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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that hasl yl); th1(v+xr bazd;1gxt8 d no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to l8xlrh d1bay +1 tz;vd(;xtg)determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to md+tlty43;4:h kiazbgmb su69easure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of theioazhux,9xz+ -u uuh-7r experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself;vz(rqybwg,bb . 8il2 if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prin*3aj pgh*zg0yvskgs +u(a;;z/9 zl utciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable ass+ .5phz qd5wjfn+k6 bgumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativitcjlf8z38/nbcfe*c.sxsg 1 ay*q ; 9qny

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of reli1;z7+ ww ljk9;wfdn aativity was thfnza+ wkl;w1jw d;79iat the laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate osjai(yv7 .)bg f special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of specihbccebw2; : y*al relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a space546 4q1zdm v k qx7n6wunzxup1ship moving away from the Sun at a speed cloxm 41quvndq 7x n1zkw 56puz46se to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationara)0q299vygj k u -g cahx bjw4kcu65i*y observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is dezqs.3hloi2;h*l7jme:z wk7mc8u.yqa u/e2l fined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a ver3 hy a. tmb6ggp7poe8,dt80loy high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains o78pg8 oeah,0op tgy6. t3lbdmn Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observervi6o43k0a80)j ealtro r/bwl , a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity tha uaz md *gt85rshy6:d1t approaches the velocity of light. a:8um d6hgz5y d*ts r1 The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a directiz 76z , xt43xr15easqhy qeir2.szi:don parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches th.y ad e r,z 2zqit63h:5szxs4qxe1r7ie velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mnj* p st0yi4*eot1ft, ass of the partic nj,1s**ti4fe tpoyt 0le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momeniz-1 1 *np;u ovtchg qx17qb:utum of the particlh7 *z quc1q bpui;oxnv-gt11:e

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a ver3hfejh+9 y0f w/+il pzr(zao,y high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's massf/(po +y 9if,z hh+ jaelr3zw0 must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the ki;ct ,v+:y2 rpn 8cn2 hhcrr(xpnetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic massthv (nh,8;rrr2: c2ppxc+y cn doubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energ9 y gqxde7gj:1y of a speedy proton when its relativistic ma1qxgdy97:g jess doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mask zbb x87,+ 4whj9dpscs $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spacesh zj4ukh6ll8a3 ips, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocityljk4 6uh83 lza of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depemj b ay;k fx;4;z69svunds on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship incream 3;:evojdf 9gses, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. s0 s59o2l( imcn2 cd;wf(vc9stsvm n8With what speed, relative to the shore, d(v9sm5v c9si2wdt02scn s o ;l(cn8fmoes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in stillco hnzbr2x*ql(*s+vx 6m6m;7un 9 w eb water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is 9 (mo7chnqunre xl6mb6 s wbx+vz*;*2 flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sti)pl;90 *7upzszmno xwll water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if thxmz0pupl)9s7z ;n *o we boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it ig gn)479fqu:fn wj2wgs to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal rate?wgg nw2:74n ) qgf9juf

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nv fao9 47ub f bsm)qf,y65 ,u1eodpo+ionstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the e oosf,ob +yb6iap fm719d) ,qf4uu5vspeed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are inib 9ei k9mmqasx7 r9mb 8tuw+/4tially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea uponqmb xw kt b99uem8a+/mi s47r9 her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brotheu5,: gkh2 k.zemvp4xgr takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clozpggk,v.:4m5 h 2 uxekck on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward yojuf,x .hhfc(rvu:::8fhl d 6yu with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rock4aljhl 3 gt-eb2sm2 w0et ship have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a30l2g 4es bha-wm lj2t stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m whjaqz2auk( 1 j6en it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does ja6u(qzka1j2 it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to +uy:axmq + j.jour solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels to ujmqy+a :j.x+ward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system xe 2 )r. fqt5jf sgypl7c:kim6xv m19:ym7 ow7is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time wgqo x77y)m i k9pf5:ew7ct2x:6vfsm lj.m r1 yould elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri,,r;lpy j:wnc-:glq,h which is 4.30 light yearspy,rq: ,hl;-l c :gjnw away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (Thev25kffksl*25dv mavdeu5 3l0d( abn+ rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest maba- dx 1+hp h(1uc8os zw(k2yrss?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes fromago4t/x+(jl;rs,v phd l -bcvi--7ji 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will in -(d/pac,ll4oh g;-ij+bjxt i7 -vrvscrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum nuc y9s*5 -pm pg1/tspin $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an eiduunzl 2,w(r g .zcjd v2ht vg.3h486lement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be releauo gxb9j -r x+5bdm+1.*p9+va,y 3 ymt beygcesed if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reacti513regu dy,*oycg+j-babm 9 y9ev+xxpm.+bton?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest isk(*aeuly*/d- .pfuso

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, hy8z i ab8)ogxbsdfv8w/jr7+b2,yu. velping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took p vfs8u/7byvr8dgbw+2 o)iajzx ,.by 8lace? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 3 kd 2b4inp.ooyv):s fa8p xlw19 g5htbv;nk6 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of : kvy4 foh pnk5;1oxtbv ps3l)8a62w d ngib.9the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton 9un:ns( k81dl8du;yu dr3j 9irq,sf bis 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum isl(1 iy;rkf8sd:u j3 ur,qdd9b98unn n $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in Mepueje ly 3v+:2V) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost du mn8 saep(7 cr;nx5kvbp)cn8( ring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving tvvw6 .z h1vd1with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mkt.*; eydu b4v3*t3 ajrh cgm;ass from rest to a velocity of 0.v;k a ejtth3d.*4my cu3;b*rg866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, b m) /bfm *jtm;y4g8dl$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what .5 imqqvg cd*7factor has its mass increased with respect to its gmd 5*7vcqq.i rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.dem-e+hisaa0876d5 km pe z v595c. You measure the speed of light from iza5am58h0+-ek dm psed 6v7ethe Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are trad g+0ei.f0 tiv6;n3d 2 , ;qn rf)wvtzyivpi/rveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directlyr 0 w3/iif0tziq .)vp,ei6nt2 g+n;;dvyvrfd toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling withmvscb:laa nl l/2)6 e3 a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?cmb a) 3/ls6:el navl2

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves awan5bm- drol3 2my from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the veloci- r m2m3lnd5boty of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with 6fbzq3 7ifai 23lv (9 bred0vba speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile wi6a (r qfbzl7i2d 0i39vfbv3beth a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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