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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other meae 7 sgu-x; (ff-x7gyrx:og ;pum5 obo(ns for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or mov;--;eo :xgs(gobp7 x7 (xfugufr m5yo ing at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measurnqgh3 -8t-rwb e

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their exp( ,effrpk5 d0seriment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferoo yged2jz : hy7m+9il5meter yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity5f+-pghi.h4c4 t ::t tcvb rnx principle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galx/ g4jv/8d iokilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativioq(g6ye*dumsi3m9jcv. ypggg7 l 78*ty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating th bqy 5egkz j:gd0+u1 l ;62y;.xgzmomce special theory of relativity was that the lag1 d :5oxl ymuj zgy60+qmz;c ;2ebgk.ws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of speceez01 nleue3s u3s04oial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate b gou.,l/mad2wl d 38rof special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure,van.:.+a,j jz pyhoc your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it v,+jan j :,acoy.hzp.was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationarmf g9vpz4d o2i(xn1m +y observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is 6/i7aa te kk2 2icw-ugsh.4fzdefined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship trjlitdg;u- b,togi0w d;n)*7 j aveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earoj0; iw; u)ttdginb,gj-7dl *th. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary :lt.0ay e6p hn-ymt (robserver, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its len:2k6 +uy8rskgjn 9iyl gth with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. j2l k6u gy:in sryk8+9The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velonz5c4feofcpus*bu,g4q0 w5 )q ege(.city that approaches the velocity of light. c5uge 4cq.)wqbgsepffu0 e ,5zo4(* n The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a parti)v s7weuph7 i*cle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the particlp7vi seu7)*h we

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed fdtuv-: o-px 1kv3 xu+d1 y/i3kile* nof light, the momentum of the partxvun3xd3 1k -l/i* kui- et+ yfp1:vodicle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speexd.z58lh2tpbw7d l1g;-of guu5az4kkjk b61 d. As it passes, you measure its length at one1g 17twbu hzp4ll k.2xo; u5b8 k- dk6afzdj5g-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic *ml a69i otay/energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doublem6 ta*la9oy/ is?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the tot-et. .*scak sx;( y vdkfez.l:al relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistildv.ksc. fz. t-*es y:k;e(xa c mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of ; xlxx :,lhi7n1jt:qr mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a st*x7uz3ew 9jnpknr xy,e.a z5)raight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. Whayzexzkje*pu) 57r ,n9 3 nx.wat do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of c 20fsv )djp/ o;tvge0reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would obsehnpy4xw.*4* :faxu+erkjb g*ppg b6/ rve

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wateoqhg ovh4(i;p+pk *e1r. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat i( kpohh4;gp1 qvoi+e*s heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s ictqz sg9aje 95tacj *cb92o/0 n still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river thatj g9stt9aco 9z5q2c ae/j*0cb is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the q8g u (l+,vio)utx9slshore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the iuo (x ,vsql) g8utl9+river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to b+ard7agra ue)zdg)c dz*;63 t1,nc(t l fje+ee observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal rate?aen ga jgz) l+7c* aud r;er(cdf)+d,6e1z3tt

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours accor*bo*wktq, (rnph17 /9vvfr8ik jwl4sding to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how mf vrls(b i8vwo7*k pwqj/nh,14rtk 9*uch time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andreajhmynu15 ((k* ( nw29uxjcizz and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How*nx(mhj2 u(w9(51yznkij c uz old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space cmp9uapk 9/2-r2uhtr trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age at-cupr/rmu hpk29 2a9 nd the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward yo,gd .xkvwn m2/ooa* -ju with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to cone+w09 wi4z:z2 dilmmb tract to half of its proper length (as observed by a m:+0ldm9wzii bw4ze 2 stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at resavoph -m1wx*c wj8 b38t. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70co1 xmwv-b8wh3paj8*c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to oumlk6fs/ n94kfoa-xq8+(v ld er solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed ofkm4 dln9k-8f (+qex l6aosf /v 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solard cod pjo,0q(0q h)4cw system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaco(0 pqdj qc0ocw d4,h)eship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar(1bk/piyx.sms k *f* b(lwx*x system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a conssy* mb1p(.x*wlb/(i kxk *xfstant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is travelin :a4h1 )i(p)nm*+lhlnss sdqlg at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mass?wg+u(y+ie )fn

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass41s.q,tgwkcmpj ;p1fk g9sxa y a8c+9 will i pspmgwc,ak j1+ktc9yqax 9 f4.8;sg1ncrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum ine(g e(1whmr12 ;pizue $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element loses30fj /.. tigwzgvgge8 $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reacte q)v0/b l)4ti5-b sufwp9droion0pb5sqf-)w/4 )vtrl o u9dei b?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass alk v2fp:efdt- t.7q y3aug 5:nt rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 kdtb1wrr -, id:ajktw 2 h:l.8killed 140,000 people, helping to end World Waltd2 k:wh1 .tbr:i8 adjkr,w -r II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of itpr b4ntl+w c ad28y,ouv5p/9ys total energy. What is the speed ofw5 rp at2b y8l94 +nyo,pdvu/c the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What isjypc)d 0-vc3 nk1bqec4 z h5i+ the momentum ic+c)jcey0531-qp k bhin 4 zvdn $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) durinew h2)n 7zbe/sg a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in wblq/t 8 m56yj aphs4+uhich $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an beb3mn3/;f cj v:ptixh u*9r06 l1on eelectron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of massl1i p 6mitbu5d0kup*.fh2oy,mj t 6 u4 from rest to a velocity of 0.866 c?, fmut2o4i 1umydp5 p6ht.0k*6i bjlu

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, swwz48sx;p onkv fbu :/gql;:km1 6v; $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated throtb1dl(j r.:hdugh 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to 1d.jb : (tlrdhits rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from thb* d80nubsqg5e Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun to be db5su*8 bq0ng

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling thifm8t1;q-*ca. j jw oorough space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a persoo aojm;if.wq 8cj-* t1n on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of )h:e))uc lud( 7vxf rx0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to xl :xfe7)rdv )()cuh ua stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth whv/*k--c3dsxx; 0zm l uk(sgwith a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.5sg0d ;u s/ ( zk3-vkhxwxcml-*0c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth withvsdt* 9qs0 vwh;*aim/ a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward s v9/ t;ahq*0dms*iwvthe Earth?

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