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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a space ma w0sm6 dg8z9ym;fwoov 5zbb;h58e1 ship that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or movingw5;8 85fbmog zha9 zvw ;1b yeo0smdm6 at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley4v*iu2yiggnehh0 4s l;e,l+k experiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experimentygr:4njh h)e1o7si5 q that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interf l*4l4htvk, i 4y(5lg hel)wxmerometer yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity obmb yfz: x/m3*5(m32hthtdb principle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newton1 j1gaq6-n hwyian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relatfrd(q;5q.gmbudco (/*p)3zr pcd ny7ivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in/esf1d3 va 0kq mt9(lzk (jwpzz.jbn y3:/uv 4 formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference: yj (z t/zbm0fz/k41sdvjlvka(un39.e qp3w frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of spy b0.ub ggc.*a(g 0xegecial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postul dpcy7o9*r46. r uzscaate of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure yoc /n+ 5ep6weoaur pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun npc ew5a+ e/o6at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer,;0 tx2g) 1qkzzcvk8ki. -k6ld*vnpqv a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definw 8: h6nyxg6fhg*qml1 ed as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high spe aij4:t. vn1j3q(vzkzed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronauvat1.iz3jkv( n z:4 jqt twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moxnr/x r- 9hxp-ving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to i3sn) nepw : uf2gg(-spxf:/qcts length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as mfg2 (n3)p x/:qsup ewg:cn-sf easured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velev 9b fynif9qz3u;+f 2ocity that approaches the velocity of light. Thyuf9i2z;v3 qef9f nb+e length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass bk2 kq)pwx86uof the particlew2qxpk )bk 6u8

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of t9cf gyw+dvcs1 nf qeanz(2(51he particl(a vgnq91( zfcey s5fdw2cn1+e

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you anwf7j7 (,ip sqt a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear w,qjnp(i 7fs7's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic m:u f6m hq*ljj nn) 2jr +y5og((;lmlumass doublesrfy2j*um;+oh6l j ( ) ljum:mlqgn (n5?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton wh)- d cw;)t(uurrutqs)j;h, rp en its relativistic mawpc ,)r (j;r;)tq ud-tur)ushss doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mas/)((84z kqkv+ wwfuecodsz 7gs $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships9bey zg,w ie2q xmbo876 f8lk(, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocitx9meg 6ilke z 87y2q,fwb8ob(y of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's f d )lf5jf+vyvf zs8 /9afbc;k4d2oab; 2rd/i rrame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increa:;v/;rrqra :(bjn +,bdbvtbb ses, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still waterum ,1yqy*3ixxkb)o8kqdc cj*l, i. v ,. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.viqlk ki ,,bjm1y3*x,*c o)dy. cqu8x0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shornfn7xz (l(v c(e, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading dovcnz x((fnl(7 wnstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.owhz p8 uo*(a50 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does u8powo(5 h*a zit move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving cl6him7p1u4 jkp tm3nk4ock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal 6ih1 7pt4mk4m j ukpn3rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns oq2y2e q )o*dxq(ivv68asey1 in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaces6q*yqy2da1i8 oovq evx2 e) (ship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 year r7mdam tb9/l:s old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which trl9mbdtm7: ar/avels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed ofl09eojb n.kaeyn: b )4 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age)lbenk9oyeb an.4:0 j and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you d tra2h v+ppq*8b-h; ke2u fn-with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to l. (wfz+p2meje9w99yf - g zdihalf of its proper length (as obser-(yfjw zzle29 dei.fm99g pw +ved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m whnppaclu05 f-d:4pu4gen it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you w-n4pp5 g c:adpu0 luf4ith a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4+oj*t(nbuwi:cp)2 i641byo )ieaz( pl ejtx 5.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel)tp *i(tbi)5eoiojcu4z 2a exw( 61:p yjbn+ l according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaurw, :vwxvv:;qtz )x p* az++cvji, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time woupq:x+vz), *;t:cav j z+wxv wvld elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our skymt:7z c29n*/* sxfdgxbr4kkmr 6+d(ptb5bolar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would en k:bmdx/ (byx+*cgr tpk5r9s 2bmt* d7zf64klapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its yf9 ,3ozqu)tsld1.a ymass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mass?r 2eypnqe 58+h msjktr (2r16a

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass3u0x qw,*cf5 knk4ri39fqe uv will ie*35c 3 ,qikrqfwux k9nf 04vuncrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in4bjk*1t/so uh nsc/ *z $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an ele+)l.arwju 3lq ment loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost durjpkyisf.0rlou( -- f;ing a reactioflj0 o.f-ry(siu pk;-n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram x q5azxe9v tbv:l1(c,l nn s78of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people,i/evv q:mh8o8 pz :oc6uj 5/sg helping to end World War II on the next day. It released emgq/p8:o v5 zij6 se/ h8cu:vonergy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. W7am zky-s, bth 7,jrn4hat is the speed of aj zbh,y4-s ,nkt7rm7 the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentu )az+ )mul,kddv;ko jm+nl 2u8m in nl+d) lk a )uzv8+;jmdo2 mk,u$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reacti4ie wo ld*pu0:jp k03uon in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost durinbx(./mb; lk dfg a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving k yz/0 4 nidezax/:mc(with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to a0vk ;6 s we2o8k.sjf 23sibwvuccelerate one kilogram of mass from restsk uki36v w.wjssf2;2evo80 b to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 7g l (3ru*t9 qj)7fhzpou.x rd$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelj+zdk/td0s 3 berated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased witd js3k 0+dzt/bh respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun u)moynn)+ u sb f;*cr0j l*y2oat 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun ry)fcb2 ;**+jl u0un oynso)mto be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling thly96:h2z vrhw,0tpb0mj88c a qualw9 rough space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as mea:th9lmw0hal 2u0yw89c8p bj rqz, 6vasured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light trave8tb6 rj6ldf 4hl from the 4 fhbd6rtj 68lheadlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away frbw ;srb6o;fl0 om the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the ve ;bs;o 0fwrb6llocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the udu;27we n,ppu3 em/bnsf5 c0 Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Eart0m25wsce u3f/ ; ,np eudb7nuph?

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