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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spacesheg1iq23,dla+u 1c- s+a w hrtdip that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving ,-g 3i w+h+1ratcdsaeld21 qu at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was desig:kzaoo0a 31mined to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley conld0ld409p ytryq *o opkk3t, 9en e9g/cluded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the foll)y70a hs9na bx41 y;;bcrpoy gowing components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princi)iabj6qoal ee1(*b* wple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable sf1nbo7s 9hg8h6z :lz assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of specialg x.4aa.sl;t d relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory 3,jkke2bzm:a )u pf)haw;n y)4yi us2of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames2ie 3m uzah u 2:)s)n)kjfk ;apb,4yyw that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of speciv2bj8m 2oh-b6l4n fk tal relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate e,6s 8gkqwqrc)7 nip;of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from tha5hg bhr)x*+ge Sun ath5 bh )*r+ggxa a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obna4 mp:-lfqd;server, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined a- wniyv 6vo4k3s $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in acmbl .d 6g5*fa-y oxj dd(pz 5zc;r+k4 space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twi+o ;xjp*azkdcflymzd.45rb g 5-d 6 c(n remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a q*owyii4j8b)ma3h w/cm 4(iymoving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity th2bg nt 2o0jt lr;*kd5yat approaches the veloci n*r ylt2b;goj20k5d tty of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction pay.af5u-ntly*- ao ccwz. m )v7rallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of lwtzoa. u- fy.7v)-cal cn* ym5ight. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of lldg 6. 8e5duzqight, the mass of the partic.ldd86z5 ueqg le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of lig-1zi rxu s-ywkv75f (rht, the momentum of the particlr1kxzr7 i uv(s-wyf- 5e

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As i 319dyk j qj.4kgt(ig vxo0r2 xe;bp)bt passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclut2jb(yi)k1xgrpb q;. x 0dj3g9 ekov4de that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kiqi+ugl fqie,6* 2jvv:netic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doub2q eq6,vflv +igj*u: iles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the tof6 s- c)xlki1bkw.6*(ya)qez3 cts z mekw;6etal relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativis6wzm36 lqyw bske1x )c kz6c)t-i( kae;*es f.tic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle vei 7tj r/le5l::2w,)xqjs arq 7 r)alof mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. 7kpxr 2sti7eq a2by 2 219bwgo24so,zwj lxm; Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measurx1l2 ;bj7two2o,2kb zsy9iaxs2mew7 2qpg4r e for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on)wvc . ma.w.zp the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would in-)s5yyz )es observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed,i zj8cf0l+3r s relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream3rl+c s zjf0i8?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative tor* ,fkzs:pm2o;xc /zr the shore, does it move in a river that is pr/o mzxr,:;zs*kc f2flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sy:dd70z2j,qaypz m xs2.d*ho till water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does iz ddqsoyhp*:j.y0xd 27z2,a m t move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it 4gac9 6;sb;sl :a+zqri zzu k8is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half itszrazuk;z g b+;qi9las8 cs46 : normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and retbk*+*:ko pcv .s:o3mc .a2. j:avfszk4rkpow urns in 10 hours according to a clock on the s fvs.om .kbpa3:r cs+ *w4 ::kack*zkpo2.vjo paceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 yeacu+ bi8j7lvsgqrm31r/.i o2kf ri7o;9bek e ;rs old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her rei u+8liqevk rr9; o7figsb. / 1brmcj;7e32okturn?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother 0ktvc0v a-e)y takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning toevc0v ty0- ak) the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is if c6mt,m1c0 7-( jcivllrvil,ts length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contr 9i+*eesx bf9uact to half of its proper length (as observed by a +* e9ues bixf9stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest.1ght 3hz-9z ds If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, wzgdhz39s -ht1 hat length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which e)s t+adrhxp iw--dtfs*jb .61.tp,wis 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to eh1 r-wat pds,.dt+.-bw*t )sx6pf ijthe Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 lzanr9wex 2/mbyd, /+ eight years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How/n2zrbxm,w9yee+d a/ much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which x ptj2or+.ejc; iz.,swb:f3pis 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels txp2tifj.rp:w+ b3s,.jz;oe coward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass )b 3dp ak c;t 3arbqo(7nnj1s-is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of73+y1 kjwfvsr a proton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then mz9r2yb 3 *adfdoc9v2 your mass will incrdd3 bry 29*azv2cmf9oease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in * mhkkqi5ry6m)+rq./mq 9pc g$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element loses54rjsco bg;/a $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost dubm(o-p7-7pu b+u yye p-f u6sgring a reaction?o+6fuu-ebu-mp y sy7-b(7pp g

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to tuth e;o2 6d/6qu rjgh6wo kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, ;8 g )2cpxe0m s/1onfjw4kc*z qo:tc mhelping to endjn4ec /mcxqs o* kto)0p:2z8g1m cf;w World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the sp;c bbz9uz:o 8vv,0l aseed of the proton?9 b z0zu,8cal ;v:osbv

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the xf:41 nv0c0eb2c,fwy tgn f-pmomentum in - v cxn4c0wfn1t g y2b,f0:pef$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reactionx02wjnc93ay 4 ao7pp z in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost mt(w d0ydj ,d+m,8 ;t4 jyyco5gmys3bduring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of )5r;rq (maj yman electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required 9nlvcgy8 :9m ato accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of ya c99v:m 8lgn0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, mxns rz.0x (5ho 9e4:u9os jch$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor ha(ntyp-dhmt0 l(hu 15fs its mass increased with -h0nhfmt p1uty5 dl(( respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measp-, fxbi1a34 rw+r tklure the speed of light from theakbrr f-x+4p1twi 3,l Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through spaco .g mp-5c3 *awqsu57ynouk z0e at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as mey75a uus*m - 5gpozc n0o3.kwqasured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c9g0; vds9v aib. How fast would light travel from the 9db 9 va0is;vgheadlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The space vbmbj15)4 f;ihfiez.ng 1dt0 ship then db.fe0v ;g hi4m j5 )bif1tz1nfires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed pjwci)6k.f, j of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship j)w6.fk,ipjc. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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