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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, oxswuvh 6zua/x 7+))ep5q jb3p r other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant vx / z)6wb+)p5u uphexsq a37vjelocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was desil,3x b7u+fqcf5qk ym 7gned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded fromj5 ths1io( kl0s+tjmht r- 6vi3 (/uxv the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interfeh wr8 7xn09hsmun1v84z7 qo jurometer yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princ f7agu jo,q uc++k4 pax3t;,eciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.xz vwo x/m78hd.a38m8fg)ds z
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special rela8:s jw3*+d;eikrp-u ;cwb heetivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulate.dm;hfwls9 4 du(zq+t s in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws ddq (9l.w zsut4hm;f+ of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativity. ;g awgjgn*0o7(awu/x
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of s+:pced oky5 (s cdv/r6pecial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measur (q(-:n+jp ucrb0ptn6vip (pxe your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find pqv- cn:bj r n(p+(ptx 0i(u6pthat it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationng8m+qvip 3 0pk( ,asoary observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definedwcjqnts,sgq829b 63kk 2v vgn08+vdj as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space shi 4gh+;i cxij70-s kbqlp traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut t7x0qsi lg4- ;bjck+ hiwin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objex q2vd*3c jej9ct

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction *d v(eie+ v(xdparallel to its length with a velocity that approaches th((v deviedx *+e velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in ab7qfyw -r.auh a5tzz6)hkk0 y2 (ky (t direction parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as mebzut5 (ya 70) 2kfr6whh(ty-qy za.k kasured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approachesp 0.;zsggsmze ge/0.zoz5)7s:n qmx t the speed of light, the mass of the particlezegnmq5. : 00z sp;gxoes)gz.tz/ ms7

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the spe+y 1b3quvg/u aed of light, the momentum of the parti /v 1uaq3yubg+cle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its le+va,h box*jxe v *,1rlqas0 i1ngth at one-half its normav,x b*0jhvs,aiqo*axe1 1l+rl length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistiwqcq8g c05lmz0qp ,o . nk1sv;c mass doub0c k; qnz5w1vc8ms.og 0 pqq,lles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its re/.hf7 auu+ ebp7n cna-; s4vyxlativistic mass doubc;77 -4n/y.ebhuaxu+fp a vsnles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mass 7,qbmu xw5 +v f7uow.n3rb1ah $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. -dtlk+u r8g,zo5 ot5dn dp.v 2Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocit,ttvzddp5-gn 5 u .ld+o8k2 ory?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the followi)0g h1pl uhbx*ng depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would ob -* 2t- hm65o zmiw:3q vsj2nsnplny+gserve

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relao.i ucn,jwg9j-o3 /eative to the shore, doio.j j ao9/3e,c-ug wnes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wit6 +:fnk tuuutj2,2jrgh 1+ zpyh what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a rivjkpu2ygj ,tt f uh1zn+2u:r+6 er that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With wd-k-s0t5i w o,sjr /awhat speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight acwaoit sj/,-sdr5 0k-w ross the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a movinxp ik 9) v-tm9wisw;k/-)fe afg clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal rate ) vif-9 tikw)as-wxfmk p/;9e?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a plawgzf l4 khl/1 p;jhd:.net and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If thjwpkzg:./1dl 4f hh; le speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are ini;yk jra6u pt ),z.djj rr(-.)n7v krfltially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turnsr d(7;rj-jurvajpzlr.kf n. t)) ,y6k around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brt8f;ffpk 1k6 fother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twi6fp kk1 fftf;8n brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its lengtx7 -3s d0sb)en z9:yli ps nzq,(kul1zh?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half o. j hfz,./o l0wtdkarnxz(qdf2*v )j na02gr, f its proper length (as observed by a stationaz0n)f,j,*araqlv/f ( n2k djt dx h.z.rgo0 2wry object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it i. tj;f6/nzd6zeo chak27zhf 4s at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what lengte6htd;z f hkon.z4c a2 6z/7jfh does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light year7ha3 n1xa)c8 qkf7 cchy; kn1gs away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according takn18kx 1gyf)ccq37a nh hc7;o a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri,ft8u6 irtgh:wppk 17 ;sa 1ce) which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth tr uewtkh6f7 rac;t: 1)g8 1sippavels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centr:v*h ip8 it1zauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the *:ri v zhi1t8pEarth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (;gg8ox rjom0-ez hz*(The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass * )t1e(luf ;ntobwmpf1-v e9g is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then yvh -uje5uq,5 nour mass will in,ju5v 5 qneh-ucrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in e3 f+6p)tyc ds4*fz8uhi+:hiou-a sn $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an el-uhsep(j q h4h5x2x ;cement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost durin)5i1kl 7cqg gm/ar,ox g a reactioam ,g1 cg7l oq/kir)5xn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogra anzfyg5sb1m mfz2v;58x-7 gmm of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that wakg cro. 6b3rff7 jxw9r58i5nds dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took plko gcrr.n3wrfjb58x f 57 69diace? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What i6*p1;v,dmo.7s sqckfbwhxdib 9* ua 5s the speed of the proto fb q u1s*d*w,.od9avkpbscx5mh ;67 in?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What ixxuhqwh m(x/:0xq4z6q3i u g,s the momentum iu6/g0zx mxq3hx,ix: q( wh4qun $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during akx 1;/epj q(fw reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reactioghq*i4 alntmd. e+4) dn in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed ;ar823wrf+ y(ql*zlxb2 psf sof 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mas.d. -d c ovmdc6ew-8:r7fu sxw :lf8hgs from rest to a ve- .crc 8 lh. 8owdmxd: uf:vd7-6swgfelocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, ljp;i - mi:te3d0z gu3$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accel it0 +d 0+q3yfrmvvqx9erated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its q0q t03m vfrv+x +di9yrest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away frokc7 9t29+qk0tlqepme p z2l)im the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light froe+ lciqt l)9m0e 7tz22 qkppk9m the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. Imwylh: +0sk.y f the ships are headed directly towark. m+ y:y0lwshd each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling wii66; uv u fiqhaj9/3iqth a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship rf6iiiv/6h;9quq a 3u jelative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away fro1j4 9*o5mqsscqsw: psm the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fireq9w s*j1:mcsosspq5 4 s a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceshi;ivm9e++ qts rmp7 1exp then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is f 7i rse++1t9p;evxm qmired toward the Earth?

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