Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity - 题库网 (tiku.one)

?作业考试练习?通用国际物理?Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

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习题练习：Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

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答题人: 匿名未登录开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24 切换到: 整卷模式

1#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

You are riding in a spaceship that has no w)1asi 93 hfpoiindows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measui1i o9)3shpa fre what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

A. You can determine if the ship is moving by determining the apparent velocity of light.

B. You can determine if the ship is moving by checking your precision time piece. If it's running slow, the ship is moving.

C. You can determine if the ship is moving either by determining the apparent velocity of light or by checking your precision time piece. If it's running slow, the ship is moving.

D. You should give up because you have taken on an impossible task.

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2#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to micpu0rrgq/m; a3tf* ld0l*x 0easure

A. the relativistic mass of the electron.

B. the relativistic energy of the electron.

C. the velocity of the Earth relative to the ether.

D. the acceleration of gravity on the Earth's surface.

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3#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of rre+2r*epo4tl; b1 c dtheir experiment that

A. the experiment was a failure since there was no detectable shift in the interference pattern.

B. the experiment was successful in not detecting a shift in the interference pattern.

C. the experiment was a failure since they detected a shift in the interference pattern.

D. the experiment was successful in detecting a shift in the interference pattern.

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4#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

You can build an interfiwq5 hau(w8a(erometer yourself if you use the following components:

A. a light source, a detector screen, a partially silvered mirror, a flat mirror, and a glass plate.

B. a light source, a detector screen, two partially silvered mirrors, and a glass plate.

C. a light source, a detector screen, two partially silvered mirrors, a flat mirror, and a glass plate.

D. a light source, a detector screen, a partially silvered mirror, two flat mirrors, and a glass plate.

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5#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the relativity principg):ftm(0z k-b5xp sh8b k zgv*le.

该题自我估分: (必填) (满分:1.0分)

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6#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the three unprovable assunpl1r 6 b;5xbrmptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.

该题自我估分: (必填) (满分:1.0分)

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7#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The theory of speciawvfgy. ev i -(x 1.o,zvb76jugl relativity

A. is based on a complex mathematical analysis.

B. has not been verified by experiment.

C. does not agree with Newtonian mechanics.

D. does not agree with electromagnetic theory.

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8#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theoryr u0y) 6b9vju,zbeu /mc3c,kq of relativity was that t 3u c 6zumr0bucbj,kye ,)q/9vhe laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

A. accelerate.

B. move at constant velocity with respect to an inertial frame.

C. oscillate.

D. are stationary, but not in moving frames.

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9#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the first postulated gydl*k)8u6v0i3nal of special relativity.

该题自我估分: (必填) (满分:1.0分)

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10#

问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

State the second postulate of special rew9s)-qx 0k b9bqvwty6lativity.

该题自我估分: (必填) (满分:1.0分)

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

If you were to measure your pulse lzy((w.i s:a prate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close topz.yl ws(i a:( the speed of light, you would find that it was

A. much faster than normal.

B. much slower than normal.

C. the same as it was here on Earth.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Relative to a statioe+v. :m5v pszonary observer, a moving clock

A. always runs slower than normal.

B. always runs faster than normal.

C. keeps its normal time.

D. can do any of the above. It depends on the relative velocity between the observer and the clock.

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13#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The gamma factor is defined as f.3rcm2v gr +wi6v9zq $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

A. can be zero.

B. can be any number less than or equal to one.

C. can be any number greater than or equal to one.

D. cannot equal one.

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14#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Suppose one twin takes a ride in apoh+w0mzrrvx2 ) 9w)k space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth pre)9+0ropwkmz wvh2 rx) dicts that the astronaut twin is

A. younger.

B. the same age.

C. older.

D. cannot be determined from the given information

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Relative to a stationary obsekzun x:5ttv-1u., oh urver, a moving object

A. appears shorter than normal.

B. appears longer than normal.

C. keeps its same length time.

D. can do any of the above. It depends on the relative velocity between the observer and the object.

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with122x6tvu uz/sqmqy)n /s3yv c uy.jk) a velocity that approaches the vv)uu1v2u) nj/ tyq6 kyzqs3x 2yc.m s/elocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

A. approaches infinity.

B. approaches zero.

C. increases slightly.

D. does not change.

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17#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An object moves in a dire 7c /nm8ma0jjcwb,wz (ction parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of thiswcwn78(0j mbz/ a mj,c object, as measured by a stationary observer,

A. approaches infinity.

B. approaches zero.

C. increases slightly.

D. does not change.

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the. r.e srk2m8vj particlser.j.r8 2mkv e

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains the same.

D. approaches zero.

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19#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum 8)o t9w caad. e4qvg+v 4mp)4+gmksor67kj dhof the particlgv resgd4k)+om+7ap) m6t 8v.h4k94qc wjaod e

A. increases.

B. decreases.

C. remains the same.

D. approaches zero.

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20#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measuro,kml b3 e3wuo81rg( j9d5qt se its length at one-half ,wdm( u3or81 etjoksl 3gq59bits normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

A. one-half its rest mass.

B. twice its rest mass.

C. four times its rest mass.

D. none of the given answers

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21#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativisti, gie0q 6g0v8c- gnyp7m b+pnzc mass doubles?7c pgpn0+m ,i ny-8g6veq0b zg

A. It doubles.

B. It more than doubles.

C. It less than doubles.

D. It must increase, but it is impossible to say by how much.

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22#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What happens to the total relativistic energy ohjhlg(xlc(/jk o6 v; (f a speedy proton when its relativ( (k(hov;6ljx/ cgjl histic mass doubles?

A. It doubles.

B. It more than doubles.

C. It less than doubles.

D. It must increase, but it is impossible to say by how much.

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23#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Consider a particle of m7x*vmm tg3uurf v0 8p(ass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

A. $\frac{1}{2} m_0 v^2$

B. $\frac{1}{2} m v^2$

C. $m c^2 - m_0 c^2$

D. $\frac{1}{2}(mc^2 - m_0 c^2)$

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24#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is (hcae)i6 :gbz tz ))ssmoving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The scienc(6zh )) t ez:giabss)ce officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

A. Ship A measures it as less than c, and ship B measures it as greater than c.

B. Ship B measures it as less than c, and ship A measures it as greater than c.

C. On both ships it is measured to be less than c.

D. On both ships it is measured to be exactly c.

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25#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Which of the following depa)m kt7vs9- k waw15kkends on the observer's frame of reference?

A. the mass of the proton

B. the length of a meter stick

C. the half-life of a muon

D. all of the given answers

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26#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

As the velocity of your spfv6ckq;b21zw) ,hrmi aceship increases, you would observe

A. that your precision clock runs slower than normal.

B. that the length of your spaceship has decreased.

C. that your mass has increased.

D. all of the given answers

E. none of the given answers

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27#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A boat can travel 4.0 m/tw6lpio 2 ;lr t*,nbd(s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, doeln;btr,l2t io * dwp(6s it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

A. 3.0 m/s

B. 4.1 m/s

C. 4.8 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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28#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to te l lowq7,q zb ivh7/3;79feathe shore, does it move in a river that i ev3q79/;qbelo7fa,w zh7lt is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

A. 3.0 m/s

B. 4.1 m/s

C. 4.8 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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29#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in stktgm lw2u0ufb , .c2k,ill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the bob t.20fg ,2,kucmwlu kat is heading straight across the river?

A. 3.0 m/s

B. 4.1 m/s

C. 4.8 m/s

D. 5.0 m/s

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30#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a station )ys3 yu+(wrbnary observer as running a )yyn+u(bswr 3t one-half its normal rate?

A. $0.50 \; c$

B. $0.65 \; c$

C. $0.78 \; c$

D. $0.87 \; c$

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31#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and re7ryb1 x,rl54xib6*ts flkqw )turns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship isstr56wxl*x 7fy1qrk bl i) b,4 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

A. $3.2 \; h$

B. $7.0 \; h$

C. $15 \; h$

D. $17 \; h$

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32#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 6qx9ech8mu5s 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea ridxh58 seqmc96u es on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

A. $10 \; years$

B. $12 \; years$

C. $18 \; years$

D. $20 \; years$

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33#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space tkfoz f3 mn j3ezlf((:3rip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and thef3 zolf((fk33jn ezm : age of the Earth-based twin brother?

A. 20; 30

B. 30; 50

C. 50; 70

D. 70; 90

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34#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed e8 t(a 4jmhwe.of 0.80c. What is its length?

A. zero

B. $0.40 \; m$

C. $0.60 \; m$

D. $1.0 \; m$

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35#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of itoaz)+ l6p il zvrw7s87s proper length (as observed by a stationary op+l7i87 a6sl zzrowv) bject)?

A. $0.50 \; c$

B. $0.65 \; c$

C. $0.78 \; c$

D. $0.87 \; c$

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36#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it isoz1 c7zi;mzwe4 5yp/a at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appe/y 47camzi1z;zep5woar to you?

A. $5.5 \; m$

B. $7.1 \; m$

C. $12 \; m$

D. $18 \; m$

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37#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The closest star to our solar system mdc)t- auqf ;s :w7t8sis Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance do-ftw7 )qmdt:s;a 8c sues the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

A. $2.58 \; ly$

B. $3.52 \; ly$

C. $4.12 \; ly$

D. $4.30 \; ly$

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38#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light y:q:v1igeb (vpz .i2e wears away. A spaceshipbgqev: ipwv( 2 e.:zi1 with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

A. $3.23 \; y$

B. $4.40 \; y$

C. $5.15 \; y$

D. $5.38 \; y$

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39#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whica-e w.lb7u-diank.l-xlc8 h uvitp +w ut);6- h is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much6dcw--hx)uw i7k+l nlb. eita;vuaut l-p- 8. time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

A. $3.23 \; y$

B. $4.40 \; y$

C. $5.15 \; y$

D. $5.38 \; y$

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40#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An electron is traveling at 0.85c. Wkv( o7ir.cxsl/bh7)v hat is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

A. $1.4 \times 10^{-29} \; kg$

B. $7.2 \times 10^{-30} \; kg$

C. $1.7 \times 10^{-30} \; kg$

D. $2.4 \times 10^{-30} \; kg$

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41#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mawr.q9uv(7* v xa s8 qkuw(yav)ss?

A. $0.50 \; c$

B. $0.68 \; c$

C. $0.73 \; c$

D. $0.87 \; c$

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42#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c hb4d90cg4 a ekhw4++d9j lca pto 0.6 c, then your mass will increasej+0k 9acp+ae l4chwg 44d db9h by

A. 19%.

B. 38%.

C. 100%.

D. 200%.

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43#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the momentum i l7 -ob2 x --3tuvnmg6wnpwl;an $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

A. $1.2 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

B. $1.5 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

C. $3.0 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

D. $3.8 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

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44#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

During a reaction, an elemenwmul 1 rwl66zs2fa+b44r not( t loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

A. $4.3 \times 10^{-11} \; J$

B. $1.4 \times 10^{-19} \; J$

C. $1.6 \times 10^{-36} \; J$

D. $5.3 \times 10^{-45} \; J$

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45#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

A. $5.1 \times 10^{-4} \; kg$

B. $1.5 \times 10^{-13} \; kg$

C. $4.8 \times 10^{-18} \; kg$

D. $1.9 \times 10^{-21} \; kg$

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46#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a react43h:i akgh7a uihi7k4:h3ag a uon?

A. $1.8 \times 10^{17} \; J$

B. $1.5 \times 10^{16} \; J$

C. $6.0 \times 10^{8} \; J$

D. $4.7 \times 10^{-8} \; J$

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47#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The amount of energy equivaq3wmi0uk1 gn2 lent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

A. $18 \times 10^{16} \; J$.

B. $3.0 \times 10^{8} \; J$.

C. $9.0 \times 10^{16} \; J$.

D. none of the given answers

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48#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The atomic bomb that was d67tn**-y ok ic/rlsp2+ rrpj gropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much crpry g7*pk +2os*i /j6ntr-l mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

A. $1 \; g$

B. $10 \; g$

C. $100 \; g$

D. $1 \; kg$

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49#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total ev 36vp4eyar.w;c mz/ q b*;*mibzl( gw8hix n*nergy. What is the speed ofq;wev(rmbcaz* p;i8.ibg y mh /*3 xlnv6wz4 * the proton?

A. $0.02 \; c$

B. $0.87 \; c$

C. $0.98 \; c$

D. $1.0 \; c$

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50#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentuilr:; evk6ffm zyb68s9s(v,f* ox)v bm:m,iv ffx vssyo96;vfl6 8bz bekr)* ( in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

A. $5.0 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

B. $2.5 \times 10^{-19} \; kg \cdot m/s$

C. $5.0 \times 10^{-18} \; kg \cdot m/s$

D. $2.5 \times 10^{-18} \; kg \cdot m/s$

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51#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in whi6kd */ cynhk+bch $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

A. $5.0 \times 10^{-14} \; MeV$

B. $4.1 \times 10^{-7} \; MeV$

C. $3.1 \times 10^{-4} \; MeV$

D. $9.4 \times 10^{4} \; MeV$

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52#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How much mass is lost during a reactionqjr idbk )rq(ud:rnwe- , s010 in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

A. $1.8 \times 10^{-8} \; kg$

B. $5.7 \times 10^{-9} \; kg$

C. $1.9 \times 10^{-17} \; kg$

D. $3.0 \times 10^{-22} \; kg$

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53#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the total energy of an electron moving with a fda*: wmyjl0wsu:(w.k3wol. speed of 0.95c?

A. $2.6 \times 10^{-13} \; J$

B. $8.2 \times 10^{-14} \; J$

C. $1.1 \times 10^{-13} \; J$

D. $1.2 \times 10^{-14} \; J$

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54#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How many joules of energy are required to accelerate d,5 (ptpdk abo+h r7/k*j1 wr0dnfq7done kilogram of mass from rest to7jknd0tpbqa 7/d1,(+5rhprdk* d fw o a velocity of 0.866 c?

A. $1.8 \times 10^{17} \; J$

B. $9.0 \times 10^{16} \; J$

C. $3.0 \times 10^{3} \; J$

D. none of the given answers

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55#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In a nuclear plant, orl p 5qqc8(4j$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

A. $0.1 \; kg$

B. $1 \; kg$

C. $10 \; kg$

D. $100 \; kg$

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56#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. Byf7oeqf m ym*gd7c (6t0na*+uf what factor has its mass increased with respect tf7a+mdy*n6 og(f*70c mequ tfo its rest mass?

A. 1.20

B. 1.55

C. 4.25

D. 8.00

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57#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

You are in a rocket traveling away from the Su +nykl.k-,ix/treb f8ug)z2s n at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun tx8 r2 s+, u-glkeibt./nf)yzko be

A. 0.05c.

B. 0.95c.

C. 1.0c.

D. cannot be determined without knowing the frequency of the light

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58#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative :/nqfgf5u o (vto the Earth. If the ships are headed directv 5uf(fn og/:qly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

A. $1.2 \; c$

B. $c$

C. $0.60 \; c$

D. none of the given answers

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59#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. f2fx3ty vx 0r; How fast would light travel from trtfx fv2; 0xy3he headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

A. $0.20 \; c$

B. $0.80 \; c$

C. $1.0 \; c$

D. $1.8 \; c$

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60#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a sp *i f0yl6 ur-e7v*wqeaeed of 0.80c. The spaceship then w*qlv760re uf-* yeiafires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

A. $0.30 \; c$

B. $0.50 \; c$

C. $0.93 \; c$

D. $1.3 \; c$

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61#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The s pekf 9;5fy22yz(u lxepaceship then fi 5fxl2y;2u 9yze( pefkres a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

A. $0.30 \; c$

B. $0.50 \; c$

C. $0.93 \; c$

D. $1.3 \; c$

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总分:61分及格:36.6分时间:不限时

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