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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or otht 3 8:*af1eakgm)iilb er means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determia mae1t :gk)3*lib8 fine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to meak/t8 dsy:t.j esure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concrio(wxlh w(;*5sb kqg02r ti 4luded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the hm8 (jsfrkjg c 99:j2o 6fukp3following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principl bhp :ri(ps6f5-j ah,wzw( * lu:zy+ipe.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptionz.d k rn3s:ggsi3pv7,dx z6q( s of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relatigg2 , am1-odie9evj9rvity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the spe*8v (pvamgy bu2y1lt5cial theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in ref28(vp yaglu1* tmv yb5erence frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativiahkh xq91mw5w0i+p9 zo)vh m:9 c1ewpty.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special rel pnswdi).r r*qz 0,b,sativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measur oqq ir3s96my.r m7;00uqukfn e your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it70qnyr3.q i0uq6 m9kf;usrom was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a statioypx 2fi2zk-,nsw7:dt nary observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined 71xap5-drop ias $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space s7; o m of *b9b4+w gi)wh8abeq.gq,jwchip traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The tqw g 9w7j baoq)f+om4,.;e hbg8i*w bcwin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obsxe cg 4e+swl1+erver, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocitzh xn(34hl0tw6r2b gwy that approaches the velx26lzhwtr(h 30 gw 4bnocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction paral;d )5dr 8. t zw0dvto)lby5v-zka:gf glel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The lengta5:vdgtbz.8d ;g0tzfd5wyl- r)v o)kh of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, thegk2vuin; ssi1292igwx9 e 5v d mass of the particsv ;e2xui2g gi951iwsk n v29dle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a par-3c gsyyu8kz)vmpc* pt)3as1 ticle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the partizca y)p)kusvt- m331cp *yg8 scle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As itqzyhfe6q;. n 2s+db5 t passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this mee y5nqdth fb.2zq;+6sasurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relatt.c-h-al l) smivistic mass t-l- s.)lcmah doubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy/ ( o,nhyf0r m3az of6+cefg*ues +oh5 proton when its relativ0o5o(zyo +mgh e f*e/ uhs ran3ffc+6,istic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle phuy d5/pgz-)u tx(bd/f c--3h (zuciof mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight lg.638 rgf+q fxjiu ; 4-dixlkvine. Ship A is moving qku;lj3f ggxi rx+v6.-d4i8f directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following des4zg)pil 8tu a,rik1.6.ol rbpends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spacecwa 5.m1gnf k.c-et ( ;ani)ybship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. W r0z+8qg /mmuul( bp2tith what speed, relative to the shore, (tq0l +z rm/bp28 muugdoes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in stixj+qkzy fapvk3g 1 8 z :ca-7w7r- ld+4ly/zksll water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in : z fcv-z +7k4qkszda wa rxl1y+-ky783p/lgja river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wi.amhxp ; 5wxf**kbq;eth what speed, relative to the shore, does it move i*;. eak;fhxxmbp* q5wn a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if ist,s;o m- fot8t is to be observed by a stationary obssso;8 t-tf om,erver as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey xsz. ehsmnly02m1. 3 fto a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed 3mfz.e2 h0.s nym1sx lof the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. Whiln lrp5b o+0y8b klu6 9ilo25fve Courtney remains on Earth, And lbku8yfp62bv 9 i o0o5+lnlr5rea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a spei-3yef ,39v ly rx u)n;pji/ig2hr dp4ed of 0.80c for 30 years acin; r 2 39yuevl-3p /,hiyjp4)i xgrfdcording to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward rg4h/a 2 vvk*qyou with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contrac49tir1hw6kwcb0 kgm8wk , hd:t to half of its proper length (as obserhr0h c k i w6t8wg,m1:bwkdk94ved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. Ifp-2tb5-eugycb 3 w3ehq 1phv-zue (*d the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to yo d5thegyu 1 (b 3cwe-3qpzvh-2 u-bp*eu?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whicr (fk:;3+n bvocij.xs00kbfsh is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travelvkkcjf br0o0;( f xb:n3s.+is according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to ou opby6y17qk b,a*wm)/zdp6xt r solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relatiobd76 1a/p x,mb 6q kwt*zyp)yve to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 ligp6:7euxw i od3ht years away. A spaceship with uow 3d76x:iepa constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its massk/b4vjy y1mn 2? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a pkkk g;lsl2r*.ba/8m)py sm a 2roton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then yoi ybxo 5jf,l5o877vc uur mass will incrxofbjci 57y lu7o,58vease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum 7 11ob cqlie9min $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an eleaqph-f0 ; 1nco/qghp q7/c;yement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost d(moyd+sg q mc: ;-vby4tbb 4n)uring a reactiom (oybcy;m)4d - vs+4t:bnbgqn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent t58. z8 fl8f kmjdnc vkl1xh/c+ic4 md6o two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 kili *mt;ksry6)t led 140,000 people, helping to ms;yrt 6 kit*)end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a n7l)n na(rm+3 ewwk1bproton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the pn+wk b(alr)nem7n 1w 3roton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the mf8v3iws c88 uromentum i883 cu wvfr8sin $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction9c ()z/vw1 pf j ml0sh*u* 0fju*vtfsj in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reao 6kavmnj80qhj b-;+b1rw mecgq71g ei xy767 ction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving wi bja7kc7u8kq(th a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energyq+bn(lq djq3qrzu ;)ma1 ac-7 are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from res +(mzj3 7u)qadn-1ab;q lqrqct to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, cjgnsp6)qe vk0 6s*t7$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is acceleratrnhti.mgh msnz ) :)k3*1;mtned through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest m)h mt3.zm*n: m;trg)1kn nihsass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket travelhq+v j*ih:q1 jl3i r3lyx*tv 8ing away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light fjt: y *j183vq3i lhv*hxlirq+ rom the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through+wdsw3ddtuf51 c v/m1 space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If th/dmd3 d1v 5tc1+w fwuse ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with b -:* /o9dmbr0pfmufhvym0r5o0 t*fu a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary :00pbuf f- f9or0 /m *mbmhrdtoy5vu* observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spni-byk j+l1z .1bgj3haceship then fires a missile with a spee+ hbzylk1ji .bng1 j-3d of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a mj124 fz. o w,mly)kebspeed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if thez42me w.), yf1ojml bk missile is fired toward the Earth?

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