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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has novl10n bs*cw2p windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you s2 b01vwnp*lc do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment waj ,1p+ayx0i9oc hwc8 as designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the resultss s3pwkkp) p/97n8ru uov; c(y of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following componeb 7q9ds*if 2r(*2 md6rfbcfbw5,bj en nts:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle.+2n 9 tovkjtk4
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unpro*v/x1x po .klqj s/e1:;b9x esd sl/lwvable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special hkt//*+kt4uc(cjqxch pil ,2relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postu dmg s0*f/,vqxj/ kbhg.b76aslates in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames thaqmsxgh, b gk vfsj.6*0/ /b7dat

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativity/vmsax2qpw50ey-/ t v.lvc8 g.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of sxj5ys/i,)z-j7x jn kz pecial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your j+7ed tjqb 9:ghxwz(0z)1b sl pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, ydsb (q zl1bt)j09+ eghjxzw:7 ou would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving c ltf;ws(-n3cylock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as lx 5 zb,w+zxgb z.+6/5sx-u)ezxdzh 1m.shig$\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at gu725;elyc s1ll 3qmf a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained osmf751q2ye;ulc3l g ln Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer,7g1xpny sjtgtjaz.+mu;w j.ew6 -s.9 a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a directionzc88n4+ni d)jjp4r k*p3 gpqa parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary qjpzn 4n irp+cdk4*3)8p jg8a observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its l 9 +.fka8u cflr)zcc+cength with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The ll 8kc+u zc.+ac crff9)ength of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of gt4 n x.mtk2qunx e7fhtajf 929 2u)*xlight, the mass of the particlf k2 ut4t2nx t*97a2qux gm) efjxn.9he

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches th43pca-i a4.urj- vajbixh-phs e/2n6 e speed of light, the momentum of the partivh64is-. - bpcjaar-4j2/ p nia hxe3ucle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a v2 tsnxzonc:ph+g x -h1 xk9c)ev: ld.)ery high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal 9+) ct lzx kx .nsgpx:oh 2)1e:dchvn-length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a sgugjw o l4bn3.,erl-0kgzugy+ka( , 4 peedy proton when its relativistic mass dojlr,wal.o-u(gb e4yukg3g0 4 +z ngk, ubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton iah(2g -qr0js( fx2 p dul+*iqwhen its relativistic majsiq0 a -hg(+fiu*x2( 2 dqrplss doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of massa5)zvmk xrk x(12+ 28pmfwtta $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, b tft2il1/ *4+uo *voz bum9uzeach traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officer zv*b+uti o9f lb ut/12zo4um*s on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depenrvw2q we2v :b53/)vceoe4wyji 0i 6vkds on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would obse h smtutt4e2fl*k1 4f:rve

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, rel2ndds* 6boi vkv d5g;*ative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s i v 5dg6vdk sin*2odb*;f the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the s6zexx(itoi00ar 2 cm .hore, does i(raeiz00m.2xc xo 6 tit move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative rp.3f(y3 x 1fqo 0xk,-qyyjvhto the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is headinfvjo1-03yfy qk.r yx3 xph,q (g straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be obshbishjx i*gyf: g.;(qm7+x1 jerved by a stationary observer as runningj sb.igjqh17;+:y h*(xgm xif at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet 4+,kj xs,4zc/x hs g:icjlwnqkjq14-r x24xvand returns in 10 hours according tz x2x44-rq/x+1w,hlvjxcqi gsj 4cjn,k: k s4o a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are in (d5*u( c.vzsar m9mf-5h:vketdb (dnitially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea n s(dckazrud .b5tv95d*mmvh(e-f :(rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space tripi p,ae3 edu5y. with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years aap3 .yiu5ee, dccording to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with af gi8;sl /5fumz5g9uk speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocks, u5f3:w k btyd-e+iwet ship have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as obsefki3w tud b-:5y+ s,werved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaces k,.0 v lg4:sghea 1kcvfj(;quhip is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speelqsj;,:v01ga .hfk gvk(c4ued of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to ourf2ukvnew)3vh j hp 3*9s c-x)p solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel accordin 2cvh )f93 -sekwh*n)pp xv3jug to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is(m,ury.zu;lxm 9r x- c9s-d cm 4.30 light years away. A spaceshipd,x-zr;u9 y ( cmmurlc9-s.xm with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to ourcma:(r7u 5ff0i,c oih solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of ,cac5ir 0om (f:h ufi70.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is 6hmut39ggg , 58i h( ;zxpjcqpo3br) iits mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton );sgdn p7.yz)iu l.ygif its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then yo*ydjgytj ; +gesh 729wur mass will incr;27t g9+ dyg ejyj*hswease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumq)bks/ y le-5d in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element loses mns g/t,+y phc(yqy+ 8$4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if xi 5zof zoj1;hn6)3ea2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactioi)fo3ohzx;j zae15 n6 n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at res4enxt 5)aaw p/fh5n;h+o7fo,fp7ddl t is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was droppct *yt/eh59 mped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helpinghpe c5t m*/ty9 to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% ofxwnef 1:0wuhhts- 50d its total energy. What is the speed ofsd 0: xh5f-unw w1t0eh the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momens. ejhpsl-,3 utum in ,u sl. hj-pes3$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released0eig 4p/ 6vw9bazcyo8 (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost duringn.mdv oxlwe(9 )bs2m+au8v c* 2jc 1kc a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an e+chh5ru9ihwfql3/ydq 5 v3 9nlectron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogr y*8 la83*j ojli 47f:wrspzu)gp+u n1e:riodam of mass from rest to a velocit 81uuwn d3*z:f8p ilrajo+lp47*g iyosr e) j:y of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, y. kfp,qq jt4its1e;($1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated te rneem(d8*aoy(e4i .hrough 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with neoreeae i(m 8(4.*yd respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from thedkw atj w(-45g Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light fdk w- gwtaj4(5rom the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to t.ibuspfb2a xh sn 9n++mp.8d1he Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a per b+pa 189 s2nfsunhm.+ix. dbpson on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would l smpe3*rf v4yeqw3ku0) p6+ vqight travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a statiyve0s f3*kmrp+)q6 3 ev4wquponary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a pk6j* m7r*nif speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fire*nkj i7* prfm6d away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spae, ht pywpo4vqc7e2c+n47x z;ceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is o2; +wze, 447nepxhc7vqypc tfired toward the Earth?

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