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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no window mo8475a 1 ck:+ienhoylt)zl ds, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is ozie ml cdo7k5+):th4 anoy81 lutside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experime3g9 (v sld bep+m8xe)sxgsl; (nt was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley coi0llpons2 l4v7v-3xf ncluded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you uc;qg;eeo h)nhb)(v f;,+.colj 6nc sjse the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity 5; l4( ;:cmoffbb76wnhz oq*g 7voaxp principle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian )yx.b3 fh5e f wo3bv7h)yt b0brelativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativif,e*- jz*ztxjpt 4 b6hty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating thgr- ezqcvx ak/zs8a5rx/f 7 4;d;-zzqe special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same izkdg;sx v8e5 f r/zz q7c-r-xqaa4;z/ n reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of specixys ysl(/b,d.al relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special renkv7 pi)eqk*db,oeh-* +zg0o t0eq2tlativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship mov.((ru4u1fagl :vz k iuing away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you wf4ui1( ag u:(k lvru.zould find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, b cs5jme:ym()hqx b/+ a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definedrgy)ld3og, h .s3w8r5svgf1(7 o ofdh as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very cqef227:qj b2u(5+bmnkyny v high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Ejn :7+yqyqbum(vbe2k2 5 2nfcarth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obse la*5fk. 08x8wq wwnuerver, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direfa5a,/k z) eryction parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width ofryz ae) kf5a,/ this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a directip)s xhc6q -hp223qvplllho uz(z5 /e0on parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as mea)3zluzp/phq v h-lq22oc ( 50hxp6sle sured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mas54alb,fan iuzvu l05.s of the particleia.bl znu0u 5f,a v5l4

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approachs6rsx;n kem2 9es the speed of light, the momentum of the partkr62sxs 9n; meicle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high spee qdacdyc8 /kl,ui97) gd. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving sp9 l/a8u7q dccikyd ,)gear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic enm.;o5dwn 27xlbww2) l4bzrtoergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubles?2bb wnr 7lm2w;t xdzlo5w.)o4

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total rewelz2gv(eut: armg(c33cnh8)c f-,q lativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mavmfe, ec r(nz g2tlg3( :wq8) cachu-3ss doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of : +z nh7:v; ug8vszoqtmass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0z3*sdlh oe r z,sva9j i/)6f/t.50c in a straight line. Ship A is mot/ov/)h6rfaszj3l,9edis z* ving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the obsjq4 ht+b2 raf 6,zppo b8kw:p:erver's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of yni-b s7twe 5)tg90-vbb tedf7our spaceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in stgs (jz 4t5ou.cill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boa 5c(gz.jtosu 4t is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With c3q7tlx50 ibbwhat speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowi7b0it3q cbx l5ng at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/: 37(pjm eqwz; ay46qgjoe9l is in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowin amq o3zqjei6 ge4wl;p(:7jy9g at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a staren2q q,r8/u*bftnsek8 y2 4mtionary observer as running at one-half ite8*2 ks/b 2ryqet ,qr48nnumfs normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 howblk4 / yc8aej)vv8 n*urs according to a clock on the spaces*nyj48bv8k cv w)/laehip. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. Whu nn+fg1nrv4 4ile Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How oldfn41nn g4ru+ v is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed opxumf1/ y oe/b:z g,wy,35sy nf 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based /1w fus/nmy:,y x bpez,5gy3otwin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What wyk0xr17.i vj ;v)ug* ub9h.jpolg 3w is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to conpzt 0cum6x)y,tract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stxc zmt,)u 0py6ationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spacesh o5ht io8.ips cl5s)j;//ogafh z bb44ip travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does )g.45 h/z48ta/ f5b pojosho cilbi; sit appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whichxl81kr1 p1w xm is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel accorx 8km11 p1xlrwding to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri,vp5: 5dc zc t+ojkjg5/c; zl-o which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. Hod5c-; : cvzjpltc+ g5o/z5 ojkw much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Cen0rxo/3o d a dfggq)4vyf;d3t;tauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constantqdd;fvr d x;0o/g ftg4o33a)y speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is trave4iu08 -fz ;rkqguavk uy2q,:aling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its reshv t2) p)5nmcwt mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then yourbfd*cl 5: 6lvi/ye 5tt mass will inc5/lty*ctb5d6v l:ef irease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum i:f aujs8rv2 1an $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an el,l/2 efp2pp ytement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a x*qf+ +x dae0o*uj 67npx5qmv reaction?von x xx+eq0p5 qmj7d6+*a*fu

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass +l-v2 po28 p6lwc. pc9vwqcmorjh v. 6at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasakno rd.k 2lru; uovq6;+i in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass.uv n;6qud;+ 2krolr o was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energlq-tr 3fwa s z+ba q128qgf3p;y. What is the speed of8s3 2aqlrp31-bf+wfat;qqg z the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a px;sk q* (imb:froton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum in :x*qmki ;b(fs$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (inkl: ;tk 9s-k/n8mvknt MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reactiki:b4s, pqdglu.;x )gl q(i 7mon in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of a )vqw f7p8-uxegnijsmt4(n.. n electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are requirp -dr ) ljjw( 2rwibm/)f8ov*pl;g7bxed to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.8 *br )b8mjlwxjp )w-27/rodg il( v;fp66 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, ht/qzli m90 3 zd cr4;.dnxxk;$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its m7ju3ujr9. vjkyyf /m:ass increased with respect to its restf .7jrmu:kjju/ y39vy mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling u.bke1+3rx+rzqo vi9away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun to b o.ek bz+1v+xurqri93e

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through spa/b;v .q.x3gip4kbyz xce at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is .p3bixqyx ; g4bk/.vz their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast * v8 aroe:osw c0furje78k84vwould light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to48 fs*0cwkvoj:ar uer78 v e8o a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spa-93jwb hm+n guceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?m-9whj3n u bg+

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c.9nozi *y+r1m+ zfe7f s The spaceship then fires a missi79f+yiznms1 z+ ro*e fle with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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