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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceshi * bt/o3g,p2z1jw;w v(upa1j(yhsre tp that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if thg,p b*tu s23wjah(zp1 rvoeytw1j ;/(e ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley ;f v3o3r0f-y* 3rx6oudwbe 0xtfzl.mexperiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their expi*n v): )yc1p(dt gljqeriment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the followingnaovhue m )1i/kr)m;3 components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle)/r7myvq4zvki 9v.b y .
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assp7fhyy:y5,pvab4l n1 umptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativitygr;g f;isj3k4

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating;mqvh a4e.z/ at l)413vjnti kao,+yk the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are tlatv azk3yv i)eo n4mqj.t 4k;,1/+hahe same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relatl v7q/v dfv wg/707ctbz 5ncu.ivity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativity.m t +k*c, rb g,*rgiq:dfs(g:y
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving aw(djb r+;q cwm5ea /9ykay from the Sun at a speed close to the speed oa5wq(c d k;bj9yr+/mef light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observ2if2ev, ys ay9er, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defineow rg b-1n93qwpv;kga-d(vr0 d as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride l4vyli(zi )i /in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back aga v(zly)l i4/iiin, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary hl-acf0l- :adv 6ism w 69rn,robserver, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a dire nct/ ee4ub, l-s2a)x3lsm7fm ction parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of t)mn3tlam74 -/x,se csb flu2 ehis object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to6 ytu q j/(gozc(lu-;ex)iu8o its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a st 8(giozyu- ;6)(ce/txu luq joationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a partic.u e:8*sbhc fmle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the particlhf* sbm .ec:u8e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches th mn 40z7)df c;1ylhqlpe speed of light, the momentum of the partp qh7)mycn40lz f1; ldicle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. ttby kdg w/nye5eb8;vpms: d+66ms 3 *As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass 65 8 3w;6mm/ tbgtdy *p sbves+yekn:dmust be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton1lqi4 ne7s)pl+p11 mn5ud 3eg0jz vqi when its relativistic massg07ul j3 1+eii 4 pz51qqne1mvnldsp) doubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its p45n2us;t+wrp 5vca jrelativp;t54n r+ cu5vw2aspjistic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle ofwnm .9jby-w2 g mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line)sk,rl / d bn.5vyusl* :pc/lw. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light r ,*.b l) yuknc:/lw/slpv 5sdcoming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following g20ymwjwpn ca; (gf)cu /4ss( depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would obse5f+ ;r .yotmrlrve

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, req u(aj 4 gbj ;w7fs6cw+u;yd,elative to the shore, does it move iw76 agj,;qcwdfue;+ j4(subyn a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the+sq -/iuumq3dq stkm5 r :e))u shore, does it move in a river tha3quum-: +/i s)qmd )q5et ukrst is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to mg t- qdv;)t1 o .nj .ut9ujp5xi***cjxteo*othe shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the rqv)o-excdojp . go*;1** t* iut5t mjxtj.9un iver?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary o,3n/ nkb:mdov+ lvn l*bserver3:n dnlml* vn/bo,vk+ as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 houn/1b :1o5 ;ht xlt 0rb hb-*kumuokr9vrs according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time haxnmhlbr-1u /t9v ;hku:kbro1t 5 0ob*s elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andr07 lha ,pigf6zea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed ofgih6a,lfz p0 7 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speb- lpz:jq/9 si zl nyq:.)8rmped of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based tw pz.i:-8sn bm)j:p9rlyqql / zin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is movingqb3iw1s wdov(t.yvk u 8/o+5 f toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper lea(0 :u icoscj-ngth (as observed by a stationary oj(-ciuoa0: csbject)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceqh t7-/ej3 y8.pjw rblship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what lengtw/j hljyrtbe7q .3-8ph does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alphypr89gi4f l pim0 2q+z;t9ts xa Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance gt p;tz92xqlmiy 8pr9s4if0+ does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to o.cq q7nhmcgd(/v *l+x ur solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c rel.x7(q gm*/ dchcqln+vative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is ae qau57-q0dvkq 9 c/f4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant spe k -q097cfad/aqu5evqed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass,q 2/dmu3ctdz is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a protoy5:3uv4fcgbt gi,tz/h ss)mu-k t 3p6n if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship go) 55mzcs k81+;qa qzlj)sxaodes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incsc)+oks1 )a5qz5dm8z ;jalxqrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in /zys(;cqg tb380kjk m $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element losep wvole -)0-vts $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of mateih+eooujkfw*;7 h; :tls p-a 8rial was lost during a reactiosu+jah f*pikw8hl7eo;t : ;- on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent tb36 7s vi fasdkwh5 t:65gqg;qo two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killo vnd*zoe1i0zw.70r r ed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivale oo.7rwze1d0z vr *ni0nt to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton i cwuvc1d-,; vps 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the proton?-uvv1cc;pw ,d

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What iyr5n v w9)1llco5r h+de4n2wps the momentum)5l ohnvd e5r wc1p n+w4y9r2l in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in1e y2)mndj;qmda,pvsbx2: 3t which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reactiohk-tq6tb 4g)pc mo+yq)pbq4b3d7 w (vn in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total ener(w,cpd q3l 5datqbq:, gy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are require n6dt2 -atfzm+z6h. wld to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.866m nl6fz .tw2z6a +thd- c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, ; kk,9 /yuz p e/sa;p,bnrq)mk$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated thr2 abmlx0 xo4e2ough 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to ix24ax em2 0oblts rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away frompk ad.8iqbcsu/ 7 :x+p the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light fr pq8xkp7/u.:a+id scb om the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling thrvsxa9 z-3vhy 2-wk;+s vgm m)lough space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each oth )3 h9-vzl;v mwvma2+xs-gs kyer, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.g*+tc9 dgeoa e/dbgix2 6pzmrtp 0/, -80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary ogrm 2pp6-gdz,dxeb a9ite cg/*o+t0 /bserver?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth pq+mkdf36mz ; with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measurd+ mzkpf ;q63med by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth witrhpda, jm8m s 2-upj;b /1zo:e:j aet8h a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the misaape,1;eo:hmzd -82s :jj upm8jtrb/sile is fired toward the Earth?

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