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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, onk 3jpoc 8:n2:ztmt*or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if 8mt2jcpot :zn: k 3*onthe ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley ecqc-8 win,:h1tcoqpyi + ,c( ixperiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from .fn ;,(9g nvxn3x vcmekpsog1 e)d9 l(:r4kvkthe results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer you2whe,jw0 s lov pc+7v,rself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princi vencta5rws+)pq q l3(c1fuu* z.k6y+ple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assugyfdbhaju s h p.81 me61q:l7+mptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativia.3 bs6(g+/ lw x hqzs+4nvfbyty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in foqh, )a4y1q k4 .t1v(qszwu hucrmulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the ss 4(uhhtu)qzqkyca,w4 .v1q 1ame in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativhhdr0f5g,p8p6lc0d yh - ) hxoity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativ13dx+vp qp5ydity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moveeo)z(w,ms ,dq.bp ,n8q4 rwjing away from the Sun at a speed close to the speejes8 ,dqonbw)m (, .rz, weqp4d of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving clht9yrx, 1)p o,,r*87s tzlnjmm d(yzlock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is w8eg b) )nth;yu enf/5defined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very h7+volhvgb:z l;v34,lz 13jo wb jvkk3igh speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth pzv3bkb1lv3g z ; l,7 v+jo ho3wjv:lk4redicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objecf2tit+alt/.k ,fn h4d lwjp .+t

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a fkwgh0*7t g+2jl +af81 saycqdirection parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as mswah+gc* ftk 7g1+ly af8q02jeasured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lenp8 */ie6nbjgmnd4h) egth with a velocity that approaches th)n6pg8e n4eibmd j */he velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the part8ls6.c8bupt v)c d8idic8i)b 8lvd d cts6p.u8cle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a pa4qt42m hx*t hvuu3w/hrticle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the particlexu4th3ut2m* vq/ hwh4

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high spe hg8 /ut 52v5ea,nkmpved. As it passes, you measure its length at 2v5un/h ek ,v 8pt5gmaone-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic enexh43 m /g7-u+u erlmsqrgy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubles?e73 qsulhg-/+xrmm u4

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its rela lb l7w2wiih, ,xjq-l:tivistic massi,q- 2,jl: xwh bl7iwl doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of dejs;:bh wj 0( kdqge2-qv h+9mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight lim5ekods*)hdqb r 12 8jne. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do trkdb 5dom*jq8 1)seh 2hey measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observezj78 j mt2ra)ur's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spa+mk)z :ev ar6yi,wpz. ceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what vu,e*j*lf 7 v/jswtf 2speed, relative to the shorevljsf2 *j7vew *fu/,t , does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With wz:a0/.xa 5 x5i fsbn* s(wtujthat speed, relative to the shore, does it move ins5.nu(a fz*xixwjt 5sa t:0b / a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0(pqew 7 2aels7 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing 7e7 qelsa 2w(pat 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to05,mv, ixdsv0yt:sl l be observed by a stationary obse0d0ilm 5,s svvtx, l:yrver as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and wrydc5l ,:9dcreturns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of l9wdy, ccr:d5the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtne-f7rtgygjgc *f x/x9rp* xccy.lb1 02y, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtn f *xfy29xc.gl*1jb /y7grc0-gptcr xey), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a spacaci t/*vr-/f ie trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Eart-vrcia/tf*/ i h, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed8:szp )viv 3h)djxtp3 of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket shipyqzp *q3uk y,7 have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as obse3z7uqy , qpky*rved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship traveq: xqa bwz4k-;ls by you with a speed of 0.70c, what lengtba4q -wzxq:;kh does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which iodmb: +wab:+hs 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c reb dba++ohwm::lative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Avr0tp 9g s16jclpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board thr01t s6jc g9vpe spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solarqz w j ,mh206gkl5(aqv system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would eamjv6 g2 w,q50(zk lhqlapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest m-gl*w.q+/ gi y:2lfgumte p,fass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mad1wlhu3))cp3v,sh ke ; 6iqqqss is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 84* hittz :; kod,d7errq ,ussc to 0.6 c, then your mass will increazk;ds:7rq , reh dsit8u,t4 *ose by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum*d82y1 mf ru/n genejm8of 3u+f e6a:u in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element9k cg l f+unm v*3mewp6*;gg/v loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost d0 mqiwie ok2 8c.ks(ko:tsr8;uring a reaction?0.k rt28(csq i:ke m 8;wikoso

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilo.x s j0dki0vk ucq9exn0e4;: 39onl kvgram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that , ffsptx z.3b 3hfuf8 n3:)s yu,omdf0i1g( pkwas dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on sf3 8(px, f,h3gb 3fup yfosku .n:)m1zfi0dt the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total epj5cw-bz n( m+*g4hzi6kf9lcj )j :bhnergy. What is the speed of the pro ihczbj9 * flj +j-b6nc4:p)m (kz5hgwton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of jxekr : *ho,;yits total energy. What is the momentum in,:rhjxyeok; * $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) durin4c mbh,o-n en)g a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in w7wh gf(iybi4y+ ued6i 38xcf+hich $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.9;reu7p ex3wv7n/ (yqz5c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate b dm)s8r1tj,b one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity b8 1,r)jmstdb of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, x5(awadbx k+j+k)tt fry 99p)$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated throuhp3 us( 9cl2pngh 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect 3 2lcsnh (p9upto its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket trav, z6-wdt jhb09n pa4bieling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed obnh9tapdz 04- 6jbw,if light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c2w .lyf/aby(7bo3j8-rniqhm relative to the Earth. If the ships are he( i3yn-7q.b2wyl r jbhaom8/faded directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is trarsnm k.ef2s+/veling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relatf/esn +.sm rk2ive to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from to0qy3rdpc3awf ,.u ) hhe Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if0.fh 3 wqcpd,ou3a )yr the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth :*j69 yb2qlofv9mu d6t;cxuowith a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the oxob 9mvu66uy*9 d:fl;2 cqtjmissile is fired toward the Earth?

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