wxh( vl )t 25s*mye,mchzf17vqqi y 17vhat is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice *v)xyx(wlk)0j rn x ub5r5n9sits rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, t n dk(hf64u48 -h/w;th zqjiprhen your mass will whi8-jh tk4f uqr 4p6/dzh( n;increase by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in3rx+ytl2q2uz, a f tz) $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemenjcih9l-qfx; -m db (v oah1(4it loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if/ h2 6r ltl,hytuu5ym* 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactir th u*hm ,6l5yuyl2/ton?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy+m,05+0gl /jin. qvn amkktej equivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that ,no:0z6, 8twj iypnfnwas dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How muc8i,z jo6wynfn:,tn 0 ph mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. Whatativf;7/h1n k is the speed of the nf1ak/hit 7v;proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its eo2;8i-t0 zw5 fwwfqt total energy. What is the momentum iq8-i52 0f wf;tewzowtn $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in w4 d6:xjm sg1-is vl:bahich $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost a8csm0d2nr kf2ua7 2kduring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron movinzef+x6pae7 opv-;5w 0clccr9 g with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required xm*8hyr7 s7revo4-zs to accelerate one kilogram of mass from re7ve8 y hroz*rxss74-mst to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 59gsy uri .me kj7,)wg$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated th;6 ap b 81x qm9pwj0k,e3re*kanurv+l rough 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its res1kerrk0en3jlu+ ,q ;*8v mbpa9wa x 6pt mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. 20hobv4 4giwor ecy yol3vyf 4(h/* ,kYou measure the speed of light from 4 blhy*ykc(h2e o3,f0 rgyoio /v44wvthe Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. I fuq:kx5;.v vqw hd;b6djugt)a;-4hz f the ships dka-gqxhwtb ;6q j5h. ;d u:vuv4z) f;are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light tr7t)4nld)vz cu7hxh 4 hy(jt- tabcb8*avel from the headlights of the ship relative to a statixj(b uvh4 zl hcna )tt*7ydbh)784- ctonary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80z f+yu. /;qyeyc. The spaceship then firesf /ezyy; y.qu+ a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship thewbpcs - x3t+;z*hc w81ozcmy4n fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relatis 4t;c xy18wchp mzzw3*+-bc ove to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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