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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that ha e+4afnfh4lq2 ;8w u) myr0lx, k7qyzes no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to det8;qayqefz 74lu m4 yr0hk)n2l fexw+, ermine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley expexu4 :xi4khpg q9ix96friment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of thky :x. fv3mmi/eir experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer tl 33o8og *c:pm+ddmmq+/ jhiv la3o)yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativityr2skz:8z*byds clv 61,xu s)ga*x *fg principle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtoniwbq/)4 zif yt: klooj63fy,cu-l39*wkkt.l e an relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativiid3u7 ej j1dp6ty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special j(u 0e*wygrr/ theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are* j/uwryer 0g( the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relq8rfg3d7i : rs(k;p x7kxdq1m qp80bnativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of s8 nz8wvl b r33r1t rj:s/qwts*pecial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a s grv 7x-sm2-grpaceship moving away from the Sun vg-rx m72grs-at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a 2 fzhcll-dw9 yr0yx)e)ws99 h moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is dek2, w3xwk wroqm;d65xtv j fdke0 8/+kfined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high spa(suj0d tl/;p ibcez2x/ o7 d;eed to a distant pxd/0e; ua27 d(lt s/;jzb icostar and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving obje,b 3+5rrcb .p2: poln0e xjscwct

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction paj7g l/8e * ;wnubs; 0hqcnj5gyrallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, g58;nynl/js*hcwgq j;b e0 u7as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that apprbg5apjq:. 4 bwoaches the velocity of light. The length of this 4qwgj a.bbp:5object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the ,;o4ytgc fym o+f5 g.9 zopqa(speed of light, the mass of the particleq;. cofpg(f4m ya5+ ,yogz9ot

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the 9csa c j5x.bl3w f.7owspeed of light, the momentum of the particawlbc x jf5.9ow7cs 3.le

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. , 6o7.7 v9*u qkbuob-jetg uktf3- mixAs it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. jof6., ug7kk it7x u*uv9mb 3b -o-teqFrom this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic massuwe4k :i4+m2gdn. ww x doe : 2.wxi+wum4n dwg4kubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total1qat4vqc,v 6(:x 6ar)librz x relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doub1 ,q4:rl)zqcx aair 6t vv6x(bles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of m/ :s5du 4ti-mmmus4mg vw,w8mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, e+21d1-nh q/yty g tfcu3lil6each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity1+l ei2 hy dtg-fcu6t31yq/nl of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the followi4sikv gsy9dj3ujlvzc 9bl*q2i1d 01 6ng depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you we gfcyb60scc(y.a v8:p;ilzpd+e (:uould observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With 89y+7b e lpzmn a (5gpuwm-2zdwhat speed, relative to the shorzz8p2y p9ude7 l+mn a-( 5wgmbe, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shajvoqjg.hbo21d 0x/2.8 ops j ore, does it move in a oj/ 82qx og.1.vbjp hsj0od2ariver that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the 2x w1r+5ijouy/6c,+oc xsdt:,c jlf g shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at6,x1+sf o/gw5:idu +tlc, jcoj yc 2rx 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to b)knn7vebqhet..:wnu7)v t w.e observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal ratww)nt v77)kn. t qu: be.nhve.e?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonsto(k6x*q5kkl ti jlf.-,iw7ya5 o5 pjw ip journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Ea,.7y* o5iwipk w(q t ilkljkf5j6 ax-5rth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Court/w5orsg3tr zmf,3 -x pney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. w fmrrsx-35 p,3t g/zo When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brm;b9pm ed08*4pmul egother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, whatdp e8;m*m4 p gbul9e0m is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of e entay2.dw6n jtk 6+* 4xp3ox0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocrl c:)t(s1g):r aa fg3yzqkn2ket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary y)k:rc taz :f1( rlq)s2gnag3object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. q 7 zjp:0fhk6*zyvuf. +r xdp7 If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length doejz *vy:7r0dx7zp.+6f kh fpqus it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which istpyug+9kn g) 3 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels tog+93u)kygnpt ward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaury hek ivq6k tox7m/08n87d*t ni, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spoe/6yhk7kvqi *t 87mxtd nn80 aceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar syszaj (a-n bs *v *fksbya;/.g1k44dc,y ,bzwyttem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship witdbn bbsak4vgk,zf;t4 ayj.yzcas(w 1 */ y*-,h a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. W6n mx9nh, d1rn ;heua,hat is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its masse v:04 ypyn7hd is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, thenzj xe+rj3 j nz9qxay3((n7 w8x your mass will incjjjn exaq+3(3y(8xwr 7z 9nx zrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum ihqpd6mvz66t* o yzh*o2tuw f f40v8 (bn $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element loses 2y i; h-)ick9tqh6xd w$4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would 8t)y4o )g*h:ewcrfi qbe released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactif)t cqg)4hy oer :i8w*on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy eqwpzc.o 9ri16m uivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in qin8jow . hl2:1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to t.q 8w:lnhj io2hat of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy oyq6z5 c7 i84p l0klmjqf a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of theq0qj4iy7p kczl 6m58l proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its j:iogx( 8qku9sz+ se 1total energy. What is the momentum ij:iq+1ou se(k8 gsx z9n $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a r;l;wvz .*7q,xrmxvr neaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost durinvr0 2q+ 3+0t.c;j wvzpajvp izg a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving wit l(d;m;mz71vvgy 5ekth a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are reqo 17 ex+xn(ues5vvyi xs.y ebc3yq(;/uired to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.86v vey n qbcu;x5os(sx7(y1/xe3i y+.e6 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 3.*bx ogx+ nmssd vn*.$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factoyzdn)c/e*6zt8ewd-d r has its mass increased with respect to itnd6 *)ed8z te-c/ydw zs rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun aty,m/hbtb, j w7 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the ,t/ mh7ybwj b,Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relatii qx3i h91l)7i vzt;bove to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what q7ztl 913i;oxvhbi i )is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast wouldbryf ;5cq* 2bcouvjw /o:.1 xq light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?; bcbf2y.1jvu/c* o orw:q5 xq

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c.ir;8w0tt de)w 5r)c) fc 4hqfiow)c b0 The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative tow4b;d hti 0)ortew)08 r )cwc5)f qcif the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spapc- gwd:44fgqp: hz6gceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the -6h4z w:4d gppfc g:qgmissile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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