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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no wind3 dp/*ki8fw rfqs54kv ows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should yo rfwk3ki*q5/8 4v pfsdu do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed-hb-jrvea6l9 il+x h9 to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from:wpl0/i3 prewzj x1l( the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if youaycn3d8 hmna. 6xbp2/ use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity psn56o bh r9fk1l /v6cprinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assuyf0:3l2ew7vyh k 6qfr mptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativitqr 5-0x3n 1o)xciu p ieo0x7ghy

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating thek)i 5qfm ,ki8h e *or13k1b 4.qfanm,/thc ywe special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference fr1*e84 ,qt, orebkm)fiqm.ia 3ckfy1 hn h5kw/ames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relx8i n+))bx fhh-p9 yc0gn tk)fativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of speccd mfc dlqr m+xpa4a 1c/t.(4;ial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving va/ebxk7unjv9p; 6j -wti9, 2ob7vh:jsw3 b yaway from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you e- w:3 vath;sb79njb9 w7vji6,boxkjvpu /y2would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a +ff,e .j3nn )i.oslgz moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definet0chs.whelsi2s 5vb1 2ani40 d as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space my7c( ; wbr w2nlrj89qship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remainec(28;ljr9qww ryn bm7 d on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a(c6 m7bbfx) uo*yu5 gx moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocrlih;aozd/ l( ok5+o8ity that approaches the velocity of l+kloaor 8/; io lh(dz5ight. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velociq0vuq -3rt 49j5qtqfity that approaches the ve 4 tqrqqfivq-u0t9 3j5locity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches th;d(-u850 uctik; ) tpcil ayage speed of light, the mass of the particleg;5; alud-ta 08ut)yic(cpik

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the cv0l 77vle1x urlrti1d u)g4; partiluil ;1 ct1l7r40u)x re7v dgvcle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its et vygl* -t-n:-al m;slength at one-half its normal length. From this men- atts*e;-lmy- :lgvasurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativist ue:q xpdpwg9jx ;fpi r-,6i/4ic mass doubl6guq:/, d xxw9prppi ei4j;f-es?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy o*q2wy((z5,dme i rvv ef a speedy proton when its relativistic mass2* ,v 5q(v mdiwery(ez doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of malk0+/. wdtflmc,.mzxss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c i jycw7j-09gzbn a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away frz9 wj-c70yg bjom the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the obsehfmntazn0k l09v :n/( x- 9ttarver's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would obser, q/xcea1ml; zve

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relativex;j. zx hy;mxho 5oaew72n-8 c to the shore, does it move ine2cm;. xn-z;hxj h8oo 5ayw7x a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s iezw. na4er 5p.gh3re2n still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, 4 2hw nrrea5pe.3e. gzdoes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in im1ffx q 2,4w p7m/oehstill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/w27fom x/me,fh pi41qs if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a st/m) .c5gdx(h;enemocrf-u6*7m ao 4 ofdfm.eationary observer as running at one-half its normal r4ercff*( g mu x.h5n;) dofe6.dmomo /-c7eam ate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours accordbu:p,m344vo7 batlz n ing to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship lt7b4,a b3 zpn:ouvm4is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtnge*nhw v2l b*+ey remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upo*+ 2bnh* gelvwn her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin4zagge w ;:97-/p8q bgyj hmyd brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the space9:ap;7 m -gd yq4ggye8 wbzhj/ship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward h/pwe* n zf8,dyou with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocketqep:4( wj9yf*pqy :n9n ar an5 ship have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a statioy(n9p: j*nr: eqay 4n5a qf9pwnary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m whenm307yji ca9 (t.nqgk e it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you wic 3 km.qi0gn7jeat9y(th a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whicr1jlv6fx4df9bq6s- 8xan mb+h is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What d41d x fnb966f8+ bras-xml qjvistance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 ng/n 4tn enr09b)fie 7light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board9)4t 0gnf neb7nr/ne i the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpw*mtq6jgp+b, wdzwj; 4g 9-txha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spacbtg4j,9wdpq-m w; g6j x+w*t zeship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass 6 hlkitw2,+wp is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a pmg5ami0 t0,:vaxr:oaroton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c ttuef;46, adbsuqw8n 1o 0.6 c, then your mass will incr t1ufausbd4e ,w8;qn6ease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum1nqz/l h b 4x2ad,-axn in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemenj i/ mfs)dg5, zji7vu)t loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of mater-m mi6 jdy,b9; +kmeswial was lost during a reactioyb9s, -wi dm;+mm6ejkn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest ugg40h l15a lois

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people,rst 2e5 kg*l1j helping to end World War II on the next day.2kr jl*e15g st It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 8bo cdcm801v :w0% of its total energy. What is the speed of the protcmd0 1ov8:cbw on?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. Whatqooz*vf /upwz:8b /,i- 2ln yj is the momentum iz uyv,b/*:o 8n fziq-2 jow/lpn $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (i4zy2l s:2au1k okx/+l +huknl n MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during azi kn: ro4lq8il*26+fel )po m reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with aip i ekpk+c-/)qp1 /m-pzo4cx speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required tohj 16sr,jxj w4 accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a veloc6jrj w, h41xsjity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, t 26:qqq)+eh. u fdn(wm tu;b9h,vf ay$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. Byw ha*x3 cs)hj: gvh8 uf6w8/gd what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rejwvu 8ahw x8/sdh3g g6*c)f:hst mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket s 6xw:m 4d4snotraveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from t :n xmd6s44oswhe Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative tf6 rk9((h)kb nu0 ggzuo the Earth. If the ships are headed dnz((k 6gfru)u0 9k hbgirectly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would lighoylm7b-o4a n /x,gg4ht travel from the h/,ohg o myb4gan-7l 4xeadlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earrj q/hcymw:. 6th with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired a /y.crhqjw6 m:way from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship tfa62qky9i; fgcpn --3hn /p zthen fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the vn-knf3h-9 aiqp6tyzcp;fg/2elocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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