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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios(z gz4un jj.9+1odzu nje y;z9, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What s9 yj4dz 9.n1zgznuu (j+zoj;e hould you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment(c5tm 2aini73 ;q; e2i csqsix was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from thqn i euy)ys+;0e results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the followingd/jutv;b*eg4 components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princip0x 0rx/ 99lkrl9kfq . avfjvj;le.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonizs559a)ktm7iue/ cu-knjj sws. tl)0an relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativitys8:kh l a8ge :+my;ijr

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the specia0-bpnkix7qto:y *o r*l theory of relativity was that the laws of physics a*-op o*i07bx k:nqtyrre the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulatef4zv6a/n/aqe;w z io / of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate o3. wm)3 bbbsegi6ta;ku*;ly ufl;jb:f special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure you22,gxhgwo:c5foq tfk2-r+ bf (; ul lyr pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find 2bflqco hg;ot +g 2u:rw lk ,5fy(f-x2that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a statioh j prv+rzdml6xmq7dp7t,e77*n co( 2nary observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definedo-gq*bexun6i n3prc7l s n1:i *6 vz5i as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride +w/m1gzjyy 3yin a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, wgyy/mzjy1w+ 3 hile the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a t9v)j zg;w wmnflx*55m g-6hdmoving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a a4gqnp) ,: t-7wv+,ugf vcirgdirection parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measurea7,u,v+ g4 trgcvqip gw f:n-)d by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity thath/5c9(g bks(oz b7p huhbvh q /,rf0b1 approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary ob50,b9obhkf7c(uh r1/qph b( z/vbhgs server,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approa bg+pi4a*l* dic i-) w-edt5r0c8birb ches the speed of light, the mass of the particler*0*wgiie-dbi 8ba-c+ib4 t) rc5l p d

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the s6; rl u.m1elwc*bge 2jpeed of light, the momentum of the particlb.* 6u;jg ll1mwec2ere

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As itwht0p ,0e c orbdi;.fw3nvzgf9 e,5:s passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measuremeif,d,egh ;.v n30pcw :w90fobr5ezs t nt, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy pra:gjvvu(7 d*a oton when its relativistic mass doubl v*v7(:udaagjes?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy pro1g7e6d 6 l 0mhrnfwks8b zf7w8ton when its relativik6e80dbz7g8 mn1rwf fw7s6l hstic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of masr.s4qv0 tk0ny .(uhqws $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0mov4j )/(i0m jrxvc2c.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. 2c0jjox crimv/4m) (v What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depa7qjy ehu)c.u 5j6 ,ajh,23 f.fhqnon ends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you w:imo:qci, z 3could observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shorxyvbswz;7g.1 mk+, mue, does itwk 1+,7m svgy;mbux. z move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relatm7 :j zw( .pkzls+l1,k4u* rx/mu hbkoive to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstre h/mbmk+l. uos, lxk1w4kpr*j7zuz: (am?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the mv5k oxcm6x/r+ /aopls)6+yp shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if aor p/6so+pyc mk 5m) +xx6/vlthe boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observeddzb k.lld1u.- by a stationary observer as running at one-half.d duk.b 1zl-l its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstoypp u*;1f o 1q jnh(e.py4b5ztp journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on5p( epy u4ot1h.yq zbnj;1*pf the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initiallo4z xq ck4*qcq,*1gonqar/( ly 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five yeaacn*qr* cqoq41gq/zkol(4, xrs (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twink:/vp.zht s; e brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clot evks;.:ph/ zck on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. 211f8u m anpupWhat is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to hhwububj.3 vo1rxw2 85ih8.n galf of its proper length (as observed by5 bjwrhb8g 1h w8vuu2o.x 3.in a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is ats6bp57sk11:zv*xiko g/ c +2tewe *s4ppscy y rest. If the spaceship travels by you with z*vco*5+t1k y/cigpeps4w2 :bp67x ssky s1ea speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is r(+ofllcc,a. Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaclfo +c. l,c(raeship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Al9pydrweb5 lkwq25 - 0a6g6 iwj3xg3m qpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on boarw 95kji ma d33q- bge66wxgyrwp q50l2d the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri,904ndjvbj/ j bftd:f7q8. frv which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Ear4 jffd8f .b7/nqv:b0tjrj vd 9th?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. Whoez (iyeb:er u5 2a19mxn 1ga2at is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is tg/4xzicxbb ,7u 4s,qkwice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of yo:2 dc-:uvgh8 :tls am*djtma,ur spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increasad lcmd, *a -8:tjht ::ugvm2se by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in pk.9u: p+ng, wons0o1 snoetfow3 9d,$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elem 6xe: qacq.;ikent loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of marh/z 93 9lf:wuhk4bjyterial was lost during a reactikjurw9 439zhl bf/h: yon?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy eel;)eo v jz z4obzg:36b/ hrep*/:qoqquivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peop nup/xxdk7n438k ood (le, helping to end World War II on the nex nx 3knxddu4/(o p7ok8t day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What isrh4bc. siw:/ybvt p p*44pel./5xjpz the speed of the e *./rb wicy5p:/jxzp4t spp v hb44.lproton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a cyx/( oh vq2z kq 9tjc3k6a7n:)fkvbn.w 2*dv proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum .h:3avf b*)dtcxokvn(q7v c wy/9 j2n6kz2qkin $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a 5k4mvh z-:bi20viak tl 1ss ;zreaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a react ih3i(wemy06:(r+w)b ixut-gq(pfk hion in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total en bad,b9/v o;ohergy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required t1qadde xa87g3 o accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.8671g 8a adxeq3d6 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, s8kkv7a01zb v$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor qrno80 ; 4bcbm r9b.fxhas its mass increased with respebbob9nm q8x r f0r4c;.ct to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure thm ,.pplk246+y 3uo.qtmpl zpve speed om 6pz moulp ,l4.2.kppy3t qv+f light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth.aup(06z.o4z.*v n4h7 rthhjd w zjd3w If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?tw v*z 0.7 hw.pjz4 4u(6rnohdz d3hja

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is l n8rrbu re-,h,b mm)gp)u9n8k4m9zr w. y+ ldtraveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of rm-hun8dw 9pb+ ,8mk r 9 4ryn l.e)b,lgmrz)uthe ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves awayty6 m9 a5rxi c8r;zlq7 from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a i 7talqmrycr; z5x 698speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Eawhln 7,s l 3mzr85oeh7rth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if trw,sem773l oh58z lhnhe missile is fired toward the Earth?

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