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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means 3j2- ;kwytjtsq y ;)npfor you to observe or measure what is outside. Yoy2t;jwk;psqy -3)t n ju wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designev 2yn30e z(vuud to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concl uay0owqcfuch:+.o b 1,t +cy6uded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the fo8ez5wyz j9 u)nay dp99llowing components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity pri7eh80y 3+tnnh)pdjr(p6eukz nciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable 4aj-,a;tteq )w f bwm.assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relatiwsyvt0 :2osd ,-r 53lz*xavglvity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the specez vubs7p,7:e ial theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the p:s7zb7 ev ,uesame in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special*d; )x6 /wa qmpb5sl-h a9ytlr relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativ*;u-mfu 2 kwzsity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceshi *m,juypv*o6 n8v7 mi)rlw42sb r,cvkp moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would fir,vs jk )uvc*8yvobm*p2r4limwn 6 ,7nd that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a m* fq)4/lnmcrh oving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defineax4pgys x;5d 7 aw:nr/d as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takt *ol- 5yc7ddpes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on opd*75ylc -t dEarth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a statio mtxh3o t5n+kq 8;l):h3kkqy knary observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that apjq(s: w7ogbt7proaches the velocity of light. (jg7 owb7s:tq The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with3q 86*;jgjri 8 hmz *vk.mok6z i1eurn a velocity that approav*nk6 8;zijjhm ue6io *r.q 8kr3 zgm1ches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speet(fur+* manc1 d of light, the mass of the particlnrmf+t(a cu 1*e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of tq88hi3d0 )orls u 5rrrhe particleuqr5 )d8rr08o3ils r h

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure itsutc19bf h2 dd6b*8qq k length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you cotq bf6*qk9c1db2h8u dnclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when it.oqvj a5a0+zus relativistic masso05uq vj +za.a doubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its refl6,s5p). w0kbg sss ulati )sl5ksu.,p sg6s fb0wvistic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle nio fqj 7i8e99if/*vup; vf,*tmyk l:of mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c0- ef+4yidrdec;- oj9 79nj l dqrr/rc in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each shl-9o4/e c-7 +qrrj dfnjde di0c9yr ;rip measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on th z+zi.tqbxomr (j .56ixdq06re observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you wouaoi+n de a g)2b7pc0r. o0i5cjq9th; xld observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to5l:14y1dj9h hqnv zh c/w9ano the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boato1wz qhh 4:hn19j5lvcn9ad/y is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.jg,u ws008q dk0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downst,dkq 8gs0ju0wream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/dlsp ewnd;)4lo9:m g*s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is headi)ds4*wln olepgd: m; 9ng straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a movinl1w2j6ux -mmug clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one 6u -xmlwj2mu1-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 s1x6:ar0p(.6jac yc7tkx r yghours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, ha x6tyxrpj 0cscg.6k71ay(:row much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. Wem+; z3kkmmp7hile Courtney remains onmem7;pk+m 3kz Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin br161t4vuo.jw *g9kgkngwl3st8 y vle+ other takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Ear6*1ugvv y9e8slg kltt34n .+w1j wo kgth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you withwjs 1w ft4o8g* a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract /a xon g2uv j/und:x-/to half of its proper lengguoxn-/:nd v/ax j2 u/th (as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at s5w3:b luam- bpn58d etk s e(ax4:nu+rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear t e+(k 5n:a dt ub-ue8sbw:xa4m5pn3lso you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whichnik6j q6.rk:b is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to. rq:b 6n6jkik a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whic /4mm2ohadjh0grxa7 . h is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a cl7.2ja 4/ mgrxdo mhha0ock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system.hk6cel zh)e. y+ zrfof;4a6i is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time woul.i4e6fy 6+hefho al .;k rcz)zd elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The r,qu; buubo* +kt+knlvn, 9 8h0feel7jest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a protonu96zswvo 5 6c9gd nvo0 if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship)k( gfij h;dl0bs3 :6o3nb 8ur0 hqtpm goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will ih; iru(thgkmqp:o j 6n3 0sdb0bf83)lncrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum xs dhw(lm o),j37/;iykbmb*ain $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an eluh-.b8rxzq ( kement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost d6 tsrfu ;l0k/ncfs:n/nj -a1quring a reaction/s s:-nqf /nk1t;6aurfj l 0cn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to tw1 xff)zdyy24g o kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was droppevm u sms6pl;+;ycn 4/xj;ue*hd on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much m;x 6 ply*vesu+s/mn;4 juc; mhass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a pro.gfip+s; eua*ton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the si .*pu;gafe+ proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton pvwnb m v/3 bf0* :lozj7e78qhis 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum in ef:b 8ovn7*lj7ph/vm0wb q 3z $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in v2xei 3iobnxsd81q4) which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reactiockl h)s(+lw (vn in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving *v jb pa,g,-lzry-lax 129yxykgvwp(gr j0-3 with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one k-j/ 0a4w7ci-y ()baq *;ope xtz meuxzilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.866mz/ wx0qc b;7tp x z)iyaeoje-u-*4( a c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 3echzk/: /ifq6s af6v $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 k6wmd+rmx6co +-yzbdq h5 6d u2V. By what factor has its mass increased 6d5wmdu-x2q hby r6 +o+mdzc6with respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from th v4gz);le6 /indgpehr 208gcn e Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from theg4hv;6gi lnr d/e2)08gn ep zc Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c rj9:l w2xzr+0h hcrjh/elative to the Earth. If the ships are helz/: h j0x+wcjh2r9rh aded directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with . sfi9rhqv5.vtd5617jdsqqv a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative t.iqfd9vh d755vs .q 1v srq6jto a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from u21 iba1-,b(luk xbm dthe Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth likbbx1m(2 d-u b1 ,auif the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spac5 4lj6u6tnmse eship then fires a missile with a s jm6ln65stue4peed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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