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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or ot rzo7 qclia7oee(950ofr 6om5 her means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at cons9o6f( i7 coaer7o5o0em lz q5rtant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experimeno+x0 jw x t36)xbjj1aw8fi5ost was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley con/dm 0lpfw0y p/t pl2+ b/nmbyks7vq99m(dv 8 icluded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an int k2kmq*0 zdk ddj7c*9*5 )grgpqoqyt(erferometer yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prinboazy1 ;3;)ywi 1rkxzciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of oei4/c ku6q rym(m5r+6q5 pbf Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativiv g(uc 9uf-w1kwuf/,n ty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relatoa+j4kk ) mep60xkot)ivity was that theo6 )x4k +)jk0kamtepo laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relatim4c84q g xr0k82vuzm gk0k,dy vity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of spn u3i cy 3ubz:u;ovr8(ecial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a 6mccz (vp)c)y ix4gl; spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you i cpmv;(l) cgzc64yx)would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a m7 0u;klci* zo4b/:e-kgar gploving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definftf h:tj vd6/29 ifzf(ed as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space shi4 n a+07*1wqgnrkwy ump traveling at a very high speed to a distanw14q 70w g+*nmuyraknt star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observ7.cx.6xce;v0.mv u4m ,ht mryibbgn 7er, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with omsd x yv6.(3l. mihs,a velocity that approaches the velocsv (3mx.m., oihlsdy6 ity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to it*vv(p(g48dfaa+ fa2 y+9a vf5p xjcegs length with a velocity that approe8pa2*(a +ff45 ag pc yxf+ vjdgvav9(aches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the m)r/+w)xu- f xmab nl9hass of the particn)x/r- )+wuxf a9hml ble

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum9g7hz7 t:kvl h of the parthkvg7z7l9 :hticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a he3woj s,89qivery high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half itsiw9jqe h3os 8, normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton w0vi9dbgxjn c)t -8b w-hen its relativistic mass d-xn)gi80 b9jtvwb-dcoubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy provwh.-t o*6 so zve)sj1g)cxg( ton when its relativi sw gzv)-1o 6)jth.(g*vsceox stic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle oefaouwav/66yqg/1 j 6 f mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each travelingpv10t98heg9 k yef)mp at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is appp phy 198 e90ftemk)vgroaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends 5q8)t, c i;fwjdc-lrc.itpg 1on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, yec1biw b c7dgtl49:vl e t*77pou would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shorgm, m ;9gqili1e, does it move in a river that is flowing at m1;9gg iiqml ,1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what /xq,xxb ms/*w speed, relative to the shore, xs, qbm/w x/x*does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, 9ajs.s uate o6: xqs8n /2z3wzrelative to the shore, does 2u:jo 3ze/s6sta .q s8zx9anw it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stat. a:uww (ce7zlionary observer as runninl:c(wwaze . u7g at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and retijn . s4demmq.54n f8rurns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. 4 q4.8efnrmjmi5 dns. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 yeara s2cjc42,o79t zf0jmk ki6 qbr1hh/ es old. While Courtney remains on zc o 1/0hm i2,27eab6rjjkkhfcq9t4sEarth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother :w yd/hqi 2dy00rylu.takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth yh0q 0ulyi.d/yrd2:w, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a s *+9w(dx0wjjs(eld mg peed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move xc ui7q ,p2h+eto contract to half of its proper length (as obx 2i+h7 ,puqceserved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship cyqm+ltv6h37-d 8u7xz ik,jh travels by you with a spex juq36 z-th7vk cmd y8+l,hi7ed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 d(2by3 * sh 0svybh,b4)hemixlight years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenbxv ss 4 e,b0i*hd( )2hb3hymyger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauriri pa,: .8eowc, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time wouldi.r,8pawc o:e elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri,*mqbdw3 f6d p u8;vbfc;;cr8n*sow1x which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relafxb *o vn*d61dw ;uc;bcw 3s;rm8pqf 8tive to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What o349-rd)rtqjk,k8 cru6i q dris its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if itsf 3f0p .hq2zz1*fitkp mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your i g /cwmgx(d* x 4acw38+nwm(lspaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase by (/ nca8+wxdglcwm gm(xw*i34

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum gvj8e j(fyqv(: g9 wctsp 50.win $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element6yvu3hfz bk.kd42:i mp+gjo8 loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lo q.t23cihegs-uob jp k348qf.st during a reactigskcp8obqt.33hu 4 fj -2iq. eon?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equi:,wmskl 1an. yvalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 js9b *;ww: vghpeople, helping to e;g*vwh b jw:9snd World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its totascm+s1wr po o)siwru4+7qc: 0f; *qdal energy. What is the speed of the protm +:); di+ qo 40w1qs*r ossra7fpwcucon?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its tota(j0rqj 87 k-l fuml(ydl energy. What is the momentum in l -(jk l7ruqm(8dj0 yf$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction v a- 7e hb3q)gevqdu6(in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost duringy o6,io2jy9ab n5pwr . a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of .xr- 1ralvk:vp n6 ma7nf y4o0an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass fr k(xxlcy5owk0)1 gdg 1om rest to a velocit ywl 1k105xgo(d)kcxg y of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, mjipi6(ge 8,wwoh 6 1 mbi7f4p$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By whatg9zpgt),qyek sanb2(di ( 6.w factor has its mass increased with respect to dn9 g.,2(gy wq6t)a epsb( zkiits rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You ma)9 vx4f:eb *hrz*pb x6c(ob keasure the speed of light from thex:)cx 9 *k*4poveafzh b( bbr6 Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If j3 d2 z6toi zj+k -f,z8g8idlqthe ships are headed directly toward each other, wha ijqizg zdd 28l kjz6-t+o,f83t is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast wouhu(ir5 gvux+3dd0vjs,t he 1( ld light travel from the headlights xi+ gjt u(v1 d5sv3uh0e dr(,hof the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship to: k /g1h h yv+jw3n:7jblen:-ives9then 7n3yk h+ j gntswh/ob1jl v-9:::eivefires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth witk .aefw-8,blcrenf .x672 sbx h a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by obr 2e -.bn,b xeaxf8ckfs6 .7lwservers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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