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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or othek1)l. hco2 0rypjuzy/m e6.gyr means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at consta6g/ yc.e) ru0.y2z1hmk ypljo nt velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experim2 nf gd+o2w/eill +.koent was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experi* aozcuf-*9ioi,0+jztgwj 9 bment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the followy 3r*z /k.cx +obzlv3npw8jz*ing components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principj q) arlsd,8(ole.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonianuua 82 ugv()bl5e6mtw relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativitwi y6 k/.1;e9tbthvchy

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativity w8ewv3dy5*i7f ;(dl, :pmii (wrxobau as that the laws of physics are the same in referd, m:b(v3 udylfa xipiwiw*oe578(r;ence frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first post sm.mjcd3rt4(ihn 3w9 ulate of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of -g 8;pwy1 ebmx:imp -h/3rvxkspecial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spv,mx ett*lm3s1 co /0lkbl7y. aceship moving away from the Sun at a speext . sko vem/,c73lty0m 1lbl*d close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obsa/ gjnd6us j7/erver, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defin+rr, *tbck0 r: jf0zjned as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship travel8.:zj*mfz g gjing at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that r .*jmz:zfgg8jemained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movinamwvzk9 cs+ 0:g object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velybi59*v 9y/h *0l ,b r1payg0krtxfdrocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of blta* d gx0rkbyvpyrf9,9y ri 15h0*/this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction pxk1gw,hr(f1x arallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this oxfxkr,1hwg 1 (bject, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approacheq 0odes z;gz0.s the speed of light, the mass of the particle 0zdgs. zoq;0e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the moment5-6ebep .m doigh x)cg r+.y7oum of the particled7i 5 bmhogey. p.6 +gx-coe)r

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measuroff aj,0j. h eu o5(os1yz-ra,e its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the mov, frzs,u5.h-o0yjfa( aeoj1o ing spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kineti3+gr) jloxz*+,b rzjy2io-aic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass dz xi * -zb3+ylgr+, oao2rj)jioubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic *8*lpm u ru0ddenergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doublesdldr *m puu*08?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of eej;; :cf9pezmass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships f- sbf80rjzm+f5gdbw029k cn, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B0wfmk5g2bbj+9 - r nfsfd8cz0 is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame grs - 5gvxo05zof reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceva7vc 3l -v3kfh bz80zship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative t:gbj kyq izib; yn,*c8z cwui1- h2i**o the shore, does*ynhz*c*8, bwiic ki-2b jyizq 1u g:; it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0ha8v*56m3 hw 8/rnepb yb -trt m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowh w5-8bvb ttneamp6r* r h83y/ing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relat87bzuni- p 9deive to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across 8dn 7u9-bizpethe river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by xqtpd((8akek-9 uec:a stationary observer as running at one-half its n:ekea -c9kp dq((x u8tormal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours acc-h ,*jm ntz2cuording to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Eazn *jum th,2c-rth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney,h/wovj7p yit930p 6.k 94zhv7gu yv kg are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 93 uthgz./ypyoj7g i06vvkp7v 94wkh0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trdbuye 2; 3kw:q fnwg+-ip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spa- b3 2e+nygd q:;uwfwkceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a 1 oc95rimq- rdspeed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contr0 oqc wi8kfb --p5,rjbact to half of its proper length (as observed by aobqprf wjk80--b,ic5 stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship (jcp6fz4xrcm4ee r5 48 fkf 0ztravels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length doee(4 z rf8f4emr4cx0pc6 z5fj ks it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30is xwkp0+ ,37 v,fzink light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a p+n,wik3kv p,0x fz is7assenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to ob6hsm8;idd -(pye+oclkcg v r u1vh09gp:1f3ur solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceshiv63h ecfyugdg ;cv rsp 8 1+ld9pm1(bki:h0 -op with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaurcrs q3(1rt xeu*o5fx .i, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constan ufoe1. x*rt5sqr c3x(t speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling zywpdw7nmy(z 4sg 4g(y, 3ek )at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is)ilfmuf:6o(jc9xg 34ei* vvt twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of yokq80ajm,y 4dkh z*g6s j1*eduur spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increas,h*dj k kyme16 gzd4qa0*ujs8e by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in x37ho0rsks(c:4-.lw uoonmv $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemewy jka8 ,l528l wu2c 4bojwbm6nt loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was los)5d s8(hguqv6a3dt s kp7ry ,kt during a reacti58 ts6dgsa )yk3qk,rpd v7h(uon?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent ts .62esv fcjq(o two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peoyqt:9a0p 2 t -+a3hbnrifv: ec3dtf s2ple, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy eqv-3+n:rpt9 ibsh0t:cfea 2fd3 ta y 2quivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is thsjgayxk 4e46, e speed of the pr644aygk,x jseoton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the moment4l 69 rzce 5lrik.u9whum in z l.hclewr59rk4u69 i$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reactio1) zf g0fk8htpn in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reacly8+)u tc9mqsz4 4v nation in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electronmk) ; l;3k toslnk j5,d7s9jic moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of en00re5.;b;xs jw6k rb28mr kf)uva cziergy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0k;5 0ex.2 bsfc)iavb r8kr; j6zruwm0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, llztj 0c8 ;yv;u,+xqybr fq4r5(n ag)$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV.p6m83ed)wcbl By what factor has its mass increased with recd)m683ewlpb spect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away frlkx541)c 62r5:aarz;u r b8lkqiqk ntom the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun to beu :br6al1xnqk 8;rqa5kc t i2lk)54 zr

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relati3b 9l;7vvtcltj (j(xive to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what i bc7tj9 ; v(jix(l3vtls their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c5df2d5- ,lfc npx3pzolz6i h:. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the 6lhdin c-f,z5p2f5dox3p l: z ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves awacv7ufj:w i 6(cyt7/e,*bb go ry from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. /6*,gi:7fj( vyrbtwucb7o e c What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away f an2yv5:eez1xe*+r lgrom the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c rv 5leee2 a:yg1znx*r+elative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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