Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity - 题库网 (tiku.one)

?作业考试练习?通用国际物理?Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

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习题练习：Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

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答题人: 匿名未登录开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24 切换到: 整卷模式

1#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

You are riding in a spaceship that hutxcl14 8xwwl -2cmecp4qp: q o7o.h- as no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopcxc 48x2molwp :4 l7up h -owce-qt1q.ped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

A. You can determine if the ship is moving by determining the apparent velocity of light.

B. You can determine if the ship is moving by checking your precision time piece. If it's running slow, the ship is moving.

C. You can determine if the ship is moving either by determining the apparent velocity of light or by checking your precision time piece. If it's running slow, the ship is moving.

D. You should give up because you have taken on an impossible task.

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2#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The Michelson-Morley exp +*+l6cde rn/gqno )dheriment was designed to measure

A. the relativistic mass of the electron.

B. the relativistic energy of the electron.

C. the velocity of the Earth relative to the ether.

D. the acceleration of gravity on the Earth's surface.

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3#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Michelson and Morley concl xf(uyc2z9rum/nh()m :asp8juded from the results of their experiment that

A. the experiment was a failure since there was no detectable shift in the interference pattern.

B. the experiment was successful in not detecting a shift in the interference pattern.

C. the experiment was a failure since they detected a shift in the interference pattern.

D. the experiment was successful in detecting a shift in the interference pattern.

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4#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the followc8vw7j rb -m-ning components:

A. a light source, a detector screen, a partially silvered mirror, a flat mirror, and a glass plate.

B. a light source, a detector screen, two partially silvered mirrors, and a glass plate.

C. a light source, a detector screen, two partially silvered mirrors, a flat mirror, and a glass plate.

D. a light source, a detector screen, a partially silvered mirror, two flat mirrors, and a glass plate.

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5#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the relativity p+ g5rkce gkhr h63+7gp n88ecarinciple.

该题自我估分: (必填) (满分:1.0分)

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6#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the three unprovaa+au5gk3u4 , w zkjn8e*r kl+ible assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.

该题自我估分: (必填) (满分:1.0分)

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7#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The theory of special relatov s:8d d;k)37ia fqtvivity

A. is based on a complex mathematical analysis.

B. has not been verified by experiment.

C. does not agree with Newtonian mechanics.

D. does not agree with electromagnetic theory.

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8#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theo+u jx1o 6e 1kki5y19mfp y*xcvry of relativity was that t1cjxve ik 1yyf1*kpm+ xu96o5he laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

A. accelerate.

B. move at constant velocity with respect to an inertial frame.

C. oscillate.

D. are stationary, but not in moving frames.

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9#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the first postulate ofu mp4 tu)-o) as etyv9*r0rg1t special relativity.

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10#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the second post//m)h qb,- caqzuqs.oulate of special relativity.

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

If you were to measure your pulm8c d /r*ew z8rcc8i3+zzpq opf9j 1:tse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find3r rpfcw+pq* mztz189e8 j o: 8/cdizc that it was

A. much faster than normal.

B. much slower than normal.

C. the same as it was here on Earth.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Relative to a stationary o m+)nkru8r)jx1 v1ogabserver, a moving clock

A. always runs slower than normal.

B. always runs faster than normal.

C. keeps its normal time.

D. can do any of the above. It depends on the relative velocity between the observer and the clock.

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13#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The gamma factor is defined 9od 4f 5-lminyas

γ = 1 / \sqrt{1 - (v / c)^{2}}

, therefore gamma (

γ

)

A. can be zero.

B. can be any number less than or equal to one.

C. can be any number greater than or equal to one.

D. cannot equal one.

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14#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Suppose one twin takes a ride in a sp-c1 1tzlbj,e3zj 7 cxsace ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Ebz-3zt je 1ccj,1s7l xarth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

A. younger.

B. the same age.

C. older.

D. cannot be determined from the given information

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Relative to a stationary observer, a moviapfg o1 (z68vbr0ji5(by2fwo ng object

A. appears shorter than normal.

B. appears longer than normal.

C. keeps its same length time.

D. can do any of the above. It depends on the relative velocity between the observer and the object.

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An object moves in a direction parallel to its lengv uh: (8-b 6qvgnokjg+th with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stati:bvk qg hon68(j+ vug-onary observer,

A. approaches infinity.

B. approaches zero.

C. increases slightly.

D. does not change.

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17#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An object moves in a direction t3gqb7fz lxs9;43ox z parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a staxzst9bo7 gf; x33lzq4 tionary observer,

A. approaches infinity.

B. approaches zero.

C. increases slightly.

D. does not change.

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

As the speed of a particle approaches the speed ofizxz 4,(2rnsu v8 /fwr light, the mass of the particl2ws z4zruvr, (xn/i f8e

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains the same.

D. approaches zero.

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19#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

As the speed of a particle approaches xqm ;g7xftai4 d 8 v.lpn18q4hthe speed of light, the momentum of the pa h m7t4x;df1a84qpv glxni. 8qrticle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains the same.

D. approaches zero.

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20#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed.t l qee862;2xq1lf1bgree h9ido:/m o As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that thei81eg: q/xb9ml2d rh2ft e1eoq e6lo; moving spear's mass must be

A. one-half its rest mass.

B. twice its rest mass.

C. four times its rest mass.

D. none of the given answers

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21#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton 8opa )dihc am5vcq,33when its relativistic mass dohaqa)c8cmdo ,i 5v33p ubles?

A. It doubles.

B. It more than doubles.

C. It less than doubles.

D. It must increase, but it is impossible to say by how much.

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22#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What happens to the total relativistic enm vn/ 6rddv5 05* 4pk,+qnxu*of*f3qscqc tkkergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic pqq0tdvn occ5q** kvr4 s 5ffkkd63nm*u,/x +mass doubles?

A. It doubles.

B. It more than doubles.

C. It less than doubles.

D. It must increase, but it is impossible to say by how much.

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23#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Consider a particle of mass w aa fg32y dt)d:caw:2

m

and rest mass

m_{0}

. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

A.

\frac{1}{2} m_{0} v^{2}

B.

\frac{1}{2} m v^{2}

C.

m c^{2} - m_{0} c^{2}

D.

\frac{1}{2} (m c^{2} - m_{0} c^{2})

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24#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. S1zp*ki dvdm48 hip A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity*vz dd1 mpk8i4 of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

A. Ship A measures it as less than c, and ship B measures it as greater than c.

B. Ship B measures it as less than c, and ship A measures it as greater than c.

C. On both ships it is measured to be less than c.

D. On both ships it is measured to be exactly c.

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25#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Which of the following depends on the observer's frame o,kj;u/6 ao kb5k2l alvf reference?

A. the mass of the proton

B. the length of a meter stick

C. the half-life of a muon

D. all of the given answers

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26#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

As the velocity of your spaceship increz4txr v,,df03o haj1yases, you would observe

A. that your precision clock runs slower than normal.

B. that the length of your spaceship has decreased.

C. that your mass has increased.

D. all of the given answers

E. none of the given answers

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27#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, ole-fgmplw wk *720a7 relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat io7l-pewk*mlf g7w a0 2s heading upstream?

A. 3.0 m/s

B. 4.1 m/s

C. 4.8 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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28#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to vny:6;( s zki6c) pjtvthe shore, does it move vsnjip;t)v(c6 k y :6zin a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

A. 3.0 m/s

B. 4.1 m/s

C. 4.8 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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29#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relaweq 7u b.n:dp4tive to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight acrosnb wdep q7.u4:s the river?

A. 3.0 m/s

B. 4.1 m/s

C. 4.8 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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30#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How fast should a movingo:bgk kx(k- t(4pfe diu h6 xp+uhse-c*d +(z( clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its noepxku+uk( ci xz-s((odged pk b( + -:f4hh6*trmal rate?

A.

0.50 c

B.

0.65 c

C.

0.78 c

D.

0.87 c

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31#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and ey:rm46 gr 6k d4djd(jreturns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time haje :dmyd r jr4d6(4k6gs elapsed on the Earth?

A.

3.2 h

B.

7.0 h

C.

15 h

D.

17 h

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32#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. Whilmf7we;3iq. qh e Courtney remains on Earth, Andrfq .eh7iq3wm ;ea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

A.

10 y e a r s

B.

12 y e a r s

C.

18 y e a r s

D.

20 y e a r s

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33#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space sb4aud .h q7j068fppeuq/ dq+ trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-basq a d+6s8pbd.7j upf40ehuq/qed twin brother?

A. 20; 30

B. 30; 50

C. 50; 70

D. 70; 90

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34#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its0 j ixup43ury*fa3o)ht n8jin .kl8)d length?

A. zero

B.

0.40 m

C.

0.60 m

D.

1.0 m

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35#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of trcjx ar q(47k-:gf7w its proper length (as observed by a stationary o7jf( -k4r:wqgar7ct xbject)?

A.

0.50 c

B.

0.65 c

C.

0.78 c

D.

0.87 c

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36#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The length of a spacemix)zl ,6sc7*ge1m whship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appes7g,6) wizh1 *ecxlm mar to you?

A.

5.5 m

B.

7.1 m

C.

12 m

D.

18 m

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37#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 lightnx,f4q,h;bb i2t 7r,s1ln hbm yearsf n1h bl4ibb7r,q;m, sx2hnt, away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

A.

2.58 l y

B.

3.52 l y

C.

4.12 l y

D.

4.30 l y

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38#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yeara1. :x adzvyh0bra nvk;;;,kj yab/g;s away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c rel/vb x h;; yvd,aaa:;kn z01.j ;bgkyarative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

A.

3.23 y

B.

4.40 y

C.

5.15 y

D.

5.38 y

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39#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 mvsdk ;+kixjz8- 3id d 7ba*7ylight years away. A spaceship with7;kdz-7jk 3 bx*iv8asyi d+dm a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

A.

3.23 y

B.

4.40 y

C.

5.15 y

D.

5.38 y

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40#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An electron is traveling at 0.85c. Whakvckcpe2 ml: )7az;qs9 kk,p+ t is its mass? (The rest mass is

9.11 \times 10^{- 31} k g

.)

A.

1.4 \times 10^{- 29} k g

B.

7.2 \times 10^{- 30} k g

C.

1.7 \times 10^{- 30} k g

D.

2.4 \times 10^{- 30} k g

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41#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the speed of a proton ijbqz pjsh7: 54f its mass is twice its rest mass?

A.

0.50 c

B.

0.68 c

C.

0.73 c

D.

0.87 c

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42#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

If the velocity of your spaceship goes n(9y2c,c kieo rfvaj;(s9)toq zi m4.from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increascni,qejvz)mcksa .(yoi(fr;o4t 992 e by

A. 19%.

B. 38%.

C. 100%.

D. 200%.

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43#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the momentum in +:qttam9*j ca

k g \cdot m / s

of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

A.

1.2 \times 10^{- 19} k g \cdot m / s

B.

1.5 \times 10^{- 19} k g \cdot m / s

C.

3.0 \times 10^{- 19} k g \cdot m / s

D.

3.8 \times 10^{- 19} k g \cdot m / s

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44#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

During a reaction, an e+kuu4sa1a (bt lement loses

4.8 \times 10^{- 28} k g

of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

A.

4.3 \times 10^{- 11} J

B.

1.4 \times 10^{- 19} J

C.

1.6 \times 10^{- 36} J

D.

5.3 \times 10^{- 45} J

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45#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

During a reaction,

1.7 \times 10^{- 4} J

of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

A.

5.1 \times 10^{- 4} k g

B.

1.5 \times 10^{- 13} k g

C.

4.8 \times 10^{- 18} k g

D.

1.9 \times 10^{- 21} k g

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46#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How much energy woulan :p .*yh:: )5taotek:w 1ipkn/tq lyd be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactioi.t/ :k)ktqyplyaw :5:o :pha*tne1nn?

A.

1.8 \times 10^{17} J

B.

1.5 \times 10^{16} J

C.

6.0 \times 10^{8} J

D.

4.7 \times 10^{- 8} J

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47#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The amount of energy equivalent to two ki24d2:lz vizg5) pvh-qvw6gc7xpz h9slogram of mass at rest is

A.

18 \times 10^{16} J

.

B.

3.0 \times 10^{8} J

.

C.

9.0 \times 10^{16} J

.

D. none of the given answers

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48#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1j 0l zi +ht4cavgux-3-945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. - z3- ajiu0v+4 tlhcgx It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT =

4.3 \times 10^{12} J

) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

A.

1 g

B.

10 g

C.

100 g

D.

1 k g

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49#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. Wh/b gip s l3ykb/)2ub1u8ko r7hat is the speed of thkbsb2k 3 1 oh7urubi)//g yl8pe proton?

A.

0.02 c

B.

0.87 c

C.

0.98 c

D.

1.0 c

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50#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of ; s/k.jk y)mu 5+vtkylb:b0lf its total energy. What is the momentum inl5sm) bkl.jkk:+/f 0tbu ;y vy

k g \cdot m / s

of the proton?

A.

5.0 \times 10^{- 19} k g \cdot m / s

B.

2.5 \times 10^{- 19} k g \cdot m / s

C.

5.0 \times 10^{- 18} k g \cdot m / s

D.

2.5 \times 10^{- 18} k g \cdot m / s

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51#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What energy is released (in MeV) durifrwr(j(a,zbv 9 zn eo ko059o(ng a reaction in which

1.67 \times 10^{- 25} k g

of material is converted to energy?

A.

5.0 \times 10^{- 14} M e V

B.

4.1 \times 10^{- 7} M e V

C.

3.1 \times 10^{- 4} M e V

D.

9.4 \times 10^{4} M e V

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52#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How much mass is lost during a cfq/wd;ceyj, n) 0 n-(/ u2lhk+mi ptvreaction in which

1.7 \times 10^{8} M e V

of energy is released?

A.

1.8 \times 10^{- 8} k g

B.

5.7 \times 10^{- 9} k g

C.

1.9 \times 10^{- 17} k g

D.

3.0 \times 10^{- 22} k g

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53#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the total energy of an electron moving qsydb0.gwn 2j5f z,dj,-0rj uwith a speed of 0.95c?

A.

2.6 \times 10^{- 13} J

B.

8.2 \times 10^{- 14} J

C.

1.1 \times 10^{- 13} J

D.

1.2 \times 10^{- 14} J

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54#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How many joules of energy are required th8c 1 +kw)zwd-yw2hem o accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity ok-+ yww ch2)wed1z8mhf 0.866 c?

A.

1.8 \times 10^{17} J

B.

9.0 \times 10^{16} J

C.

3.0 \times 10^{3} J

D. none of the given answers

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55#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In a nuclear plant, sbet+rp k9s hb7y.82x

1017 J

of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

A.

0.1 k g

B.

1 k g

C.

10 k g

D.

100 k g

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56#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor+ lw-t2 hheh3c has its mass increaseh +-l3th 2ewhcd with respect to its rest mass?

A. 1.20

B. 1.55

C. 4.25

D. 8.00

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57#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You (/yq.8ct g.i ;+ner pget/b8ws7hret measure the speed of lightce8tw h ; e+.7.te(rgbt g8pyinsq/r / from the Sun to be

A. 0.05c.

B. 0.95c.

C. 1.0c.

D. cannot be determined without knowing the frequency of the light

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58#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth3/ dr1y pyxl+s. If the ships are headed directp3r/sy x1dy +lly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

A.

1.2 c

B.

c

C.

0.60 c

D. none of the given answers

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59#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed tr 5ar z7yjg4bkf7k:+ o))nm dof 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary obser k7ozb5dm)rk 7+a:tgf 4rjy)nver?

A.

0.20 c

B.

0.80 c

C.

1.0 c

D.

1.8 c

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60#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spaceship moves away fa nq2azco2 8:( eqo;vcv5l;nbrom the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile me nac l;bo:nv cq e;2qo8z(a52vasured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

A.

0.30 c

B.

0.50 c

C.

0.93 c

D.

1.3 c

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61#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed p+*tegptuhizw ts:t f+6lb x5/1r 7k: of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired towzb 1tt6i/w* pft +prtxk +75:ul:hesg ard the Earth?

A.

0.30 c

B.

0.50 c

C.

0.93 c

D.

1.3 c

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:

总分:61分及格:36.6分时间:不限时

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