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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other meanrajb o/ck-zed3s fv fe,s,95 2s for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving ass9veaf2- oefb c35,r /kzj,d t constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley exper-y ,91 :ipr yb4usru/m,5pqqqb v)gkqiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded fro gr:2 *pos;5fzliqo2xm the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use +6c.vw,x qdv/njav ,(qgkzy9 4y qlb7 the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity pri8z.plq 0nvch, nciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian r)(zufgn +c3 ohelativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativ3ffu m hw8ow:-c 8ak0bity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special tw 1 h*)bu qx g,oikh1x56f4ftl frkn98heory of relativity was that the laws of physics)u1t kkf nhlh bw, r184ff9iogq6 x*x5 are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special reo+fsdfvf7z:ib 6w.1alativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulavevktntwb;uz9rrn cv3 r+9jy. 5; 6d8te of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving a6s5 r5enoxl f1way from the Sun at a speed close to the5xe5f1n6l sro speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a m4s iso66 3u cd9c nrc6w4qd4gjoving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defineds .sru. 712(wgsgbclu sr3ke1 as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very highdmepu 4o .2m4m speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicpm4m24.ueo dm ts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obse;qetse.q,dx8(tiiz 3 3 mro*4- sirqprver, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction pa-9*dk8 ylst qxrallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of kts8q*l-x9 dythis object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with k7 joc4l 2mpi)a velocity that approaches the velocity jo 4pk7cim 2)lof light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approachesm34z miey2hd :+9bvfu the speed of light, the mass of the particy 3ih:zuf v2mb me9+d4le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mob1 8ggw ikf00rckq 95omentum of the par0gq8w c19ko5 g bkif0rticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As i n/k 6qqg;6n*s .fhhgwt passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass ngqh6 ks6wh; .q/gnf*must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relati(qm3thht ni1+ vistic mass doublqnm3+t1hi (ht es?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the t3q gbq1 :8 qd6lvar qvc0bmo2)otal relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass d lqvb mvrqq123o6b 8)dqg:c0aoubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mas7pi; lez3 -:ikfya 5s bx9mzp0s $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship Aj 0t7jde /25 ct jx5.fzhcfa5f is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they meatfc2fh5c j/ 5a7zdxj5f 0etj.sure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the obsea4jeqtmif,:f5 u(bd uhwj,hpga, :;/rver's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would obser ez6v;x3ht m1lve

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wmx x.nlq vjlu+o)lklqs .+08- ater. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstrl.ujoq.kx+nl08l)m+ vs- xlq eam?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0kx (yvvum(*5qxi e+5o m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstrea5m (* xv5 yuokvq+xi(em?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speedkx1*oqk wh p1x7+ogm+, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing +7goq1 o1p +xxkm *whkat 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is u;y:0/0u 4wfm za 0:hh.djpyd7nnnl k to be observed by a stationary observer as runnzykfn 4ydh0w j;pu.0dn:a/nu 07l mh:ing at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns i *ylmq0qt5ptauru6f .4q: 2cc-n6 fu 9g:pzx en 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much 5p x: 6yg fl20ea6mtur9zuq4 .qcqc*f-p:nut time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney,pe2 eq14rqk xjqa0 62v are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as a1v20qpk 64eqjq2x ermeasured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c fo (p2qb4vc3eq5 z b) nhht,zmq5r 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the 4bp z h(b5ez3qm5ntqvh), cq2 age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a spjq cfd0l(3f.0fb2q6i d gm/ddeed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to mnm;*4kdc f 6c2gsr3u sove to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary object) ncd2 s3fsr6;kucmg* 4?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaces ,:mgbb:x2bnn2d 3x**o tketkhip travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, n3tk,dmgx e*2 :o*bn: bxbkt2what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system i:vad t2t7x b ab(bxg8(4ao7jxv o o*a0bggm +*s Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What disto *aoog48gxgtbd vj(tx (:b2b 7*a 7va+ba0 xmance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 id;glm8 txt88 light years away. A spaceship g 8 8tmtxdl;i8with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our so8vn-jo; f.uqne1:k zolar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth;-1:qovnu fkjn .ze 8o travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest )qq0zw7y5tnf:+ pwpte 0 3pi rmass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest )qf5gjmdm0m, vlwb 0e 7nb/3kmass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from: d1i6 nu5hmwapbmnb k4.98nky3mk g3 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will in w k.6p5 1mnha:mkmg93id4kny 8bbn3 ucrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in ppc()y:tp v(y$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lose /iasm+ 2y,zgtm twv(dt7ak+/s $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a ueh8 plp(: 5hzreactio p:e( 5hu8lhpzn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy eqgw;cqx0n y l-koswd1 j ,k(46guivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killkvvaxkq1t. z hr, j175ed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 t1h ax7 k.qvz v15,tjrkons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. W86i;*6k /q*j/ocn tyhaxwpvc-4vjqahat is the speed of the proton?4;ayitwq 8*qj xv c j6pkhv/noac/*6-

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the mo/xssg 58keis /:lhd 3ymentum esx idgk :sh58syl/3/ in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reactio 1yfxc bemny:j y0-7k.f1-y yhn in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost du:dg1fjl90j uqring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an elect6 mefkhg/go 06 h;nvl8ron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required tooxr-e nk5hrrl8(tezg k9* uf8wocc9(5 c8 -xt accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a veloci5g8rkx -5(-eh9u8r w(8*c eroxcflc n tk9zot ty of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, ,ib5cap8u hs1/htx 8g$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By jwj+eib:9qqjf / z 4wu41s.yir:dza-what factor has its mass increased with resp-a:bjj zd .:ui9/i4 w+wq 4yrfj1zsqeect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket travl bi mqyv9atf 0:63qvb rm*x51eling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from th1f lbrxtm 3q6iv *9qva0:5mby e Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relativ9iv(3xdo - . r6a1 d*fgwnxqake to the Earth. If the ships are headed ga(o 3wvx9 d6q1r-di n*.xfkadirectly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. Ho.wo)wrb*vcwm5 0yf3krn, f- qw fast would light travel from 5 0* rvnrwoq3bm-f,kyfw)w.c the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Eartr r36knjw9env0ykc2 1q9 7yaah with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship thenca6n2jqk9 kr13 9ae wynyr7v0 fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. Thep45x6 x0sdhdsnp7j4d spaceship then fires a missile with a speedj04hp7 4sdnx6x d5sp d of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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