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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other .l 1s(b eb+bzgmeans for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at(e+ bs.1z bblg constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measuqz),e) pzqc 9 6wf9dgbre

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results xi p pg8;d)sh 2vh+0pgc-nbu t;5fb e0of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometeral+hd,5l8t a *pv 5p-i:fjyf d yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle5+fwe5kyuqk vqb 5g12.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprot xbzyn1q*: q,vable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special re i ddk)0ctl,hlm3 (di.lativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulatec + r fe/0xnbv2k;r jws+a.g5rs in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of ng;rrk++x 0r/f bs5v.e2 awjcphysics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of specil e34w )uhe8 1(rjzrb23wwn7yx ;em lpal relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate m8fi 8q7di61duvow.r of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measurlcnf(.b3, io* p 3w4uheqi dnjbu(/+ne your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from theco*wi un+ 3 /p3,(fb.j(d 4neq iublnh Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observa/z4 il+m hkbm+,vv )ier, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is def yv / l5zmyhy8jb/cn;4ined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship tr1 ;e(phcwfs )javeling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin t1)p s wefh(;cjhat remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a m m/quo fw:oe08g 8wivp gg-1f3oving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a veloc/ugsd )mh2 rvzw0 hg+4ity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this objm h w20z4+gus/rhd) vgect, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its leezbh8phj4 48w: f kg(qngth with a velocity that approaches the veloci w (bphje:484fzkgqh8ty of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the 1/xaiqh -:iv*0vj ey g+bbn(kspeed of light, the mass of the partich0( :evkji /x1yng a*-bb+qvile

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle 3i+2as rh5-im oj5unz approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the partic+n mjr2ui5h 3a-5zosile

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its l rm3su 0g)9aiax1r(euength at one-half its normal length. From this measu) (i0rum9aea3 1grx surement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic ma ,tl;ej1ily n5ss diteljl, 1yn5; oubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistiehe4 *j a21vq4v g4ejhc energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic maehv*g e4hj 4ae q4j2v1ss doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle ofya 8o(cn)r/ rfve1mb 5 mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is rp o8tmq.u(pv/69yy6 5wqs qkmoving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity ofs /9p.qrvp8ko( qy 6tmy 6w5qu light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer'si:3 4s6g uf*qsxigrl9 frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, yx b4vysb t- 43 ir22zveqjyb,djhm6) 6ou would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wi4+qhs7dn(iqan0dj/ol o2r z-2vh: jo 6b+vo wth what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the b+/ bwo(0 v2+vhqhnqa7:-n6jl j zroddos4io2oat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in egi5lex i a15.still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, xl5g1.ieie5a does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relatua+bl*hm b:im 0tm-x9ive to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s 0m:b-lh utxa +mm *9biif the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed (lbez,hq ho;12roz)025 hfobjndf-x by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal rab rd n,25oh j(;hhox eb2-q fl1z0z)fote?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returnr4j1uiiefu 9 5eeh+y6m3ifg )s in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much ti +9im5eire3 h)1u6e4u fgjfiyme has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. W..vc;l8ex8 am2f euophile Courtney remains on Earth;xfm.a.peo e8 uc 2vl8, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed ov zid 00g+ 6xvjc6uqp;f 0.80c for 30 years accordingv;v xjqigz6c+06udp0 to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. Wm7suld8bi) g-y l*xm ;hat is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper l prjf7h+n2qug,(2v ym ength (as observed by a stationary object)?(mnq7gp ru+vh2j, 2yf

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at v) dd.xl .p4kfrest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to yofp)4d.dx vkl. u?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Al-r -4oghjhou 1pha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relatiohu1-r-j4g ho ve to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 lm+cl)q-lr r. cight years away. A spaceship. ) l-qcrlrcm+ with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system i,fpdy f /)rs:5c2avr bs Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much tir,rs5p 2fb/dv:yfc )a me would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its oq-.dhdky,.8o.wbe rmass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if i/8 ng e;myu ib3ylz*7cts mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of yx5;ar4n+k; wjsjr 8j0ue- t nxour spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increasj xju84t kxnnj e-a wrr+5;;0se by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum .54dy5b qclhoeet 6hx:f p49 min $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element loses j fnx7ob buq.zx6 x;ipvdao 71+3y6p; $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of maters;ppiz: k rka ohcf e7)59kn-5ial was lost during a reactio;7h9 i5ks)n pore afkzp5- k:cn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at -0b havh0 q h22mehxx:rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peopl ((ur(gah pbst nf+d/w a1,2eekm (6roe, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT ex(/tah+,nrw ks( pea( d gur 12b6mefo(plosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. up/ u6wsi o53 vcj1( kk).wtma What is the speed of t6kuc 1)aup.vo ( 5 jm/tsiwk3whe proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% aqe yd *4sp+i3of its total energy. What is the momentum in4q3a+i sdyep* $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (inzmf7 bg( 2qsgkn6s s1fbjry/j7ti55) MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a react 2ko1wpg8e w+dion in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving pb /ttjbsv2/ bqe 6;x1with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accel8kjc w 1ec-l*lerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.86l8ccwj-* lek16 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, (xsid0nj(d qdi*vr(k u43z b1$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated througpayjys(0f.k,ni9nipksym;; 48 n wp q* z6 cc3h 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased wit.6a n,*w3ycpy9si8 ;k4cs(pnnf p ;ziqkmj0 y h respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun atg9 vnutr0q29p 3wxjd-25zm j2ign4 jv 0.95c. You measure the speed of light froj-qjwi52jgvt2x n 49 nvg0p3z ru29mdm the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are travelifyuhi+ra3 ,rnw)gi /*ng through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as me i u/h) ,grw+nr3i*yfaasured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a sp)3 caxv r9 tg7rtsqn/;eed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights ox;q9n7cvstrga rt) /3 f the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceshix7h rrjsg)1f w ofw.,1p then fires a missile wiwrfo,h71. r 1gx)wj sfth a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away frg/ro/(zk/ sixrkw/re+d2 i, rom the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missilw(red/,g /k/r2iik s+ roz/x re with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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