Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity - 题库网 (tiku.one)

?作业考试练习?通用国际物理?Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

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习题练习：Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

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答题人: 匿名未登录开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24 切换到: 整卷模式

1#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means)npr a+ y nq+c(b /g.o1bsghs4 for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velngr )+1nb(hop/+b cy4.g ssaqocity. What should you do?

A. You can determine if the ship is moving by determining the apparent velocity of light.

B. You can determine if the ship is moving by checking your precision time piece. If it's running slow, the ship is moving.

C. You can determine if the ship is moving either by determining the apparent velocity of light or by checking your precision time piece. If it's running slow, the ship is moving.

D. You should give up because you have taken on an impossible task.

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2#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The Michelson-Morley exjyx93 rr.0wifpycps+)s fc6 / periment was designed to measure

A. the relativistic mass of the electron.

B. the relativistic energy of the electron.

C. the velocity of the Earth relative to the ether.

D. the acceleration of gravity on the Earth's surface.

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3#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiment tha;tsf2 b)+t;e xfi:o pqtuq4. zt

A. the experiment was a failure since there was no detectable shift in the interference pattern.

B. the experiment was successful in not detecting a shift in the interference pattern.

C. the experiment was a failure since they detected a shift in the interference pattern.

D. the experiment was successful in detecting a shift in the interference pattern.

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4#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following component t p. hkj(*+tj,fazai/s:

A. a light source, a detector screen, a partially silvered mirror, a flat mirror, and a glass plate.

B. a light source, a detector screen, two partially silvered mirrors, and a glass plate.

C. a light source, a detector screen, two partially silvered mirrors, a flat mirror, and a glass plate.

D. a light source, a detector screen, a partially silvered mirror, two flat mirrors, and a glass plate.

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5#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the relativity po w; 9)pdza vhs(md9q0rinciple.

该题自我估分: (必填) (满分:1.0分)

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6#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the three unprovable assumptions ,z;n4s7 o,tuxptnq6( hde(m xof Galilean-Newtonian relativity.

该题自我估分: (必填) (满分:1.0分)

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7#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The theory of special relativityt-c7(. nx ynmh

A. is based on a complex mathematical analysis.

B. has not been verified by experiment.

C. does not agree with Newtonian mechanics.

D. does not agree with electromagnetic theory.

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8#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

One of Einstein's postulates in fordl. p2iyj yy.5mulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames th5y pyjy2d .il.at

A. accelerate.

B. move at constant velocity with respect to an inertial frame.

C. oscillate.

D. are stationary, but not in moving frames.

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9#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the first postulate of 2f/acyfd a 6.xjg 5- f(fl3kc:h3as eyspecial relativity.

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10#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the second postulate of special relativ)7.ufxzykt 7m ity.

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from thefaccn xt 0 m iv.7a.+s(:ohx9 r*vc*lm Sun ancatc+(vma. rc. vhx*:xof 90l7 msi*t a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

A. much faster than normal.

B. much slower than normal.

C. the same as it was here on Earth.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Relative to a stationary observer, a move1tadhd+6dpazjtch:v3 3 0 yt f2 6h2ning clock

A. always runs slower than normal.

B. always runs faster than normal.

C. keeps its normal time.

D. can do any of the above. It depends on the relative velocity between the observer and the clock.

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13#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The gamma factor is definekkpm 1j:w in74d as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

A. can be zero.

B. can be any number less than or equal to one.

C. can be any number greater than or equal to one.

D. cannot equal one.

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14#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship trastl.+oi/4./wkqr ne nveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the asie nt/o k.wln/4s .q+rtronaut twin is

A. younger.

B. the same age.

C. older.

D. cannot be determined from the given information

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Relative to a stationary obsekvi,k9qhhn l/6 /d4-: em33uhs wzxparver, a moving object

A. appears shorter than normal.

B. appears longer than normal.

C. keeps its same length time.

D. can do any of the above. It depends on the relative velocity between the observer and the object.

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that apphpam)0 )vr*s: pdj8 . ;fi)om(onpi rmroaches the velocity of light. s *(nahmdv8m))pr m 0ioo . ):ripf;pjThe width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

A. approaches infinity.

B. approaches zero.

C. increases slightly.

D. does not change.

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17#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity thtkvad)(ei- b /at approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a statied)i-kt bva( /onary observer,

A. approaches infinity.

B. approaches zero.

C. increases slightly.

D. does not change.

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the parcv f.+iwl5g: q(q u+jyticgy f(qcwj+.lv+u5:q ile

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains the same.

D. approaches zero.

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19#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

As the speed of a particle approaches the g6zf fx;tq ie7k;,h3h speed of light, the momentum of the partih6i7;khzetffq;3 ,gxcle

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains the same.

D. approaches zero.

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20#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, youf)xqqd6 g6u3 h measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this me) xhudg6f6q q3asurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

A. one-half its rest mass.

B. twice its rest mass.

C. four times its rest mass.

D. none of the given answers

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21#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton wtc2:x m5 prpms s0n+j9hen its relativistic mass double pssjc t9+ :x02nrm5mps?

A. It doubles.

B. It more than doubles.

C. It less than doubles.

D. It must increase, but it is impossible to say by how much.

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22#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What happens to the t. thlx* f-h/l/ uqr)tvotal relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubles?l/)thq x. t*r fuh-l/v

A. It doubles.

B. It more than doubles.

C. It less than doubles.

D. It must increase, but it is impossible to say by how much.

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23#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Consider a particle of fk*ugqi8h8 d*mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

A. $\frac{1}{2} m_0 v^2$

B. $\frac{1}{2} m v^2$

C. $m c^2 - m_0 c^2$

D. $\frac{1}{2}(mc^2 - m_0 c^2)$

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24#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Siv.8xqw9k4c /hb .ann3jn4w 4jm 1mdkhip A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from theivnh4dnk wmq. 4mnk19wc /xj3 b84.j a Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

A. Ship A measures it as less than c, and ship B measures it as greater than c.

B. Ship B measures it as less than c, and ship A measures it as greater than c.

C. On both ships it is measured to be less than c.

D. On both ships it is measured to be exactly c.

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25#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Which of the following depends o1rv( x 9r1hwyun the observer's frame of reference?

A. the mass of the proton

B. the length of a meter stick

C. the half-life of a muon

D. all of the given answers

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26#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would o ay kw;anjf+36bserve

A. that your precision clock runs slower than normal.

B. that the length of your spaceship has decreased.

C. that your mass has increased.

D. all of the given answers

E. none of the given answers

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27#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still watfl-h0 n (xjzb3zfe 38ner. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river thax nn fe3bfhz0-lj (8z3t is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

A. 3.0 m/s

B. 4.1 m/s

C. 4.8 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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28#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With w 8jlg2ll ms2k(:nsae -hat speed, relative to the shore, does it move i2- j8gs:allmek (sl n2n a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

A. 3.0 m/s

B. 4.1 m/s

C. 4.8 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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29#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sbx, ivoa; ly35till water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straighlv,y5 3xo i;bat across the river?

A. 3.0 m/s

B. 4.1 m/s

C. 4.8 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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30#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary obrtr.0b n:-l 8)/,kddr zxvplg server as running ar .zrkdb:0n 8vlg ),dtxp/rl- t one-half its normal rate?

A. $0.50 \; c$

B. $0.65 \; c$

C. $0.78 \; c$

D. $0.87 \; c$

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31#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a plawd * f,yfobf99net and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on th,*yowffd 99b fe spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

A. $3.2 \; h$

B. $7.0 \; h$

C. $15 \; h$

D. $17 \; h$

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32#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A set of twins, Andrea 2e d-jih .8pn-pzsck 2d.gmiv+8ju 9eand Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth atepi8 sz+k -j. 9g pd-jv.ednui82cm2h a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

A. $10 \; years$

B. $12 \; years$

C. $18 \; years$

D. $20 \; years$

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33#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a aik g,0qo3 6j)xak 3xb7p*qxo6 rioz .speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. x oor7kxz,q0 33gaoaikp.) bi xqj 66* Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

A. 20; 30

B. 30; 50

C. 50; 70

D. 70; 90

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34#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A meter stick is moving t:uyre/qa -. vnoward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

A. zero

B. $0.40 \; m$

C. $0.60 \; m$

D. $1.0 \; m$

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35#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How fast would a rocket ship have to move to con/ 3-yoxuz q/w9;doltjtract to half of its proper length (as observed by a station9xoy/q zw -/d;ujl3otary object)?

A. $0.50 \; c$

B. $0.65 \; c$

C. $0.78 \; c$

D. $0.87 \; c$

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36#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The length of a spaceship is 10 mr rvmo zk: z y1+frcki9s583)k when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does itk3r m85+)z19v:szokkfi r yr c appear to you?

A. $5.5 \; m$

B. $7.1 \; m$

C. $12 \; m$

D. $18 \; m$

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37#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The closest star to our solar system is n 3:bm a,z9wz72roeafAlpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What3a2 9,m er7wfab:z onz distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

A. $2.58 \; ly$

B. $3.52 \; ly$

C. $4.12 \; ly$

D. $4.30 \; ly$

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38#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which5iq6o2 tint qwrvwq21-a zbl: sd,(6p is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clo alqq5 wi 2t:1ovp 6wqsrin 6z,-d2t(bck on board the spaceship?

A. $3.23 \; y$

B. $4.40 \; y$

C. $5.15 \; y$

D. $5.38 \; y$

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39#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The closest star to our solar system is 1k9e*s,ms x jqAlpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.xmeqj* , kss19800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

A. $3.23 \; y$

B. $4.40 \; y$

C. $5.15 \; y$

D. $5.38 \; y$

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40#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An electron is traveling a-ausd w(l + : (g1lfg6n5cipakt 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

A. $1.4 \times 10^{-29} \; kg$

B. $7.2 \times 10^{-30} \; kg$

C. $1.7 \times 10^{-30} \; kg$

D. $2.4 \times 10^{-30} \; kg$

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41#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the speed of a proton if it;2i4 qpu(ktnusn i5m6vf82 bts mass is twice its rest mass?

A. $0.50 \; c$

B. $0.68 \; c$

C. $0.73 \; c$

D. $0.87 \; c$

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42#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c h34nhlc3vl 7;pii +pk1kn r9sto 0.6 c, then your mass will increase br v 33hk;7cl9nn p+ski4ilp h1y

A. 19%.

B. 38%.

C. 100%.

D. 200%.

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43#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the momentum -qse r(mhl m2;3hpnctqw3 ,q9 in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

A. $1.2 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

B. $1.5 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

C. $3.0 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

D. $3.8 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

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44#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

During a reaction, a:;a/ij hb;nbf( zou0k n element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

A. $4.3 \times 10^{-11} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $1.6 \times 10^{-36} \; J$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-45} \; J$

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45#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

A. $5.1 \times 10^{-4} \; kg$

B. $1.5 \times 10^{-13} \; kg$

C. $4.8 \times 10^{-18} \; kg$

D. $1.9 \times 10^{-21} \; kg$

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46#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of materguwxdfrt-11 j*kse 2 4ial was lost during a reaction41*- jwdru sf2te1gkx?

A. $1.8 \times 10^{17} \; J$

B. $1.5 \times 10^{16} \; J$

C. $6.0 \times 10^{8} \; J$

D. $4.7 \times 10^{-8} \; J$

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47#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The amount of energy equivalent to two kil/ag5 9no9h(;p 4zoe)kd.b lfwk0wtilogram of mass at rest is

A. $18 \times 10^{16} \; J$.

B. $3.0 \times 10^{8} \; J$.

C. $9.0 \times 10^{16} \; J$.

D. none of the given answers

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48#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The atomic bomb that was dropdv74 nm16yb phped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was convert7bhp 6vm4y1 dned to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

A. $1 \; g$

B. $10 \; g$

C. $100 \; g$

D. $1 \; kg$

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49#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The kinetic energy of a pro4,vf0ot,s dic ton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed ofoiv,,sf4 dc0t the proton?

A. $0.02 \; c$

B. $0.87 \; c$

C. $0.98 \; c$

D. $1.0 \; c$

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50#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum e)wy +.c8r/buauwm-: jtvbt9 inbwr jvb) :9teumty u.-/cw8+a $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

A. $5.0 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

B. $2.5 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

C. $5.0 \times 10^{-18} \; kg \cdot m/s$

D. $2.5 \times 10^{-18} \; kg \cdot m/s$

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51#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What energy is released (in MeV) during l :l7vc a,cmgtfq4ts j9/5dd*a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

A. $5.0 \times 10^{-14} \; MeV$

B. $4.1 \times 10^{-7} \; MeV$

C. $3.1 \times 10^{-4} \; MeV$

D. $9.4 \times 10^{4} \; MeV$

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52#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How much mass is lost duk;+upq )u hhchh 8 9.f 5dlwmaqt68+raring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

A. $1.8 \times 10^{-8} \; kg$

B. $5.7 \times 10^{-9} \; kg$

C. $1.9 \times 10^{-17} \; kg$

D. $3.0 \times 10^{-22} \; kg$

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53#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the total energy of an g1mq;.rgd.tca s/df2electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

A. $2.6 \times 10^{-13} \; J$

B. $8.2 \times 10^{-14} \; J$

C. $1.1 \times 10^{-13} \; J$

D. $1.2 \times 10^{-14} \; J$

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54#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How many joules of energy are required to60cec ;nxs;+q0 ad6 sz4eyixz accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of+e4s;s60a;x iceqcd 6 znyx0 z 0.866 c?

A. $1.8 \times 10^{17} \; J$

B. $9.0 \times 10^{16} \; J$

C. $3.0 \times 10^{3} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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55#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In a nuclear plant, sj08asbjf/(b;de3tc$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

A. $0.1 \; kg$

B. $1 \; kg$

C. $10 \; kg$

D. $100 \; kg$

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56#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An electron is accelerated through 10p3)bbpt iq24glc:i9 t0 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest 4pqtp9:)gbtl 3cbi i2 mass?

A. 1.20

B. 1.55

C. 4.25

D. 8.00

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57#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measurx axd6jc1a52jn6zz;yp c (ge)e the speed of light from the Sun to bx xc(pg dez1)2c5z6ja y6nja ;e

A. 0.05c.

B. 0.95c.

C. 1.0c.

D. cannot be determined without knowing the frequency of the light

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58#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Two spaceships are traveling throug:s5rds0x-rqkth *38+oct)y zmb cs 6kh space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is theirtrx:0)dshycz-otqkm8c6 bk3 5ss* r + approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

A. $1.2 \; c$

B. $c$

C. $0.60 \; c$

D. none of the given answers

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59#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would liducunw9d)aw -m0j2b5i 4bkn4 geq )g 2ght travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary obserb)umw2 n2i40ew9dcguq4a gb kj-5n)d ver?

A. $0.20 \; c$

B. $0.80 \; c$

C. $1.0 \; c$

D. $1.8 \; c$

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60#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0 seudihj.jlj ;zef6x 0 )*: c6jtt*ud;.80c. The spaceship then ;jd*dj 0i 6:t efx6u;*ht.zcsjljeu )fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

A. $0.30 \; c$

B. $0.50 \; c$

C. $0.93 \; c$

D. $1.3 \; c$

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61#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. ;wxlgdkr9j 9 m,i:d2bThe spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the m9g, krdbwl2;ximd 9 j:issile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

A. $0.30 \; c$

B. $0.50 \; c$

C. $0.93 \; c$

D. $1.3 \; c$

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