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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, rf 76n mta+se1vadios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you a+f ntse7m 6v1do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment/k er0k4bhl,c was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of t3d q/w0o,qiqg:i o44nth8 zpfheir experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself5g:fl fvyfju0r+q2 k9 if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prfqg lt5;./datnl ,dkez9wt8 0 inciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumption( w+i-pf 9zknns of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relag hape 1/e 0-;yt6xjgetivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in 3k2j/fyu fs0vformulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same ifk3f /jy02suvn reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativity.1nggfctv53 o .8q(aaliu .v(l
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of sp wu/-vmf6;mj necial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship movinstsw9u1;w 5:w b o-w 0n)qywlig away from the Sun at a sp 0o;uw: s9b5w)tywiqw -slwn 1eed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mqz zzf kd3w-mze13q ksed4*03oving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as zkx.qlxw w9 09dhv9lq zmn 9(v(:xed1$\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes o.;as.)-bffzv v : lnga ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and .vs:f;boln) fz.v- ga back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movin /+4ro wu n4ogd(kicd)xs3f+ wg object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with b9(maf00v u( dqme8xna velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this objb( (a nx m09vefqdum08ect, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a dirwc.tr* i8ng+section parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as meas gtsr+c n8*i.wured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of thezbf3r qs,.u8t particlutrq83 z.f, sbe

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of l- jbgm6 kfl)i.w b5qr5ight, the momentum of the particibbj. -5f5 qm)grw6lkle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a veryi( 81 01aimha amm,vra high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half 1 0,aarmhi81 mmvaai( its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when icjw/dn/(6eo a ts relativistic mass doubles6(w /jec n/aod?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when ix,mxe0(*bx5 hp8f/d 5ubuh)xnh lb0 tts relativist ,0xhb)(8l u *f5xmh0et bb/d xuhnpx5ic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle c+use8bd3u ,oof mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Sk;u enwq; - vxzexsu+r0-0g3ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light com s xw3 ne g-uvs-r0x+u;e0;zkqing from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the followingw;- babt* 3 bq4ygqy0c depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would obs0.begbs: ;q jperve

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in ;snc8ew8l h. estill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that i 8w.esce8nl; hs flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wql( ejk +z .f0l7k;tbaater. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the k;lj0l fbaq(zt +.7keboat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s i1u)u8 pvm 9q3q lzb7orm)v js;n still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?mov8j ;)v7b sqr)mzq 13upu9l

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be ob hehjoo1eb. ao tfa+10y/)uu 3served by a stationary observer as running at one-a 1e /h+t1ouyoh)ae.uoj 0fb3half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a e5 +vk l /ekr0ylg4xil/yk .xbll+ o-0nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of t.exkk/x0lvoy+/l+ 0r5 e-l4i yl gkblhe spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Coorzjs4 7w uef;yuu439urtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then t y7fru;4s zjoe4u 3w9uurns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c f*98ovhsxj) ypor 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returnis9*v j) ph8oxyng to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0rgkkw k ggz rw*r3t).mo513zu:b,z ) n.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to com+- ck lcyneg+g 7g(;cntract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stg ecm;nk++g (-yg7cclationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship dm /yfktjg0.2travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to yf.tdk g0 2jmy/ou?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our suf ;1 lv9fl b99bxskr4olar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a consta 9v;k b4lxusr bl991ffnt speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centa csi)z jvw)7dr 1zw,.j (g8rgluri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on boardd zj7cw.) gl)v1iw (rz8rjgs, the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4r -ifjh6a1 zyynv0;b4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the stby0yhr6vzn ;1j4ia -f ar. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. Whatxsl(*x pqr9.n is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mw8p yhgyle81+bm+m ,sass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes fromqn99kabxk d(:e/gz n/ 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increasenb:kg9eak dxq9/( nz/ by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum bsugpa9ac-(5 in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an eld *0rfva5lay+07 ufw)yn bt0d ement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released f80;f-bxwptigdz9k) j 0v dw/if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reaction?8 tv9i0xzww pjfd)0- ;kdb /fg

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent tq+y()airdoye 7f*fn ;2 z 6ulfo two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peopqii.jh ae+ n:/bfjm2; le, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was convefiib;2:.q+ej/hna m j rted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total 9-jsia e phy-8energy. What is the speed of -p-hyjs8aei9 the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its totatx;wt 6 f2z79xcwn1c ml energy. What is the momentum inwxtxcz2tn79 f w;1m6c $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in whi /8avgnsess bs1qljhx.ldam l,2 105 )ch $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in which3v4g-f((d;qnblk 2wjkc bm k* $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an elecgigvtydo338 uj6b e0c kl::* xtron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelx4kir/m qp q- j.+ud8oerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a ve+4qi/udx r 8 oqjk-.mplocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, ,ykccf )uz.8sg;np.n $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is acceleratex/l79tcvfzhey h(y0 rg,w s86 d through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increase 6l vc0(yygrw9, 7ftheh/zx 8sd with respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speeja5 oa) ;e,f/aoekq:nd of light from the Su :5)/oaq;af j,a kneoen to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveliq:o q v- jeh s-dth15pyc /fn6clzl(w 6,4gyz3ng through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approachl-5lvqnwgo : e zc/t4 6j-zp,f (q1yhdh 6c3ys velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light tr ;zd9m ew+o-riavel from the headlights of the shiioe r;w -+md9zp relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. Th/0pnt h2yn*gke spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relativeng ynt2pk*0/h to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earthfjg zb( a3; 2 /o7fajmwdtm/2g with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity ma2mjg(/gbffj3taz2 / d ;wo7of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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