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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windo5dnp1r9h 4m bgws, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant veloch dpgmb45n91r ity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measurivc; cvu; 06yj*w 6ezre

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley co t2+gu1iwl(57 m8(gxaq udrs nncluded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interfes cdva9qbj8sd-q v) 4 oou351prometer yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle:+l6 xxq ;8to m:xy1ri:moy wt.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumpt rc y qi3cg5)vv*7m/m9glw0hrions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of specialbd e 2h.6yo8kgieh t4/tud)l 8 relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates i:17cw1 1swmm sbx3x akn formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same inm1xs1 m1s3bw w ac:x7k reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postwirwtk 9+x01 xulate of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of speci hfvsoxa0ep* z 5;w56r3p gz+/*epdcx al relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceshipteb(fs/sox n)bk1eu ab4q 7j+wi0+a4 moving away from the Sun at a speed clo+w a(bjqknib 07 xse4)+faso b/t e41use to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving clock+*dk-.k kjyfh x0l(;ov+q bdp

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defineo*k(cmz 8 l-u39udtokd as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high s2h q4rw4rmmhxw+s8.czi17 zr peed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth prediwwxmhr z7 mi1z42crrq4h.s8+cts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a m/grtu) kd.wy7 oving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a vfe.jx1 n;wlmvt j42+velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as.vv lt2n we+41;jfmjx measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction pasbq .4qcjy8t cd(jiyy9t7x2 2xj ap40 rallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measuretx0y24(jxitj2p j4 s.q qb9ycc 8ay 7dd by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the sp2lze7)x.7 :bsuh0 (y s zfoedfeed of light, the mass of the particly u es.ds hof7:zez2xf7(lb)0 e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches thqmv bt2x z+; w3m5s1xnrvn+ c7e speed of light, the momentum of the partxnt1vswxb+3mv7zm2r 5 ;c +qnicle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passe (so n6l;.7awpw (qt jr5gpak:s, you measure its length at one-half itoj6l7 tgwanpskr:q; (aw (5.ps normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy ofef)gs h/hd/ bu;0m(nu a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doue;d uhm/ns 0(b)hf/gubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a spee1y8+es ih-i mbdy proton when its relativ-bieyhis 8+m1 istic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of masfc ,csb)hd; kxkez:53/nt5 ams $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straighdq3( e9.+no5cb:1joatwy; v ykt u- sfap;/nht line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of ( y;;9q op/ukbf c1:-+dt3ho.nj5aswyvten alight coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends ;-lz k,cl+s k2(crki3utdy dkmc *. +ha;)ryton the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increatm1 mz4vwy+39ja hauc)n r 5e2ses, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s i4m2mh r5szbb (gwnof-( n0b4, ts e8icn still water. With what speed, relative to the shoren bshceo (4mn4gfr2( i wzb0b5,stm-8, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to thefai+;5i7ivhd shore+i h;7favii5 d, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, qn *i; f9l(a(8m b+hd sopc/vwrelative to the shore, does it movb(* m+fqh8onv a/pdi;(s9l cwe in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel0jg,;+ ney kbc if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-ha+geb, 0 kcjy;nlf its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a no 66snbg;) xxlrnstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of thrb;6gl)x 6nsx e spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initz lais.5 +l18j*ubief ially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea uponai18+ulb es.iz5 f*jl her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brothexv w8gf7jz- e,6yvff:nh;/y au ihbi4p 2/gv2r takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the E ,e8 yjpiab-2zu 64:g/ix2hy/; nghvwfvvf7 f arth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its len- /mgi5do0cgxgth?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move g1f/nscpz*1 ey,: erv to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by ag1y,* 1s/zvn er:fc ep stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10f+wvpmd:i i6;t-rg 5o m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you v;ii o+g5:tmf -pd6 rwwith a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 lig no9e(-coc;z xz6 4jfwt., hq)vx.tgiht years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travelx.z t) xo9( wo;ive nf6jg ct4hz.,-qcs toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.3qm w*rw*ddjs4b6ia,r:- rov .( ms1xk/oky +i0 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on (sdb1rrojm. *w+:*o6 rskx4vi,/qwya d -ikma clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.yrki 51tu8irku2j5ic afm9.l 9t+wk 730 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels ikcuiwy9 f+ ar7r85ukj2tl51 mk.9it toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.856zmj .dx5k b3fc. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its masrka:v*d b7tr 5s is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass. k7 cr3g +lvnq3,nr0*rn/b;gjrptgv will i7 *r3/ nrn+b,tgq cvlr3.np gv0rjk; gncrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in1azd.+k72 e )g uyndpz $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elem.: mfkgeh8m)v4pu z b/ent loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during abv gvgd9r( u)r nz8r5 39g:mla reactiol8r:r5 9g)dzvmv( rbn3ugga9 n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalek3w+ q;lsvzfv6tqoh ,8pt.9 h nt to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped onifiyra/z0;u5+ ikj /2nqpzak +um 6(d Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that ifn/zq /a ykuk65p jui2r++;0(zm id aof 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its to)i(i)h n-hkq p ,lonhz1xdh8*tal energy. What is the speed of qh *p(hznknd)xio8)i, -h l1 hthe proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energ,q5dwe3 g1yim y. What is the momentum imgwie, 1dq5y3 n $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) d+tejf i-r3c o:fka l4 :okz2fe(n*n*auring a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reactionqm1ab wl6dj(v4i+,h 5ew q do1 in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total enenhr5jr i 0v3wt*ze* nuj- v7t1rgy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram9i(rum. c - ;um/(etvd7vxlwn of mass from rest to a velocity o-/rmu vn v(wi; .d9u(txlm7 ecf 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, nwnx0e 2v0m0 j nab6,knf8e1fmxxv ;, $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is acceleratednz2k84z bu a)x through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with re2 zxk8z4 u)nabspect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling awaylsumk09urws py8 +o2, from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from thm+ross90,yul8 wu 2kpe Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are tray5.6o)a:hs r8 poutn zi8te.t veling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocitysu8.o)t5h6i t yope: 8anr.tz, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How hqa2n o1ls+h;0aw rpxj6: k1f fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship re;jn0sw2k1o+ap 1 hrhxl f6: qalative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. g ur5:m*/36y iapcg no The spaceship then fires a missile p6 g y:irn5cu/3oa g*mwith a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceshi 0n drt6(r)2mv .lzniwp then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward.dzr2 nwnt (rv i60m)l the Earth?

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