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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has n kjf.a9 w/oh1zo windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at consta 1wh/az fk.oj9nt velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment b 5 k)hgzv3bu+was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morleyobw6ws4;z kt9 concluded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an inte/k5 exr /tkqhp0brj 5 o+)ocx1rferometer yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principm h 7xn9;ua4qole.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable so2*powlv:td8t+*55+j 8 kgdvu febkassumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special rel :w4tz 3y3 wr xiyi)cyx7yk(i*ativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory cj(9oa55 0 7lnrj(oby;zlkvqg,ed0y of relativity was that the laws of phj5 deq(bgyz ,yko50nj 790co v;al l(rysics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativit+jd-w 1u0s/n6.b8psqx wwkb hy.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativity.ve+7l*;vqqyt/6bo;y jn3usw
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure yomih+m kr/te*2td atv q/r:k/c 1(hiq0ur pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of 12(ittkh/m qh/akqdv+r *0:i /m retclight, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving clohf1rg1o k9j wmxkxehtd /0 46+ck

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is d tx;)pu9 sef-defined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very ythe -q*euybp6 rtlm- f+/:(xhigh speed to a distant star and back/(t qler:-b tfpe-* xm+6yhyu again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving obje-)uj oe.18l0dxvyt(eyx: o ce ct

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a dire uuzh5:/;lw ofction parallel to its length with a velocity that approzhw5uo lf/u: ;aches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a ve-k5znw20 xs9p ,dlmpx vh qz0;locity that approaches the velocity of light.xp0hlvsnd-p qk 20;mw9 z5x,z The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle appk v/ x) xz:gzet1-/)zi9cm;ibnq i, cnroaches the speed of light, the mass of the particlqgixx:zc ,t91z / )bz;/ k)mvniicen-e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mome-/3.2fngkr u6zvw2atrz j+mpntum of the parzn+pavw fu 6ztj2- km 3.rgr/2ticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a ve :pllgn15cf;h -kh6(g vid1mt ry high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you cocm g1dk (fllvi- n h5t1pg;:h6nclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy protonkzhc oh26*.)hbb.4(vwg swd h when its relativistic mass dsk 2chb. ( 4bhh .gdowv)*whz6oubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total rez* a6-.twwn ip;uhe26q jto8 klativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubles6.wkq e j6;oz wta*n utp-8h2i?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mas xn6w6wdg :uq269i lyks $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straig js1oyh:r s6*cht line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they 1js yhrcs:* 6omeasure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on z(j-rxwku ,g04 a e(r:xqb w.hthe observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spac2ug* pwpnw *. iwa3, wat.ad1kh6xyi2eship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0ufu hmr6xn4:4jxz *pt15*d as.w (fpp m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowi6:.44s ufatp**mx (z1u5 xrjpndwpfh ng at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the wg3( f/t:1gin7e ptposhore, does it move in a river that is flowing f7igtg po3 t1:e /npw(at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the s/t(g xwlm a8em99x1xgxlk 1lggluy ,pf e.-/ ,hore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight acro/ ex-wxlk9fy /tlu1,ae1,gml(g9 xlpm .8xg gss the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary 8t9b r8akwcu vk4v e67observer as running at orb76avcwe8v k k u48t9ne-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a pl qz-cp wq7tog,; 0a9ezanet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80tc ;p0a,7 q9zewo-zqg c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney3jssww4w5lv kg1ik yyv+v*;5 remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upov+kv4vswj5i gl1y; y k* 5wws3n her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother1..om rtpc6mt takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earthrt o6..t pcmm1-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving (yhrv hjtc4kf05+q bu8.*sv v toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to ,+m;nqjt8fsbl xdpml37xj 1 1half of its proper length (as observef7 db, 3+lxp1mt8; mj slxj1qnd by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship i fxbw1 )92 nn i9n6dbf:dw7uyjs 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels b6jfb9f): n2db1nn 7wwui x9dy y you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to nz)dbx ./uu 9sdftb xtcn;46,f4 9rkhour solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according t;u4/r4nth xfxbcs.f9db9)6z, dunt k o a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri,m3i *7c04:22ahszs- lbiant(jzmtvw which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relnh 2bvt2zm iam7w3-sailj*cs 4(0t:z ative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alph+v dh(8 jv foxjy76:mda Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earthv 78hfvdj 6o+d :xmjy( travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (oi j)ayljs8ql-cw*wv+7.c :z The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if itsgbqw:(s5h+ xip kw/jz vuf *;. mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your sp 0e+;fmq;2i uq5 ;absan7whfy aceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incr a2mh;+0i;w7u q; q ena5fysbfease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumgnwl7p :wv:q(z ,me m+ in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lo;1du-ig. syjj ses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be rc- zvyw ep03ic8 kd/qz 71vk+aeleased if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reaction?k3aqc081i7 kp/+wz dvyv-cz e

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mas+/2vjx 23jdyp*b3 8h/iyxbbkq ymz q.s at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1 t55qr- -3mxd0jqj ;ii1vdjmr945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took qi; t 3jmv-x1j -d5qj imr05rdplace? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the spef5w(v k0q/g ated of the protonv w0f qg(/k5at?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is br dsy3v68)gozy he4380% of its total energy. What is the momentum ige)y o8ybr4z6h sdv3 3n $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reactio.wdn7i2,j 4g/b. e4z(p2 mmw 0u5ybz ca sfjern in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in w5c2sn3h oa8q4o6 tya+3 pqfdcs 7uqd 2hich $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electro4xk0s j bgr0926fbq; 7w gazpm0mfl,ln moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass fy4q1h o/eqt4uockj c- +wg ,v5rom rest to a vhety co+u4o5w-k/ 1g,v4cjqq elocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, spw1 o7q-ql)6yuoq p( mv:f8f$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has yuz 47-r(7j0 ughyh3.9uhx uworbik( its mass increased with respect to its z- 77wriux o3hbyg0yjhukr9(u4.hu( rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measur1 5imh/ -6yd5jpbno)0uwkg saj *ez6ie the speed ofjb- u*p oj/e mwi k)ny6gs0a6z5 51hdi light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traw +;)ht/glic uveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as me) +th cu/wl;giasured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is t4w -acr9ss*yb,rz.w hraveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the he, arr -b4 .*whsy9wsczadlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth w+ns5ljhinp3v4 62 j..8 iuj .htr pdhyith a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fi .jnhp4 .63vndhjh2u8i. rli5 +typjsres a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The 0;ccel7 b e14bvqazzt2 cbk-5qi:o.jspaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward t4ji.:cz;1aqcb z07 lqt eb -bcko5ev 2he Earth?

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