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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship f,nsc m- o-samu8 : eo9ynzt3*that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure3 8s u9*am f-mnsyonz,-:cte o what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morleymu l,z5cp:+. rdgb;y h experiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experi0y. pa*) de9j ,nh8xv rujnhb-:wdsg/ment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yk0 gvr dd 57jqvs7-0ahourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princwhd/ )w7h0vr jiple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable .tv8q/v3p ) jybf;fjoj 18fgpassumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relat43 fuvu5dmf *py;s lv9ivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulate39y.tcvsg2xz s in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the szsvg.y 9 x2t3came in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativijwn5y .nh-(ex5tcx9w-58 dxyig4 jio5 yluq 6ty.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special r iceu-1n3 63h mx0ujghxtn) -jelativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measur30.h gdwnc ;.gwt9nljf(uqpd+7t z 8ee your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it wp;f9 wn ztd .eqg.0td(c3h+jl ug7wn8as

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary oi+*hrjs4c3 ) gy/a m0 (jyoeopd,y+osr2 9 mgtbserver, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined a+b6 58oy8 w jmoa)uvwis $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in35fx adrc76m9evm gg3 a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remainsamdg xrm3 9 e57vf6gc3 on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationavn3c8wrl) )8qkg +kt fry observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocit.fexumbshsv) s4) q(;y that approaches the velocity of light. The width of thisuse m) .;s(sfhvq )4xb object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction paraeo 2u;3q 3qimejtxg:4f)-fupneom2 -llel to its length with a velocity that approaches t)qoep:gj3umnf mui qox4 2-e;e23tf-he velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle n)nl40nl*d xxapproaches the speed of light, the mass of the particleln nx)04xdln *

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the hzxa),2 mx+a bjs7f 2jmomentum of the part ) zfjs72a mbaj+2xx,hicle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you m9+)f,y s jlrbieasure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that slirjy+9 f)b, the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic en4a8u yyv g,wy,ergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doublgy8,aywy4vu , es?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relata)w:tu .5pcxdxscrtw)p /.4eivistic mass doub psp ) trudc5c.):aew4w/xt .xles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle us 6yn8 5dw7yn ua(5amof mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling am4i6u;rkc z(jt 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from thezi4r6m;uj k c( Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of referen:6u,:1 xsbpgtv eoia; ce?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would observo 3y;gk3 nyc2he

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sn/r /v6a;yk8 yuypyh 7till water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowivyr 6y up7yh;y/8 nak/ng at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With.ha0ic ckp(c*zsg)g p*7(xq/ ks 0lln what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is gc k lgsn(l.xa)7iz pc*p q0hk(c/s*0flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Witx2k cso 5+ly,.u0qsaesg uj0n( 6 )stoh what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that 2u ycs. 0sekg ,ts(6o0+u)aoqns j5 xlis flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock trave * 4a1a z sonyxh /59;s5ak,ypf9wtizll if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at onesnap1f asoi*/ x ly55;h zk4t9yz9 wa,-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in*zmswtu)l e ep6/ 8cf/ 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much p tf*/ cswe)8/e6zmlutime has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initiallytog1)a/xgp)ci8/eib. x(x0s s tsmf ) 10 years old. While Courtney remains on .sbs i/)xg01po)8 e )ticf(mtxxags/ Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.h deqs*r2e wx7i /-1n jku:k6c80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his n-s*c7/e k wxurke61iq: jhd2own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward yo 1sxq9h+v.rnk rs19*y;agkaau with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its propeyowpkb/90/,0k )gveb y dqx1rr length (as observed ek bp/)0w1y9v0d,x o q brygk/by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship tra )v v79xlows;yvels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what le;ov lws7vyx9) ngth does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is;zeoqi /x2cn)o)2d k r Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A sp2o2dqe zxcr;i)n o/)kaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.34l9c 6 pdqn;x, xgi9uw0 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative x4nd; p9u qc,6lg xi9wto the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha + 0enlge mlo8q4o 3m4gCentauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative qome+ ne3484lg l m0goto the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest+12hwq-ta ymrl9 db+k mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mass?fz,;3wn5+as9u g msgg

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from)t-st(o wch.yf3bq i7 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will 3wsqc7tto. -)b yfhi (increase by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum 98p q63ug mzw -rdszu6bn e73jin $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemzk4 ;zo4zx ru*ent loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reyugoo)4zzo1i h) 9t 1daction?z 1u4)oo1h)zo d t9iyg

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass ate zy(on ,*c+yd rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 kiy xn fvwa+lt,)8mw/b-lled 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to th -alf+,y nxmw/tb)wv8at of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the z(+qp 3mc9o hqspeed of the zq oc(3h +mq9pproton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentut7t3 /ujk- qe s;klqy1m -tl7 3yj1skk qqt; e/uin $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in whoab5)c 5 vj0mlich $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost durmtsyye;6; ks8ing a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving w :47dg uf(gd,m ;9rebglz l. agrvo0/vith a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass frp*alljvmvn q:f84 ,;f 1q0jgrom rest to a velocig q0m,8vfv* npl lrfjqj ;:1a4ty of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, +yphpit873z nys x(: p1q*fbx$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerat:sq my5re*q rfyjcx :;4u(qk7ex( z+ hed through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its refymxqr xk4*:7:qsr+q5cue(y hz je( ;st mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure theqmjz x .aj-c8p/ z/h5q speed of light fr xz5camzj/8-./ pqjqhom the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If )e9jd9fjzs m. vnz)+e the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as mz)9s.eejj) fznvd m+9easured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast woulnqxy 5xc(hh )rtrx4 w+:e)f6dza)c6 wd light travel from the headlights of the ship relathtwx cx:rwnzd xy ra64cqh+56(fe )) )ive to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away fr/lklks.4, 4p y h/hljbom the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth .,hl4 lj4lp hk//b kysif the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed -lx87fv b3 4v-ibsmm;. a /6vmwehwrq of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired towb l3hwmv;mvq4 -rs-/6wexb v8fm 7.iaard the Earth?

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