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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios,t.u1od,c2slt:qx 1 (7vz ze:cvl k /bd or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to z2tq, c :xl7vu( k teo :d1zslv1/bcd.determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designedr5 *xoyrez6 k2 to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experimen)lo9 u6ad rwhe p9sd,9t that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following componentf;4vv1x jvxq (y,q7ijs:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity p v12es.ik*1l arm*dxgbpy 6:crinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Nc6jrr5 1wl(,v exgzl9b73 dlwewtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relatxpu3e 2g33; 18irqx2axd byinnvh/ g*ivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates)dthoqk/k.3 i in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the sam.ok)dikt3h /qe in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate o u ,lzcwhfe+);a.d5 qtf special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulatjhbt6f2*; v sngn+q,o e of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spac+v41 (k un:unmri sd1meship moving away from the Sun at a speed cm vd+umin41(ns ru:k1lose to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer 3k)u7gpypy*u , a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined ,2ng nc6l0izg315wkz n ft1tgd*z)dp as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high szzi p(svoy9 .ur1*) uhpeed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Eart.uhuz)91oy* zr v(sp ih predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, ajen)5 19p, imhin8bux moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity tha oiddn4dqt5x 1ll0 kk7ee,0 m(t approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by nexdd d ti7e(mk040lo l,q51 ka stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to nroc 1h bs/nz,1,9fz wits length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary ncs/zfnb w1z,,9 1orhobserver,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of til /f.gkr4 ;f7 etn7gthe particlef;4fi7kg t .n7r lt/ge

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, ph4bnpwe6p m.wi c(8mm, x1 f*the momentum of the pahp p*,8i6wwx(cn4f.mb m ep m1rticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a vero(ow.cvq/ mhj +2fk6 o.6fiinp *cdp .ja*)eny high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measuh*enoq62ckfvjai.w. ./ mppoin+jfo * 6 )d (crement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proto80-ia ld9e;jaaw-ptun when its relativistic mass 8al9- i; a dte-jpw0uadoubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy pr- *5oprfd ;vpd l.zf;xoton when its relativistic masspxz.l; pvdffo- *;dr5 doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle ops:k,zkhrj 4l+7c7vo f mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line.p:c7g- 9ynmj8 z jxo(b Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of lig-8 jc9z:7p mxygbo(jnht coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends o4,49o ihd8u xnxv +evbn the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your space 2* ngcxutc(t ur-igvn45-gi+ ship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wate;mnjnn - mn6tc5qwpt55l+ny+ r. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upst l;mnn65 wq5ct++mt y 5j-nnnpream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speess tea60zcg 5hn(1 dk.d, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstreamzgtd6k.1e05 nc(h ssa?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With whathmq3yn :13f zbcqg -q6 speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across tq 3n -:q1bqf3gzm6hcyhe river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it isma:go-j4s7m5yi 3*u1jh xrvx to be observed by a stationary observer as ruy v *im1xm7aso 3ug xh5jjr:4-nning at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonsvet8k3m1h7id5(g8nrcsxe9 v 28ryb4zx- kba top journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of ytvv9 1rk- 57rambe34 (dkxgx8bzhi2s8ec n 8the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 yearsd:t xd5u9:wdo kybtswck1t w0 d6r04 / old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around cxd5u w0sd d1kot/ ::9wbr 4t6td0wky and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of7s7*:ux;zsewi .6ge(u bl vnl5fp12u q3 mhq k 0.80c for 30 years according to a cloc7pbxh 1fleus7 3w vlqk:6(u sm;n.q g z2i*u5ek on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. mwyu.(d+zoh- What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract tohy/ot*nr q,wne.53a yxll9m . half of its proper length (as observed by a/t rh3w. qlm5 o9e.ann,xy l*y stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it isv9 hh2rig lvwoc4gb :b(w3+jux 4gd0; at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, w v(3+ olhg:w r i;2j0c9x4hvwb bgdu4ghat length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system6 ahuv4bdsat)1pug)o jgw-ds k+/ )a: is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distanceuvd j)k1o ubgt :/sw hs-4ad+ag )a)p6 does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar syt3qk/uc.u,k 4juk r6kstem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. tu k 3k.uqr/ cku,4j6kHow much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whq1xfqjg.1 ; shich is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Ea 1.hq;1g qxjsfrth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. ; gg6 ;hg.vaa)qgp o0bWhat is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if iae/xf ilj1x72jv cle.n/r .; bts mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of yo ek c/8d,f,pb:riq .**ynv;vgf dt1ztur spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incr,b*;fq*p1d/v f dc:.n8kvr zyi,tg etease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum ibxjrfa6yyax) m z03 16hd .a:hn $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element losesrkx,rj(x5c. 3: rngto $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost du fot 8tgv02-zbi27eof ring a reactio-f tv07ob8ti2 g2oezfn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy eg 8gv /on9aom7( +kaliquivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that wz (fx er m5pmyc+v.0./jcsf/ mas dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on theffsjc0v 5 m pmx./m(c.+yerz/ next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a prz n f9l6)b0rc1glkw on99pst)oton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of l1 l6s) pb)otngz kwnf99 c09rthe proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton isp8zoind881 uz 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum nu188 zod8pzi in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV)2,8j)q epuczz during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in whichr*4 uikis)ve+5v7dg mjcl5.c $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an +ayvl 4 u.j73bkcha ull+1;u q nbk*)y4t mp2zelectron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from , q 3 yoyp:tvpoba/:.nrest to a velocity of 0.8tynob p,3:. /pq ao:vy66 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 31br 1lb cfu6z,l)dhs$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass i7(g (xv 4*mbb5xwnyjyncreased with respect tow b5jyv*(x(7mx bn4g y its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measu/;z (1uzqc n5k 9:2 xadkpfypfre the speed9z xyn fp1/df cpkuk:;5(2qza of light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space asqi7 /v l2on2wt 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on e on/q22ivs7 lwither craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast wo+f ;i tg-8zzcduld light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a statiicdzz;-g 8 +tfonary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves awa*l ayg4 kf: rm g21+kzk/vjxr:y from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired awaygakfym+r:kjlk/1g*v x:rz 2 4 from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves awa ue +8ejbh k-dmt,8h1ay from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed oduh+kj-m8hae8 1t,b ef 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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