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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other me p8gru+)kna *zans for you to observe or measure whatu *pz r)n+g8ak is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to 1/(8 yyad 9 4dmmjy(xccatse 5measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of 8mxm wn(2 s(uctheir experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the foll31g75zy-hgt9worfjk m;pc + kowing components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princi0/+qkk .qlh gbw1xhoc0:fzd: ple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.6c;fp(ji1dji 6v xfv 3
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special2j21pq;t to qs relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulatecr f p oi,6.rud* 5hg) l/5iz*n)dmazvs in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the lawszirun )v6 m dcpifzl) h*.5/r*d5,goa of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special rel1av y t-1so:b calchrg;s2kw - mn47d0ativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulatel5zbfa)e m9ehi6qe881d(pqy of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship m7 fpto1 ph x9htwh-q5;oving away from the Sun at fh-15t hwop q7;xhtp9a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movi * dr+bxmn.u:fv5e: ywng clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defi26(a 7gxhf ;end q-bjzned as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin take jms 8exy;qz.4s a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on ;y.qx8ejz sm4Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving oblw- mz.pu6 4yrd gr.0kject

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that appro ca2rt/ 59hjwtsu ;.y5 xuk;paaches the velocity 5;9tjhsp2/ ycaa;rx.u k uwt5of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direc id( /jn. 4d+h,1ponahhj(p hztion parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a sh(ph,p1 jj. na /n(h4ddoh+iztationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle apps vxk(a2 fc/v*roaches the speed of light, the mass of the particl*(kxv fcv sa/2e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle apg1jxsb tr(20 vproaches the speed of light, the momentum of the parti20rx 1sjgb(vt cle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very hi gv;xyl5 h+k5ugh speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurementgh 5vl;+xu5k y, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistu4q ggr3.xu0gcq o -n4ic mass doublesuogc rg4u0-xgn.4q 3 q?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy pro v4bd4uxp6 iv x;iy1jwm:8b9 gton when its relativistic mass doub u4:yx9bbi id j4wv6xpvm8; g1les?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of maspvz5/n0j,s - 8u.rmkwvh/n fl/ux6*cen5nn t s $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Sh(mwe : qf2qlipxyd-0) 4+ x/ev nduh-lip A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming fromw+f)ue eqyh p(i40:x-/ xlm2l-dvqn d the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's fru6r,vr u*b x.aame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship ip2 s d8,gl. lfnt: feh04vpdc6ncreases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s ilqp 3 qig/mq.plq w)09n still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstreplq0q /9qw. mg)i3lp qam?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shocl;+4 mkgxu+rre, does it move in a river that is flowkx;+r cglu4+ ming at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, rely gcq7mxs-zll5n:hv 9l fsl9kd2 0k-6ative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight acs6dy 7 n- cgxl59smhf:zlk-vqkl 90l2ross the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be obse+9p;zt,nvmprsw9z a- rved by a stationary observer as r9n,z pwzp ;rv msta+-9unning at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet 1hqh),xhj9hqr1 k x:b and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the1b) hq9j,:hhhq 1xxrk speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, fpp0l5sv h(s sz,6cpx)*sgd 8are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea5)psfhl6* sgs(dc,s0pz p v8x rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed ofpb0. :kh3z og1xf .snvln6 hj9 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock n:hvjhln s60.9 g.3fbpz xk1oon the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its len3hxf7 zdu1+wu q476fkldi-hdgth?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to rbd5 mecg1 -o(j f0-qwcontract to half of its proper lengthw -d0-mcej(5oq1f bgr (as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travelse l8n kf,vkr6zf,xbixv96/2ee n 6u.u by you with a speed of 0.70c,uenl xi6 2k6 f, .vxfv,6k/bneuz89er what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, wpe13 z z r0pj):)qolujhich is 4.30 light years away. A sjz 1)3qp)jp 0zoeu:r lpaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yearmo1ld bo it6n.sncd) *;6 ;fnrs away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spa n to ;6r;ld1n b)i.smdf*nc6oceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauh3aja ls+s8 b8ri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels towardj+38a8 l hssab the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its massoc3lfgs8b n c.(an9sv m ))7l(z tqh-l. d4jxf? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its m rt09:x1ilr q7enpy x/i ii77lass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of y5s b1y*,fub um62q eb 4vl4b 4ugvzwe8our spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increa *w 2fmes6zu458 eg4lvu ,y 4bv1qbubbse by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in 94tvt fa8 ,ks//u5wzaf i8pif $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element losewnm(gp7 14h 0tomv-rws $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2 l za:ba2rqml)+ 3t:fz.0 kg of material was lost during a reactioqlbzf2arzm +a) t3 ::ln?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to t;tfa xzq1g4b rk 7+0:vieabc x t-6f9pwo kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 is4i6zmc+elepbai1 -c0z d*5 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons 1 eizm*c+ls04d e6zb5a ii-pc of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total enerxvn ;e785z dexgy. What is the speed of the proto8x;zdn xv 7ee5n?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is w )9whz,sx6zlthe momentum ,6wz9xh z)lsw in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during lpeg / p/ bm/ib,s4rp8a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reactiove o1vj/b2.h ,5v*kqjo7ho a ,rmhf3an in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an elez ksqhgzkg2h . 2r:hjmbr (8 :5xf:us;ctron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilo+d 4cu c(eb1tqgram of mass from rest t1+ct4dube (qco a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, n,+ s wq 59vmwg(rkh7a$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its massv/d :i.l ,wdl1u os1cf increased with respect to its rest m u/lcs, vdi.11wl od:fass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from a503faar ta.sthe Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of lighr5a.sf03aat at from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth.f hpb;b/;/j gc If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a ph/pj fbc b;g;/erson on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. hn-y4* ve ,q3az*lzy6qj4o* om.dch tHow fast would light travel from the headlights of the 6 4yen3jzlo-zad 4 qh tmvo,*q **h.cyship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. Thfrmidgh8+rh)k+hsqt*i 7;02 j (p bzt e spaceship then fires a missile with ar;t*jif8bhp2d7mkrzi+g)h qs 0h (t + speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceships1du3r8 res 0w.s3n nf then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the s f s3e08r nw.3udnr1smissile is fired toward the Earth?

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