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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a sp8b6g)dz,pwsx ma:- nl zi 4v8caceship that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. Whm 8sz p:gz)8 wai-4 dlxn,v6cbat should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experkw:h7 px sxc35iment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiment :t2 v i,eajpt,that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself i3h e kf7uxns3jcu e;/lgo+t 87f you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prin x ,dl9xlq35vjm vnh37ciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian rela0a 59epcwu0 hutivity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special ad w8hq2d:qyp -lae0* relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relatismtles1b nj6 e:3:hx6 vity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference fle6e:sb h3j1xn6sm :t rames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of spe3h:ooe oakz45cial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second posa.s1u r2ypo oi0 beu81tulate of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a7 e;g5*2mz gwsmrc6mo spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to therzmc5*6eo;2mmg sg7 w speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationt+iquk64-k fg5rxh8 ,s6homtary observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is o + nqa+4i;ox)7kf glvdefined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high slqd.yu gr23w :*9zocipeed to a distant star and back aga293q.row*zgu l cy:d iin, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a statioc q,t+(dvzhn8v96 gzs7 (aro dnary observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity sf0v:)1xe g cgthat approaches the velocity of light. v g :e)0gcfsx1The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that appro+)*xe9s a-wcl zj grrn4(g. fgl6 i)slaches the velocity of light. The length of this objec.iwrac*(9jls46fxrl n-+)l)se g z ggt, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle aw/6vs h6p7pu mpproaches the speed of light, the mass of the particlep6h6psm/7 wv u

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mom1-yjfsejox9/*tl :ud entum of the particsdeu l1- yo/:xfj9t*jle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. Ay++t- 8oyoqz;-n7jvj )h buels it passes, you measure its length at one-hnytjo hbju-qz-voy 7 8l; e+)+alf its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton whed(zrht2z+k8+qm(d n f wg4- kcn its relativistic mass doubleskw-fq(nk( + dz4h+d gm 2cr8tz?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton whenb1 ut+ ,icol9a its relativistic mass c 1btlaoi+, 9udoubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of muyjb-se97ws:9z :by +g t1rsf ass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each travelw sn( wo i,wyz82+6s)jh qhlb8ing at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approacwh+ 6z(shjsw2,q )l 8ibnwo8 yhing the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of refereankcr, j:/:mg1b k vy)nce?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you wof3.b6d.geem gczn 4:9rc 9g snuld observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in stzgqxo.b/ 9pos)( 1u fcill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstrea zgp9(oou/f q1bx .)csm?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. w-pylinz a ji). r,/;eex-hb- With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at )w- h z e;ixjy/-,lapne irb-.1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in st y dygbhbad9jb8/24 .8g; pkaoill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the bab bd;9. yh k24y8o/pgbgd8 ajoat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed byyr(ve ncya 5,edo66)p4dyh3 u a stationary observer as running at one-half iteecvdpy34 () r d 6n6oa5,uyyhs normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet andidfve;1 s:m3pi2o0 zl returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth :f1 ii3sm;op0ldezv2 ?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While4ykr kfc o 3c.k;d q(6p:,l8ehkycs:y Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns aryc.4d 6crk:pqc 3k; s(kk8 ye:,oyfhl ound and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c fosk+/(ie z )4rkuy ceq)r 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age ofk4)k seecuqy+)ir(z/ the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward yw a-x nwwu67 iov7t sf7r9ki.h10kxh8 ou with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper lengq39xfs :ra1/s mr8aq fth (as observed by a st qaams1f3q xf 9rs/:8rationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 1btzl5m9bm -qo 0flu3 *0 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appeb3ou-q 5bmtm* z9l0lf ar to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar syst9l c6sa6sn3iough, a3em is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a s33su goa66 l9cn,ihaconstant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which i01i0o +c 94fi uc:lsbtn** pg jttof6js 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much timol *1 itb9j+t00g:pc*ui oc tj6sf4fne would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yeax7f eg:ypiu8 lyoyu gw16c942rs away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the 6co8ewgpu941gf uyxy2 :y 7liEarth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The res5.t7xw: pq ,ew4syo gut mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mas*. lkmlj dz rz(/g3w6ds?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goepxa fer7;r q0uy-.uu-3 rfw( ms from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increasuq-.pwxrf- mue7 ;rf0 rau 3y(e by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum ins)9tih6,jce0 gyr*cs l tzi)4 $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, a5kqcg1ko+tv5w m;w: sn element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would e50l+o b/fhh7ikx ; 8gm6zmjube released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactihh+8ijzblmkm75/gu x 6o 0; feon?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilog tq98ys5 0rt dm+o((:xiszv bgram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on (x5 fsw(kxq9djgq 1sc b66riuw..i6 lo.goj + Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released ener.6bwqioijq cl+jk 6x.sgg95of.6((w su 1xdrgy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80%oedt5,fi : 5kz:n(vba of its total energy. What is the speed of ntobedzv f::ik,(a 55the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its totalp bu 1r,tk 1w/p4worx( energy. What is the momentum in pkxw,rw/ 14ur (bt1op$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is releasewa2y7ulx3rh1d*d q3 j d d3.vqd (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost duznk3c+*al ; wgring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speedat4m 01ibnhdn + em7x8 of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are requireexjtu6(:czzg 5l-o/vk/5y4v bz b q p5d to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity ytqv eg/45v/ozz-x(jzb5p: uc5klb 6of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, b ocokl-v7p08o5 n(6 nd) qvll$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated thocg xwh)o. w(*rough 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with r*)w(o. cogwx hespect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling n0,dc7 r1r)9wkr gmf qaway from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of l,grn1drw0k r fqm7)c9ight from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are t91r jz 9rm5vidraveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach v9r9jrv5izmd 1elocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with ao)t+ ztf8osjdy-v b6 igf6:jx ;kyw8e :7e f0t speed of 0.80c. How fast would light trave o fgx t by6izy-j: ;ft7toj8+8swke6vfe) d:0l from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. Thk1:y/ r g*mlv ev3tco6f1lzlqm9/-w a e spaceship then fqrvk1 -mmzla:t 6o3gv* 9l f1yec/ lw/ires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spach a)0w,v 5e-94zg)ph ugg 9o sljfdj4ibn*6 zxeship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if tdpjs 4 j g9) 9agn biuzxh5zo64w*eh,g) 0v-lfhe missile is fired toward the Earth?

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