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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no win o4e,rozn/e ;ndows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. Wharne/ nzoo, e4;t should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed fks:/97 yk l g)j.v)nqt jwf,zto measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded frox/qiqp*9ak. um the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the followu4) lx.bi1jm 1axv1f8cleb 7king components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principlwsj (fv k: ipc5h-(xs.e.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumho(bu2 bw; - fd(d2jq tu2xx.dptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relatq 22ryzjx:mg- ivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating t.ug qdh adi1fn+j6g.0he special theory of relativity was that the laws of0aghfd1qdng+. .ui j6 physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativichnr tkwtstn;78 *b5 2ty.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of specia3: qawcuws43kx )sw 9vl relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulswc+ thxzm:;4xt6.be ie rate while in a spaceship moving away from the tix bz :6teh.m;4+wcx Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mprrh (n/ * x-kawz8759awnib soving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is define tsv hj09w-xf4d as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship trab(:oyy nn+ne wx- :,ac qeh/4tveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the ase h+an: /:nye owxt(-qbnc,y4tronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movinu9 swx,zfxcm- /5njd(g object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocitktm2ei g 0pa ,yglrov r+z9*r0 .yaj0+y that approaches the+go.0 iva* lj ze9ry 2tg 0rypkarm0,+ velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its len,)m ,p69a abama9 dtzlgth with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this objm atp,b ) ,la6zaa99dmect, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a paru *w6*/ 7hiaawh5toyrticle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the particlwo*hrt6h y/wiua5 7a*e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of l*qux* z7ln 92 ap;rvu e0wo3loight, the momentum of the par nq7 2rue;0po*3lox u lavz9*wticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high s5f d s;omyc/d f11l.cnpeed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclf c/5lsfn1 yd.1; omcdude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a gia8 e(n-xmg- speedy proton when its relativistic mass d-x-(8eimgna goubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy ofbyzc ard(j3(cll j*f y.8km1) a speedy proton when its relativistic mass do(8y)rc( 1zcfl*klj.y3 djmab ubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of massry +i,*wzjw7njxw-ph r4 66wn $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line1c+ri- ; dc cw9nc.j0wi ;rbzzo m::stp p)-hq. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure q-im; p+:rd-)rbnciwjhztcw:. 9zc;ops1c0 for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of refew-hn+i pem(0j rence?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship ik/ ;45ssawq ivncreases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, rebv(wmxl0 s2qhq 1 w3 ez9;p7qrlative to the shore, does it move insqlw;2 b3 vre0p 7xq q9h1w(zm a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.z,b3+ g nvy qfvv8rr1h8c2w3 xct .1dt0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/sxvy1fz8gh c8q. rc d v,t+tr 1v23b3nw if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still waterjeg;q6o ,2 b,mmoue -ec3ula3. With what speed, relative to the shore, do,2 o 6uuq3-,am 3eobmje;ecgles it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel ibpzp*/fw * nxgwg ,ir79b(l6pf it is to be observed by a stationary obsel(w , ppigp**zbn697rbwf g/x rver as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and re-dbka35tg t:q turns in 10 hours according to a clock ga-qdb: tk35 ton the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initiallry:7d7 m6h, hz w)pduny 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a,d7z n dpmwr)hh76y:u speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin bro g2jlqd gq:.6vther takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-basedg qg:lq2j.vd6 twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward yow oicr+l 2us/3u with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to moveqf:.* : v5ydwyr-oh yq;r6ue h to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationa y :rw-yvhyqrf5 dh6.o;:q* uery object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceshipratk8.xf fp dar5o98, travels by you withf r8a,.pt85roxk9 adf a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar 5qok ud1g*i:z :ga;m vsystem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceshi: oa: ;qgzg 15kmuid*vp with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to oz-an;h j- +q;/4;ks: zs0r c7axtj isszvidu(ur solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c rzzcnka(jsqsh0u:-;jti; xz ;-d74+ i/ sasrv elative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar syste k34wa.)i(:r v de lyxw/0xfuqm is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth tdlx (e0 kwuar4v /i.y3 x):wfqravels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is i0vu7m0el+rr*ohcy lq 5-qp p2ts mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a prot3y0b5g.x uqu;u gfu* 6f)iwplon if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, thenxu.qa5xd2n9 c 2vbo- 4d 57 hfrn8lpw.gcm+w f your mass will increo2r mhd9. cx+vnw5aq.5lwdx7 b g24f- pcf un8ase by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumo1nd k79/bm pr in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element loses wh19 nbx(o b.t$4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be re):pt0+c c aqqeleased if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactiot q:q+ca) pec0n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equic1ns csx7 ld76valent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people,6grdy re vf62 o2s; 18vqg tr;7khb,sd helpingg;f6 y6vr 7groe q2rts kdb8v1s, d2;h to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy.c+ g/d**k kt nsz-wv:he na1x5)s pep; What is the speed of the p ):p p;ck *w1xsee/ vh5* sgntkdza-n+roton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its tohf/ 6 on; ux1*absoy+etal energy. What is the momentum inhue1 ns;/bo+*y xaf6o $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV)n-f1 cu*b .osz during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reac3*w* h 65vjevat met6ftion in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.9e i-f4 :mbxo 0omp7.. n0hhn3s*kiafn5c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to a+*nbak4l81 kjw bvfpv n.2ap+ccelerate one kilogram of mass from restbpj+ 48l+nak*kn 2.v wva fpb1 to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 4bzzwl g v82w9w6id3 v$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accele:7s3c6 1 7(5lsjgmf zrw3zq ym 4mqmuarated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its r6 qmgzm 3ma l7:q45jz7s3(cmuw rys 1fest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket trave ,.z*g*kbw 8pcbnl :wvling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speedb vl.cg,* wk:* 8pwzbn of light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Eof.gc.cw/ :r;j by,jmarth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is c,/fj :g.w;rmo .jbcytheir approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light trz cwgl ;k/9v)oxyzhz+ej35; vavel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observe59 ;yz+/jhl zc v gz;w3xvo)ker?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a imdv9;vdvpe n4kp3/9 speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a mis9dve 4kpm/i;nvv 3p 9dsile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a spo v( +da(ms3 v5de4idpeed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measup4dem asiddo 5 v(+(3vred by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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