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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship ;(o3 rjv/nv d5c/ qycdthat has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship(/ 5r3v cv;/y cqdojdn is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley exdq2ia lb )+yt9periment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley yylzuq;*4wg nsb(.; kconcluded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the followinn;qdmnjq8cq 9 n qw (0b1plxsnrj -)*0g components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity mxpfn/a9pgwcz8, 6(qb :at v ;principle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relatic;594/bwnmix(0 m(5n +qrgb9kuw u l wub1urpvity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special:yx x3/izme:e relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates w el0rd)f3s -p6/s hxcin formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics arc06rhex p)/wfs3 s l-de the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postu4jp3 )u nhtd8az3y+ /ws a,rr4jek :jslate of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special rxaa-pmf7nm *m36es0xelativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measurevcug/ oh+ gc;* your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find t c*vuo c/g+gh;hat it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving cu izo bl3 4g7pzue/vi,+jw-,6+ sg3z1 rqst wtlock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definkk 5zl uz-pemr6 v b27ni0/c1ano:7jbed as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high :i+bnk c. h/j+r fco:q qq)-ehspeed to a distan-hejrq+n+ifch) c / q:q :obk.t star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movw9- owiu-9u-oqu4r w zing object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length woq/fz j-lx8*h ith a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measurql- *xh /foj8zed by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its leic 4po) ,qtgj.ngth with a velocity that approaches the velocity of oi4qp )t,.cgj light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approachshz6wstsr oc6rs7kek b 4qm 9 +3zy2j0+l- i+ces the speed of light, the mass of the particlee 2sb++7m3rs4is-o6j krcs k6 wzt09y c+lqhz

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, th,k27hi8.wcnq rbu6zny pp( e+ e momentum of the partqu c(nyz628.kb7 + hprei,wp nicle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. , eopnzdv6.8tAs it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the movinpdzt,o68. e nvg spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic maqb9qod ep4-t 4(;fnvp ss doublef-q9b ( qpot;p vnde44s?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its rela -;rqahvrhck05bs/ ;y:w; k dghh..r+ rv5gpctivistic masschg rwh.kvp;.h5r+5 r:g 0/;r-hbvdy; q csak doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle l z )m eq+l.x 2hthiatz g8gh*a0f2s./ihl,:pof mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight linlzea6-)y sf 8fe. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light cf6fy l)8-zs eaoming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the obse g v(ijt/tx ;0(w-rcgdim-z* hrver's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you wouii w/+z);efx jld observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shh b077rpbyjbcqag* 3rd-j.g, ore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s ifg3gcj*arbb0b. yh,- d q77rjp the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to ayb5itzmf/p 4-bxj 4i2a o/f 7the shore, does it move inf4bpa/fjt 5-2a7/yo4ib iz mx a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still;3 ;7ougavipv water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1o3;p; vviu7ag.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a z9 ey/uf0a/hbstationary observer as running at one-halffe/zb9 0/u ahy its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a t k-a6m/)mq )gjtlx n4nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceshig)- a 6/ml )tnmxktj4qp is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. f5d*bggxd.8l4rq :b z While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and codzbrxdlb:f*4 gq5 g.8mes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother ta)a0facgam2 v u(7 2) ayvde-emkes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the E adauvaa -) 0)gymv72fme(ec2arth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is movingqy 4ra**udzsl(.b+ + fez k/iw toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to moaf.dbca) hr *f8nq ugo4 zes:7 o(7i9ave to contract to half of its proper length (as ob4on8 fibcohdau*g7 9r)e f :sz7a.q a(served by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spacwj)libm/e3c(1 wmb2 geship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to bm/eglm 3wc bw( i2)1jyou?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar sysuyy ug (v431-vl*hdy e2a k3pa,tz 0zrtem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Eartvha -d(ale0 ry3v1uy,gyk3 tzpz*24 uh travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which gos o;ie8k bpu xq,(42is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward th g(io2s,oe p;ku4x q8be star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaur9 )bv:myno)tt- l ec;m4o4 ecpi, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a :y)l94eenvccm)o-; 4to b mt pconstant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (T,d2- 7ms iwrcqhe rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its e t2ffu+vf(9j ,ego3urest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass wiluo2)rnb5*7m um kr vp;l increase bn5mp7r br2*;kv omu) uy

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum z6pww3p y,yhdo. t+ g)tquc28in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lu:,( bdvd:tkyoses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during m4zo),v(4tpq4akpfj 5 s+k oea reactio+oez,va pf )k5(kmp4tsqj4 o4n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram mmgs6rn9i .g i9r d9//tix md-of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peoploopw;)0 *v; y. 8 nuiey *)ihakl8bnch1 qmy*we, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equiv ynlcvaou)k;b; .1ipoh )h8*8w y*w*nimyq 0ealent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energig,;q ap8se1yy. What is the speed of the prg8; sqpyai 1,eoton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total ener))anc;:h jtv y9k/v-ikdgvt bq 0 k7,rgy. What is the momentumctk rd bv;kka7i 9nhq)vj,yg:v/-t)0 in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction;uy / lw4ccxw9 in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost duritw - xuqvs:o,)ng a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed8( f1 3gpuzvz )dwrq5p9vk y7x of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate*u+vvif69v 5g ionir; one kilogram of mass from rest to a ve vno;i 5+ fiv6*iu9grvlocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, +tke7bo0dj gh8;jkt: $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass c:dupgf;ktx3 mtxo*ie* l0nr 9x;q9*increased*ou mkpx*iftx 9glt:9e*;r x dq0 n3c; with respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speex d4v-5-pf 8n 9sqyqlsd of ligxsq -ls-4 fv9 dny8pq5ht from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are travelingyl)z(:sbe ae4c+ a+ku through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured byae4+s:( beckzy)u l+ a a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light tr r-b77qe ohv22 zp5n5,iim.qixu dvg5avel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationaryxvv2o.rh bpu -qe25m i7z75inq5g,di observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from 3yo / qf:qhi 5w2 ekgwm0ybp5:the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the sh fmiwope502:53/: g kqbywy qpaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed oyx, -(rhic2dlkl b4 ( )1ehjzef 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missil(hrieb1 cd)(le- , zl y2h4jkxe measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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