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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has xr1ca-ia m:hjfn8 3, hno windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outsid a-inrf:m, a1 8jxc3hhe. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was cv 6qcfkm3nn;7) 4pckdesigned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded f bdet+j-:o*plrom the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometeir n/zna9y 5,nr yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princq ybqfo rjvkz po-ay* s wl/.-t6/m+,ieny+02iple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Nexp1/ .g wa1jxywtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special re) bnpt72 nrm i5l/ndg:k )9qkslativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the sp6q(:vp u(m qpqecial theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the spvu ((qq pmq:6ame in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate ofmi o 9dax4p-/ hxr1)kg special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulatej yuny70+t +ju6v ,b6g+b pma2+ofg vd of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spz f3ei 3rd1sa6aceship moving away from the Sun ir 6ad13fze3s at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving clocso7 .muqfsnlxx.5r n2,jh7 i8 k

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is dfbkj r:jy r*dwk ix1-ks/ce5 qe 0a6*6efined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship)jyijg+ox i),)yhel7d11a zf traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while),d71 lzhf+1gyexio y)) jj ia the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a; uthnzk)5t6x moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallelsnj3qu;pbw4 a-2mkv . cxon); to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. a2 .-jo 3k) csqxnw4vu bp;n;mThe width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in abxl6 rg(8l3s: 0k vr yh0yffq* direction parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measurk6 yllfbxy3r0: (g8v0*s hqfred by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches thryjmccc1r9;dlw -8;7lssn m1e speed of light, the mass of the particlmrcc d1 7swslj 8 ;rc-;m1l9yne

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle appvc5i :wh-; zu7qrfcyiv8:al(roaches the speed of light, the momentum of the part5a(hq8y;iz:uil f7w :c vcvr-icle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure2rzx -q/x ** pqljh15t t2euic its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear'uq-2z trj e*c*p/ 5t2qi 1xlxhs mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relat3+k7dz+ rboid m.a. qouykcx*.-e 3ebivistic mass doubld*erz -c+q3o..+ib xyaekok umb.73des?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton wheb +u4h /d/s)fzcgtxn 6n its relativisti)z+ nthfsdu 6gb4/x/ cc mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mass p*pw/2 7)t3 xt luo ms6qknv3p 9j9quu$m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight liy+n/ywo1 l-u hne. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light comiyhu/nwl+ o 1y-ng from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the followingwfk7 8m6(mqo,fecm9yj0yhwn5. j; m e depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship 71; nlld wc;1( 6+sekuhlv) dxo 6umobincreases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With wcus fx/r) g,khm. l04shat speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at/k0chxsr s ., fmul)g4 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relatf 0naf.cb2.kc5: qpzzive to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is hea5fzq b apc2zc.. f0:knding downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With wh pewfq( nfe:l8k 5/yj)at speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the riqn)l/pk ff :je5 8(eywver?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a mov b9/7h+uhbe nxing clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its norm+ub enx/7 hhb9al rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop jouvd/)zh no c**tep4 e*xrney to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the spe**e4zphx/ne*)t do v ced of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are inxf478on neni -i/qx ,di49nxkitially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a spaf,8xnk9-i/ no 47endinxq4 xice ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.8g2q(zu*1o+j :d.pr z ikh4mm q0c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning t 1dzq*:( qz2hui .mr4g kj+pomo the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. vot)+qd0k6j xxjix7;, uy te2What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of itsrs5i a50u wmwg6hk2hp8ey - *c proper length (as observed by a stationar kw5p -gui5sw 8*hhac e2m6r0yy object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the sp:ve7 k tj3fnm*aceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70 7t:fk3ne*vj mc, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, 1 dsce8dp:8cf1vdrv : -4 kfrdwhich is 4.30 light years away. A spacercr-d: f f :d1pdd8e1vcs4vk8ship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alp3qjj:;t nl lb2ha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock ln jqtlb2: 3j;on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yee*8u2x mo qa.fars away. A spaceship with f* xeo8m.q2aua constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling atfo;9cwg j dk-s5dbbj :b)rp8 / 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its resk c 6s oo:lr* xew(ae3+jc1l4nt mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will 0abtb*k+,lf 2-o esjxincreasjsk, 2lb*te0oa fxb+-e by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum nzav5q w4 l2w3w9w f18qsdb7fin $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element losesls2e ,8n:bw es9ik,2ssx ;y vm nnww*0 $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was los 2g/i5 wkf jzss njwggs9,24wv q1b9o/k6jyj/t during a reactiowf sk g/ ,gi5s14j/w j2 /zsob9jkq9n2jw6g yvn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equiv0:u5y c*8b4xwpb vusv alent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 1488cz4 fuoajcxl:ks ; 4c l6tp)0,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. Ho46pjc l 4ltczu8k fc)sax; 8:ow much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a pj jkfjx(8jh xg+b42v ,roton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the proto8k+,2b( jxxhf jjgvj4n?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80f k fs-;*i-gayuv/z t:;puvsn eg y) l)k4e.,g% of its total energy. What is the momentum ies- vg ti gkv,al) */gusnfe4yy;pk).- fz; :un $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a revdp:.b bl:w/v + p e,1e 3wpfqb73fty*cg1 pqgaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in morte5 t3h4n,which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving wik+a7ua4c*yhp49x me9hxt owi*bh)h/o *sjl /th a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate on v, :f2 bk;)ffsyte9ode kilogram of mass from rest to a velocitsky)v2ef f o9;:t,dfby of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, :v5u7z+viw u ,j, rnsj$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its masslny*kg3 lf d p4b427jt increased with respect to its rest mass?d473yglfbk jl24p *nt

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.ls)tcz q/c7 5w95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun s5w cc7t)z /lqto be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through spay cuxg4.gs 13u a+jyq6ce at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocg+1c3x qu4 g.j6sy yuaity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling w)sv-j/0v (zc7bnz vf 2 ivy o62su2kjkith a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary20 7vkjbjo2vynzi) cf/ 6-k2 zsvv(us observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.805ng x sa0p:tq tn)+t;6r eipakwe8t-4c. The spaceship then fires a mi a5:tt4wer -tn;sp a0ne g8pq)xik6+tssile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away t,chzy t9- o,in:smb3from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measuredibmch3yt, n9,so-: tz by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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