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?作业考试练习?通用国际物理?Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

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习题练习：Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

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答题人: 匿名未登录开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24 切换到: 整卷模式

1#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

You are riding in a spaceship that has n6r k4e4kdw/hoh9(4f 5p mmvwaj 8u4qho windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determk h ( k9v4muj6earf5ww/48mhh po4d4qine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

A. You can determine if the ship is moving by determining the apparent velocity of light.

B. You can determine if the ship is moving by checking your precision time piece. If it's running slow, the ship is moving.

C. You can determine if the ship is moving either by determining the apparent velocity of light or by checking your precision time piece. If it's running slow, the ship is moving.

D. You should give up because you have taken on an impossible task.

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2#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed t6h17q x huxmhj..l u,no measure

A. the relativistic mass of the electron.

B. the relativistic energy of the electron.

C. the velocity of the Earth relative to the ether.

D. the acceleration of gravity on the Earth's surface.

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3#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Michelson and Morley concluded from the results b-t 0xzy9- u 4r gy.2yjn)sqowof their experiment that

A. the experiment was a failure since there was no detectable shift in the interference pattern.

B. the experiment was successful in not detecting a shift in the interference pattern.

C. the experiment was a failure since they detected a shift in the interference pattern.

D. the experiment was successful in detecting a shift in the interference pattern.

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4#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

You can build an interferometer yourself if y3ew )ef 9r, lk:ym(agiou use the following components:

A. a light source, a detector screen, a partially silvered mirror, a flat mirror, and a glass plate.

B. a light source, a detector screen, two partially silvered mirrors, and a glass plate.

C. a light source, a detector screen, two partially silvered mirrors, a flat mirror, and a glass plate.

D. a light source, a detector screen, a partially silvered mirror, two flat mirrors, and a glass plate.

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5#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the relativity princirxf:gxl kv*t-l;b * d1ple.

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6#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the three unprovable assumptions of ):x xkpw +ue-fGalilean-Newtonian relativity.

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7#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The theory of special recr/, zkh/ua r)ee;5/qg1dsym1 cmiv9 lativity

A. is based on a complex mathematical analysis.

B. has not been verified by experiment.

C. does not agree with Newtonian mechanics.

D. does not agree with electromagnetic theory.

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8#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

One of Einstein's postu0wavv fht5(:blates in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws w:v 0(vtbf5ha of physics are the same in reference frames that

A. accelerate.

B. move at constant velocity with respect to an inertial frame.

C. oscillate.

D. are stationary, but not in moving frames.

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9#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the first postulate of special9-arxbs6 -zp*bjx bv: relativity.

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10#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the second postulate o,dazqy** ee tn g1*/anf special relativity.

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spal-v(7, :va jx-.qg(ik /ld7z8ulxeon wl,xi bceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to thewv d ol,ev l,8:lajz-.nlu q((/bx-ixxgk 7i7 speed of light, you would find that it was

A. much faster than normal.

B. much slower than normal.

C. the same as it was here on Earth.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Relative to a stationary observer, f;c:h u 7f, id;wr( wavl) vi.vf8*kxca moving clock

A. always runs slower than normal.

B. always runs faster than normal.

C. keeps its normal time.

D. can do any of the above. It depends on the relative velocity between the observer and the clock.

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13#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The gamma factor is defin ,za3; n4mlc/grl(s m*9q wqqbed as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

A. can be zero.

B. can be any number less than or equal to one.

C. can be any number greater than or equal to one.

D. cannot equal one.

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14#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveli,8putvrhx 1-wng at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained op1vhu,- trw8x n Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

A. younger.

B. the same age.

C. older.

D. cannot be determined from the given information

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Relative to a stationary obsr+ 5 zwrdql /pys6hean,..i*yerver, a moving object

A. appears shorter than normal.

B. appears longer than normal.

C. keeps its same length time.

D. can do any of the above. It depends on the relative velocity between the observer and the object.

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An object moves in a direction parallel to its le+;nhg6+5cfgnanbq o , ngth with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a sg+g ,q nbacfhon6n5+;tationary observer,

A. approaches infinity.

B. approaches zero.

C. increases slightly.

D. does not change.

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17#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity th;;3dgo3dn(w tdf ,iuuat approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a swu dudf3d;o(,3 tgi n;tationary observer,

A. approaches infinity.

B. approaches zero.

C. increases slightly.

D. does not change.

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

As the speed of a particle approaches the 7+ne 1 senu +jl,rn/5dfsk+yt25npi u speed of light, the mass of the particls /1k ,nues7in de2r5+fpjl nyu+ t+n5e

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains the same.

D. approaches zero.

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19#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

As the speed of a particl(8dgx9 bx6rl(n vy/ 9azcsr* re approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the parti9x vn/*x 6ygd cra9rrz lb8((scle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains the same.

D. approaches zero.

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20#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you im+d fp0;nki, measure its length at o0f ik+mn,d pi;ne-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

A. one-half its rest mass.

B. twice its rest mass.

C. four times its rest mass.

D. none of the given answers

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21#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What happens to the kinetic energyl. cni.s- doa*j(s6yp of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass li.y nc( os .pa-6d*sjdoubles?

A. It doubles.

B. It more than doubles.

C. It less than doubles.

D. It must increase, but it is impossible to say by how much.

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22#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton whx wbi, mbccm led5* x;i*xwx./ymn *(.en its relativistic mass dou,b *nywcmm 5b.; emixxlwxi x/c .*(*dbles?

A. It doubles.

B. It more than doubles.

C. It less than doubles.

D. It must increase, but it is impossible to say by how much.

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23#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Consider a particle 661fm dj ,ggtcxe rl2+of mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

A. $\frac{1}{2} m_0 v^2$

B. $\frac{1}{2} m v^2$

C. $m c^2 - m_0 c^2$

D. $\frac{1}{2}(mc^2 - m_0 c^2)$

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24#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Consider two spaceships, each travx/t10q,ffn zfeling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velf n0zt/,f1fxqocity?

A. Ship A measures it as less than c, and ship B measures it as greater than c.

B. Ship B measures it as less than c, and ship A measures it as greater than c.

C. On both ships it is measured to be less than c.

D. On both ships it is measured to be exactly c.

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25#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Which of the following depends on the observer's frame zg* yqy vdrr 2h-w2:pq ,:d1ijof reference?

A. the mass of the proton

B. the length of a meter stick

C. the half-life of a muon

D. all of the given answers

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26#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

As the velocity of your spaceshk 4,u+x(htn qjs ez+zie+ 12rvip increases, you would observe

A. that your precision clock runs slower than normal.

B. that the length of your spaceship has decreased.

C. that your mass has increased.

D. all of the given answers

E. none of the given answers

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27#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what s)3p1 )b/wcvx ruvd)f rpeed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boax r/vwr fv )b1ucd3p))t is heading upstream?

A. 3.0 m/s

B. 4.1 m/s

C. 4.8 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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28#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water.3rv zo17:kl we With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a riverkv3rw7z: eo l1 that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

A. 3.0 m/s

B. 4.1 m/s

C. 4.8 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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29#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. ec4 grgy2y:(1y raf1zWith what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?grgzycra ye2y 1f:1(4

A. 3.0 m/s

B. 4.1 m/s

C. 4.8 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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30#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How fast should a moving clock travel if it ix x, sf.ozn-*wlp( wo6anb(aww5t k4/s to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one 5.sxl(f/aowb- x(nwtp nzk4 wa,o *6w-half its normal rate?

A. $0.50 \; c$

B. $0.65 \; c$

C. $0.78 \; c$

D. $0.87 \; c$

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31#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a p,76+smc kzl4 j*it3 u rsdl rnbvl0f)/lanet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the spbs mk4 lv,j szl+trf3ruin6 */d)l7c 0eed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

A. $3.2 \; h$

B. $7.0 \; h$

C. $15 \; h$

D. $17 \; h$

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32#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While ,sdn6k +,yngvssj -l6Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as me,sj, v66lsgnydnk -s+asured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

A. $10 \; years$

B. $12 \; years$

C. $18 \; years$

D. $20 \; years$

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33#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30s*x36ikp2w, -wltit n3n zzk6 years accor3n niw2zl z6 wiks6xt,-t*3kpding to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

A. 20; 30

B. 30; 50

C. 50; 70

D. 70; 90

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34#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A meter stick is moving towafv nz2xv af( 4.uqkw5)rd you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

A. zero

B. $0.40 \; m$

C. $0.60 \; m$

D. $1.0 \; m$

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35#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How fast would a rocket vy gnq ei56c02ship have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a 0qc vy6in2eg5stationary object)?

A. $0.50 \; c$

B. $0.65 \; c$

C. $0.78 \; c$

D. $0.87 \; c$

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36#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The length of a spaceshi/x*k yy7p3+gzuk lr:1b/gza r p is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a s:1kkrbg +u/*xr azl 7 pzyy3/gpeed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

A. $5.5 \; m$

B. $7.1 \; m$

C. $12 \; m$

D. $18 \; m$

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37#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The closest star to our solar systur *ucl6q)dt8 em is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relativerudutlc )6q*8 to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

A. $2.58 \; ly$

B. $3.52 \; ly$

C. $4.12 \; ly$

D. $4.30 \; ly$

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38#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light wmb)f-0 i7a r ql41itjyears away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.l jtmr 4q7)i0w1 aif-b800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

A. $3.23 \; y$

B. $4.40 \; y$

C. $5.15 \; y$

D. $5.38 \; y$

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39#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The closest star to our solam;5hr b09bq*xfv oy-/h2 efqqr system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapmbqh0/9*2xq; of bhreq yv5- fse on a clock on the Earth?

A. $3.23 \; y$

B. $4.40 \; y$

C. $5.15 \; y$

D. $5.38 \; y$

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40#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An electron is traveling at 0v7(s.qldxdv j -g aa//.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

A. $1.4 \times 10^{-29} \; kg$

B. $7.2 \times 10^{-30} \; kg$

C. $1.7 \times 10^{-30} \; kg$

D. $2.4 \times 10^{-30} \; kg$

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41#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the speed of a proton me6ukb0 guo-n u14,q eif its mass is twice its rest mass?

A. $0.50 \; c$

B. $0.68 \; c$

C. $0.73 \; c$

D. $0.87 \; c$

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42#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

If the velocity of your spaceship goes fgyb 04(+jns 4l+cov0o( dx5tjzdez)szhon-(rom 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will ijdvxnsot(cz (+d4lo 4 gys) n-hz0(z+ o0jb5encrease by

A. 19%.

B. 38%.

C. 100%.

D. 200%.

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43#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the momentum ,0yl)4,s2 1v* b)bu:b b cf0wzyezargp*c dgjin $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

A. $1.2 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

B. $1.5 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

C. $3.0 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

D. $3.8 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

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44#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

During a reaction, an el,s2 ;bxcfqn. k 3de4jhement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

A. $4.3 \times 10^{-11} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $1.6 \times 10^{-36} \; J$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-45} \; J$

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45#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

A. $5.1 \times 10^{-4} \; kg$

B. $1.5 \times 10^{-13} \; kg$

C. $4.8 \times 10^{-18} \; kg$

D. $1.9 \times 10^{-21} \; kg$

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46#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How much energy would be released if 2.0 pen jt9b;e7 1ekg of material was lost during a reacti;b1j7pne 9ee ton?

A. $1.8 \times 10^{17} \; J$

B. $1.5 \times 10^{16} \; J$

C. $6.0 \times 10^{8} \; J$

D. $4.7 \times 10^{-8} \; J$

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47#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The amount of energy equivalent t,tip 5w2u3fs do two kilogram of mass at rest is

A. $18 \times 10^{16} \; J$.

B. $3.0 \times 10^{8} \; J$.

C. $9.0 \times 10^{16} \; J$.

D. none of the given answers

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48#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The atomic bomb that was dropped/v53abgf kn+k4n +.qcp i 3qwk on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy iqwc5 q.3p+fv/b+4knn akg3kequivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

A. $1 \; g$

B. $10 \; g$

C. $100 \; g$

D. $1 \; kg$

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49#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of4hscqqk2u xpc+3: ,tv the protochq3sp4x c k2vt:q,u+n?

A. $0.02 \; c$

B. $0.87 \; c$

C. $0.98 \; c$

D. $1.0 \; c$

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50#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. W 0g/buh14 azy y1tlir9m8gq5kar. l8ehat is the momentum il5ru1q.g aba1yie8/y0k8l 9r t g4 hmzn $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

A. $5.0 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

B. $2.5 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

C. $5.0 \times 10^{-18} \; kg \cdot m/s$

D. $2.5 \times 10^{-18} \; kg \cdot m/s$

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51#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What energy is released (in MeV) during a reactijl4 kz8 jzl.omq (9w0oon in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

A. $5.0 \times 10^{-14} \; MeV$

B. $4.1 \times 10^{-7} \; MeV$

C. $3.1 \times 10^{-4} \; MeV$

D. $9.4 \times 10^{4} \; MeV$

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52#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How much mass is lost during a c4* b8x-v hh9 bk:tno.hkq9fu reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

A. $1.8 \times 10^{-8} \; kg$

B. $5.7 \times 10^{-9} \; kg$

C. $1.9 \times 10^{-17} \; kg$

D. $3.0 \times 10^{-22} \; kg$

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53#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.v,z/yt lz5m;c 95c?

A. $2.6 \times 10^{-13} \; J$

B. $8.2 \times 10^{-14} \; J$

C. $1.1 \times 10^{-13} \; J$

D. $1.2 \times 10^{-14} \; J$

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54#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How many joules of energy r hzy6 q x7j6vk7c+lj;are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to yc7 ;6q7j kxlz+6jhrva velocity of 0.866 c?

A. $1.8 \times 10^{17} \; J$

B. $9.0 \times 10^{16} \; J$

C. $3.0 \times 10^{3} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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55#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In a nuclear plant, zfo j i5/ 89d zcigwk5;bxbp7.$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

A. $0.1 \; kg$

B. $1 \; kg$

C. $10 \; kg$

D. $100 \; kg$

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56#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An electron is acceleriq3h f)77myrdated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respecmhiy3)qf7 d r7t to its rest mass?

A. 1.20

B. 1.55

C. 4.25

D. 8.00

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57#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You mea8hf/d l (cfss;fw*.p(,atik osure the speed of light from the Sun to b(fsalo .fh8p,w s;ct/ fi*kd(e

A. 0.05c.

B. 0.95c.

C. 1.0c.

D. cannot be determined without knowing the frequency of the light

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58#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. msrey5 64:p(t h1.mikwxl q7r If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as mea 6 etr1qxhs(rm57 y lwi:mk4p.sured by a person on either craft?

A. $1.2 \; c$

B. $c$

C. $0.60 \; c$

D. none of the given answers

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59#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80cbirin,,svef 5 ;4 qxw)6jkf 9c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship re vj4kn9qfii5x, b6)wscrf ;,elative to a stationary observer?

A. $0.20 \; c$

B. $0.80 \; c$

C. $1.0 \; c$

D. $1.8 \; c$

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60#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a spbg )v8wennwv )xq2,qz7 ft0 /oeed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to th), q70 qx2ovn)evgnw b/ 8wfzte spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

A. $0.30 \; c$

B. $0.50 \; c$

C. $0.93 \; c$

D. $1.3 \; c$

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61#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of m8t )avqax(mr7 zw)2i 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile wit)i(mt rwm72v8zax)a qh a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

A. $0.30 \; c$

B. $0.50 \; c$

C. $0.93 \; c$

D. $1.3 \; c$

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总分:61分及格:36.6分时间:不限时

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