Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity - 题库网 (tiku.one)

?作业考试练习?通用国际物理?Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

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习题练习：Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

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答题人: 匿名未登录开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24 切换到: 整卷模式

1#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

You are riding in a spaceship that has no win mce:v 6gc h, plb00czrs moz+9/(sp,wdows, radios, or other means for you to obs zwlm0gcro: /,,e6zb mcp9cv s+s0(hperve or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

A. You can determine if the ship is moving by determining the apparent velocity of light.

B. You can determine if the ship is moving by checking your precision time piece. If it's running slow, the ship is moving.

C. You can determine if the ship is moving either by determining the apparent velocity of light or by checking your precision time piece. If it's running slow, the ship is moving.

D. You should give up because you have taken on an impossible task.

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2#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The Michelson-Morley dj.+p-sahkki 56a *dsexperiment was designed to measure

A. the relativistic mass of the electron.

B. the relativistic energy of the electron.

C. the velocity of the Earth relative to the ether.

D. the acceleration of gravity on the Earth's surface.

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3#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of theiq cp* u4pw+ve6*gn dv- uh2g)jr experiment that

A. the experiment was a failure since there was no detectable shift in the interference pattern.

B. the experiment was successful in not detecting a shift in the interference pattern.

C. the experiment was a failure since they detected a shift in the interference pattern.

D. the experiment was successful in detecting a shift in the interference pattern.

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4#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following i xk1/y50pm(tq :tc ih.j luk8components:

A. a light source, a detector screen, a partially silvered mirror, a flat mirror, and a glass plate.

B. a light source, a detector screen, two partially silvered mirrors, and a glass plate.

C. a light source, a detector screen, two partially silvered mirrors, a flat mirror, and a glass plate.

D. a light source, a detector screen, a partially silvered mirror, two flat mirrors, and a glass plate.

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5#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the relativity princi(6 2 kzjwe4 fy)d-.:bu,:z iava fwawqple.

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6#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newez2qa+z7fr1t3z.re )vxyo ru(h) t,itonian relativity.

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7#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The theory of special relativiyrbsuv: r1*.ljzgn :.ty

A. is based on a complex mathematical analysis.

B. has not been verified by experiment.

C. does not agree with Newtonian mechanics.

D. does not agree with electromagnetic theory.

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8#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

One of Einstein's postulates in formulati;u-/5y lhhmoing the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames m ou/-h5;hilythat

A. accelerate.

B. move at constant velocity with respect to an inertial frame.

C. oscillate.

D. are stationary, but not in moving frames.

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9#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the first postulate of special relativitsv7 ujm 8ogv00y.

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10#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the second postulate idn-jz, j7g7/ef: vxc5 wnm 7nof special relativity.

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

If you were to measure your pulsf f5lu2,pg.., ahvlx ve rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light,vauv ,2,h .fp5gl lxf. you would find that it was

A. much faster than normal.

B. much slower than normal.

C. the same as it was here on Earth.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Relative to a stationary observer, .zpezycm y7e h9ihyehnlg:wi3 6g *8s.;mv4+a moving clock

A. always runs slower than normal.

B. always runs faster than normal.

C. keeps its normal time.

D. can do any of the above. It depends on the relative velocity between the observer and the clock.

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13#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The gamma factor is defined ab86 q8 fhq41k b4v* vkvmtt*eas

γ = 1 / \sqrt{1 - (v / c)^{2}}

, therefore gamma (

γ

)

A. can be zero.

B. can be any number less than or equal to one.

C. can be any number greater than or equal to one.

D. cannot equal one.

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14#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Suppose one twin takes 5rnif(vp; (mgx;qqc6a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the otci gnfv6qp5qr(x; ; (mher twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

A. younger.

B. the same age.

C. older.

D. cannot be determined from the given information

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Relative to a stationary observer z3vq62 mdmj+(o*8wx a0u tjzz, a moving object

A. appears shorter than normal.

B. appears longer than normal.

C. keeps its same length time.

D. can do any of the above. It depends on the relative velocity between the observer and the object.

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocg5t7w(b tg uzxawx,6:gm0q 5aity that approaches the velocity 5t 7:x ,a5g xg6(tz0abqwmwguof light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

A. approaches infinity.

B. approaches zero.

C. increases slightly.

D. does not change.

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17#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An object moves in a direction parallf-fbtfbvz amisy). 5;ap,h. : el to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a s sa. .: ,fz)imb htf;yf5-pvbatationary observer,

A. approaches infinity.

B. approaches zero.

C. increases slightly.

D. does not change.

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

As the speed of a particle approaches the speed o/e blxa(*kwb) f light, the mass of the particl()xlba k/* ewbe

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains the same.

D. approaches zero.

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19#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of *tccvz ny, zx)v: /zu3ddr:7glight, the momentum of the party:c r3 vz)vd7 xn,:/zugz*tcd icle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains the same.

D. approaches zero.

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20#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. A-b+ rt4c anlr y7lov+7s it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal lv n-ly7+4lcat b7ro+ rength. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

A. one-half its rest mass.

B. twice its rest mass.

C. four times its rest mass.

D. none of the given answers

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21#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton q(fg k. impq-x r1gn4)when its relativistic mass doubles?fgq ( m).1kg nqi-xp4r

A. It doubles.

B. It more than doubles.

C. It less than doubles.

D. It must increase, but it is impossible to say by how much.

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22#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What happens to the total relativistic energy of asmwuj8 (t);decr) 8q2kef2/nh in0 ku speedy proton when its relativi /r swu;2i et (2j)0)dc8hmk fk8unneqstic mass doubles?

A. It doubles.

B. It more than doubles.

C. It less than doubles.

D. It must increase, but it is impossible to say by how much.

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23#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Consider a particle of ma: (t-f/n jdg mbe01xr;yr: slmss

m

and rest mass

m_{0}

. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

A.

\frac{1}{2} m_{0} v^{2}

B.

\frac{1}{2} m v^{2}

C.

m c^{2} - m_{0} c^{2}

D.

\frac{1}{2} (m c^{2} - m_{0} c^{2})

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24#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Consider two spaceships, each traveling adbt1/wd w i htv0:8sb-p(pj5mt 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science offi/1b ph:(w 8tdsb i wjv5-0mptdcers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

A. Ship A measures it as less than c, and ship B measures it as greater than c.

B. Ship B measures it as less than c, and ship A measures it as greater than c.

C. On both ships it is measured to be less than c.

D. On both ships it is measured to be exactly c.

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25#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of referh */)uf itsd:aence?

A. the mass of the proton

B. the length of a meter stick

C. the half-life of a muon

D. all of the given answers

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26#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you wqs h- t umysl s*q4 )l:jvuho5xyed0:7p1p; s+ould observe

A. that your precision clock runs slower than normal.

B. that the length of your spaceship has decreased.

C. that your mass has increased.

D. all of the given answers

E. none of the given answers

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27#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still watew*lh:e4o,iaen vnv/fx) 82t1c ft b2dr. With what speed, relative to the shore, dt*d h2nev,1 8avi2of/lt w ):efncb4xoes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

A. 3.0 m/s

B. 4.1 m/s

C. 4.8 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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28#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still w/ ctgy2 tm,kf/ater. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it tgm, f/k2/tycmove in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

A. 3.0 m/s

B. 4.1 m/s

C. 4.8 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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29#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wit3.48x k hzut/dezh,p eh what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a zk,euhtpxz.ed 4h/38 river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

A. 3.0 m/s

B. 4.1 m/s

C. 4.8 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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30#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary oumerxc*n3l1u: ni:f j z ;kq:8bserver as runnin lx*1nnu c krzf:e38j u:im;q:g at one-half its normal rate?

A.

0.50 c

B.

0.65 c

C.

0.78 c

D.

0.87 c

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31#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spaceship takes a nonstop journey too v(jkr9-dq/5;w jd6j*sdi k o a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is koj ;v-id59*rjod j wk/ds(6q 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

A.

3.2 h

B.

7.0 h

C.

15 h

D.

17 h

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32#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. Wh+kl uf /rd(o: l91esdbv2df2i ile Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. Whd+:o(r u2l9e/ds2if1f vlkbd en Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

A.

10 y e a r s

B.

12 y e a r s

C.

18 y e a r s

D.

20 y e a r s

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33#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for y uz dy1i*p,4xzea-0c 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth--pcydxaz1i 0e*uz, 4ybased twin brother?

A. 20; 30

B. 30; 50

C. 50; 70

D. 70; 90

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34#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed o ,f.qmpnyp66rf 0.80c. What is its length?

A. zero

B.

0.40 m

C.

0.60 m

D.

1.0 m

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35#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How fast would a rocket ship bvw6k43rk2 ndrrjbp se/8 .d3have to move to contract to half of its proper lengn rpw3ebr342 db vdsk6krj/8 .th (as observed by a stationary object)?

A.

0.50 c

B.

0.65 c

C.

0.78 c

D.

0.87 c

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36#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship trave g zz:q4ba) ujc5l8/lels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to yu a4b/gl:)l5c q8jzzeou?

A.

5.5 m

B.

7.1 m

C.

12 m

D.

18 m

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37#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The closest star to our solar 2 z7nxts 2bf2ysystem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does 2 b tsyn2xzf72the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

A.

2.58 l y

B.

3.52 l y

C.

4.12 l y

D.

4.30 l y

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38#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Cd4t -oke7er1v entauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time wo1ke dt ov-er47uld elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

A.

3.23 y

B.

4.40 y

C.

5.15 y

D.

5.38 y

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39#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centjz4dk w :4pn8oauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the:j4 wodp zk8n4 star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

A.

3.23 y

B.

4.40 y

C.

5.15 y

D.

5.38 y

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40#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest massk yq)gc4*vjr) ;/nwr3e ) mgeh is

9.11 \times 10^{- 31} k g

.)

A.

1.4 \times 10^{- 29} k g

B.

7.2 \times 10^{- 30} k g

C.

1.7 \times 10^{- 30} k g

D.

2.4 \times 10^{- 30} k g

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41#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice 6;rj b8x 7:fypeqjt c /ytlsd6o5kh)8 its rest mass?

A.

0.50 c

B.

0.68 c

C.

0.73 c

D.

0.87 c

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42#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

If the velocity of your spac 81aj lqzcp5z4eship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase bp8zzlcjq 41a5 y

A. 19%.

B. 38%.

C. 100%.

D. 200%.

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43#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the momentumel0/dnr yr05/dy xe/xi(v f;p in

k g \cdot m / s

of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

A.

1.2 \times 10^{- 19} k g \cdot m / s

B.

1.5 \times 10^{- 19} k g \cdot m / s

C.

3.0 \times 10^{- 19} k g \cdot m / s

D.

3.8 \times 10^{- 19} k g \cdot m / s

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44#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

During a reaction, an element lwghisx .zmp0 y+ m-y,8oses

4.8 \times 10^{- 28} k g

of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

A.

4.3 \times 10^{- 11} J

B.

1.4 \times 10^{- 19} J

C.

1.6 \times 10^{- 36} J

D.

5.3 \times 10^{- 45} J

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45#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

During a reaction,

1.7 \times 10^{- 4} J

of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

A.

5.1 \times 10^{- 4} k g

B.

1.5 \times 10^{- 13} k g

C.

4.8 \times 10^{- 18} k g

D.

1.9 \times 10^{- 21} k g

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46#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg 0 -grq-st5ue kof material was lost during a reactio-5q k-tue0gsrn?

A.

1.8 \times 10^{17} J

B.

1.5 \times 10^{16} J

C.

6.0 \times 10^{8} J

D.

4.7 \times 10^{- 8} J

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47#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogf;3*ptvqtypn: ay zx **-9uy vram of mass at rest is

A.

18 \times 10^{16} J

.

B.

3.0 \times 10^{8} J

.

C.

9.0 \times 10^{16} J

.

D. none of the given answers

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48#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people,,yxs e0zw. 8za qowx w7es93e( helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tow .eexqo9zzy(8 ws,3 w x07saens of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT =

4.3 \times 10^{12} J

) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

A.

1 g

B.

10 g

C.

100 g

D.

1 k g

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49#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What1w0 ,7(lx cdxgipz4l n is the speed of the pr(,7wx4ill 1gxc n0dpzoton?

A.

0.02 c

B.

0.87 c

C.

0.98 c

D.

1.0 c

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50#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its totamc cu,ix2t5 3ll energy. What is the momentummxt,uic2c l53 in

k g \cdot m / s

of the proton?

A.

5.0 \times 10^{- 19} k g \cdot m / s

B.

2.5 \times 10^{- 19} k g \cdot m / s

C.

5.0 \times 10^{- 18} k g \cdot m / s

D.

2.5 \times 10^{- 18} k g \cdot m / s

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51#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in whicleo5a lw)*hlc n5 d6aqqk. *k3h

1.67 \times 10^{- 25} k g

of material is converted to energy?

A.

5.0 \times 10^{- 14} M e V

B.

4.1 \times 10^{- 7} M e V

C.

3.1 \times 10^{- 4} M e V

D.

9.4 \times 10^{4} M e V

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52#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How much mass is lost during a z 5,g.y7dwzadreaction in which

1.7 \times 10^{8} M e V

of energy is released?

A.

1.8 \times 10^{- 8} k g

B.

5.7 \times 10^{- 9} k g

C.

1.9 \times 10^{- 17} k g

D.

3.0 \times 10^{- 22} k g

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53#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the total energy of an g:gpue w1 .qw :8to-a w8m*tp2g3vlfwelectron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

A.

2.6 \times 10^{- 13} J

B.

8.2 \times 10^{- 14} J

C.

1.1 \times 10^{- 13} J

D.

1.2 \times 10^{- 14} J

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54#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from dr)y4pp m1 3t51flbtfrest to a velocity of 0.86r3ltbd p 5 )py4ffm1t16 c?

A.

1.8 \times 10^{17} J

B.

9.0 \times 10^{16} J

C.

3.0 \times 10^{3} J

D. none of the given answers

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55#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In a nuclear plant, 1q x.5pr7swz,z ; ksle

1017 J

of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

A.

0.1 k g

B.

1 k g

C.

10 k g

D.

100 k g

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56#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An electron is acceleratepwp ygzm;95hna6.g,hx og6 o 3d through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its reggh o ga ,x9;nyh65mwo6 p3.zpst mass?

A. 1.20

B. 1.55

C. 4.25

D. 8.00

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57#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

You are in a rocket trsujydn ,*:s,l brv) a t6wus(9aveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from ,n w)6u,u*: v( yalrsbts ds9jthe Sun to be

A. 0.05c.

B. 0.95c.

C. 1.0c.

D. cannot be determined without knowing the frequency of the light

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58#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Two spaceships are t3k( hoeej( 9jvpq, e9qraveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach vepveqhqj oje3,( k(99 elocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

A.

1.2 c

B.

c

C.

0.60 c

D. none of the given answers

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59#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A fast spaceship is l*mgo ,f8o, aj2 nfg8xtraveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relat ,,l*ogno2f xm88jfg aive to a stationary observer?

A.

0.20 c

B.

0.80 c

C.

1.0 c

D.

1.8 c

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60#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spaceship moves away from the Earth fcs( e 0-nup**q77.;dzziczgyedws/um ;3qs with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on th3 -pmu*ygc us*i;77/;d qz.zqe (c0fdses nzwe Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

A.

0.30 c

B.

0.50 c

C.

0.93 c

D.

1.3 c

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61#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spaceship moves awpob df4s 0s)l,88d dgsay from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers4gd ,l8o0 pd)sfd8ssb on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

A.

0.30 c

B.

0.50 c

C.

0.93 c

D.

1.3 c

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:

总分:61分及格:36.6分时间:不限时

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当前第题，此次习题练习共有 61 道题

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