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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, oryo4p rl r:97hf other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if ly47fr o9 p:rhthe ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley evv9 m-aup 6rl1xperiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their.;7s/ re(qwvzaqb t.9fdhg w ; experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself/sqr9k h(r 0q bkzs)b1 if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle8iy8xgqy2p-q m b8 n.x.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian reluy795*z t yzrpativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativityf;:g oc/1se1zk-h qkyo 95cwu

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relat31k, z8i :k8etbiyaggivity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames thae,zi3 tk8ky 1:a g8bigt

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulatev ;qfa 2em*jb: of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulatp,y0c*1v+csgf t6pv 6(xdeyne of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from th swnwr*9h0z3lxhy wt ir*)co6h q+1j2 e Sun at a speed close to 1txh6iwjwrh snhl or0z*3qy 2w)c9*+ the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary+m.hu1p64nu/p+rj;x ud;foi 0cvd n j observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defjo;y7r-7 h de2xc2bcz ined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship travelin+7vw kbpg7;4ps :na eq2v kaw6g at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains onpng46wbas w2v ;eavk :7p7+qk Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, awtj. .8oz u *i4(qj*5ssnlshz moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a dimk/9 av:d3tpbrection parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary 9ktp:dvm/ 3ba observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in ah8u8 2f f) )nsxzm5wbn direction parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of l)h2f5 8mfw) un nzxsb8ight. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass o,yn+lj24 qlw )kpkqlbf o2 h0)f the particlkw0+)k)4qpll ybol n 2,fh2jqe

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of q3q8u)j2eqk1xyu (7qhci 6rve5 fa r.light, the momentum of the particl3qu5qika 8x(qy2ru6) fq1hj ce vr.7ee

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, l4o1cg3xkoq-8 b0fwch;bl zeu/5to - you measure its length at one-half its normal lebz-o3 1o-oulcw5ex bgcl84kh 0;f/qt ngth. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proto31v loazpw gz 8e1yt*(n when its relativistic masslz ytgv1oe3z 8*a(wp1 doubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its ro pyhg5fgq:1 1utytl4*d)vj/i4d 0ovelativoyd l )*ui 05v41p4 1hygfvqd:ot/jtg istic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of masg r+ 1e5ywpcy hb8 erqo1; gjw.0zd,tun((1b ks $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Sh8zlbd1 hg: h(juv)* l:b p(ssmip A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light c :ml81hz((l*b:v s)h sdbup jgoming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of refero9p qvk9qzm y+cc;q8/ ence?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spac ;h)bvm )gs/zyeship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative fl -lom a;gd6- 5b0wx)z vhb5lto the shore, does it move in a river that is ga5fd)zw h 60;5lov --xbml blflowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0ww :fm/ rp*oc/)sf7k;h5qeq e m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downst5*7p hwqf ckw;fems)/rqe/ o:ream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to , rq hf /.dn7jt*)rmu3. o+ edwrst0kzthe shore, does it move in a rerr k th)/z.t wnd mqf .dju,3+r*so07iver that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel ifx.m07f3i*l56dmaqk lin)pxj it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half i.)n 7la f6dpmikq5*mx3li xj0 ts normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a pb gf8h2/we6 ta1zb-pc lanet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time h zhp2 tbf6/18w-abgecas elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10*cr-,a/6ztzomeetu ;y/5wu y years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea up yruuw-etm,ze;o cy6*a/5/tzon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 yea idbwk+ s2l pr8r6mb2y:c6ifol4, p ;mrs according to ay,fl4 8+r p22 smr k6wi;d:lb bo6impc clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is movin)p+*4 u0 qr-6 n3bbjtwjput4x gsvl 5qg toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper lengaqb7ligsbr 0d154+ ) jc jnpt.th (as observed by a statiopt l+g saq01bj)c 7b.d5jn4rinary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travelsywv 8vn- (+ctt by you with a speed of 0.70c, what lengtt+n-t(w vyvc8h does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri n/rb8vkv ca* .u*ic,qs05l az,guze*, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distan zv/* kusz5c eai8qgr,**.nc, ul0vbace does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alphazey -ehc xw5fzl;((6;k /uerc Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much ( kz ;c-l;y6hf(5euw c/xe zretime would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar sy;0+ wtsywz)l4 ;uar foe.e6*w ,xbuhystem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earthl ubw+; )6ww eye4,h *auyx.tsrfz0;o travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its nax1w 93f0 b(drlzxd1 mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its res ;st/q0+3*wggumqnq fr a);axt mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes frof gtaw;*)6brqm 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increastgf* aqbwr ;)6e by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in pty;4-cibd t:g);tsgd)cf0 r $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elem2dqlrxhc *y* yqs 329,* amjmkent loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material wasezwgec6:-q ) nxnq9u9ruk77 5t) bjah lost during a reactiu:9qk e7bz7jt9au)qc )wgh6 -xrne5 non?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to twnahm7ep( v(7 qo kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killedbuf)-q +m ojo+ 140,000 people, helping tjq-o u+ m+)fobo end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its totalx- u8kg4u/t jx energy. What is the speed of the protontu 4-gxk8 xuj/?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is theh m,(i/,3jh4j kjt sws momentum in h/thjk4,wj msj (s,i3 $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in w/3ave zf:g 81xtrw(g( sqz :hxhich $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reah;3esqlu *3v zction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energyx8unhm;vr1 -z0k ob2 d of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are cqakf y.wp*ax3l1h42 required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.866 c?f.q lyk4a3c2 a *1phxw

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, wm15v9c s4kgg(zk zz4ctg1 1* wog n7c$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By whatis) bwdzvq d)ohm+4,6 factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest mass) dziov s)6,b+4hqdwm?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away froqr*dw /.).yy4ck ejjo m the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun to edko). j yqy.w */rj4cbe

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space axksid:c5 1 x,0l x8ryqt 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each oth d10iy 5cl:x8x,ks xqrer, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c,9bwwe3xg u cg :dio41. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stat34dbw:i91egcu ow,xgionary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spa+t zm.au;5i n6z hu;fsceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of th;zi.tmu s+;f6nhz 5uae missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves awafnx,o 1)n)3h g:t7 ccttd7dkay from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What i,)odnh d t:n77f )xac1kgt3c ts the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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