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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows 7rblyh-h+l:,d k1yan, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is o1 yhabyk:n7r h -+lld,utside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to mev 2y d-9jl)g5 d t3fatsw-be1yasure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiment that*rymunhzmjmw8; 5 + 3nc3th 7i

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interfero6o+s(aqqge3t meter yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principlee8 :d-/m ,q wq8i k)t(riyctwy.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable a.ik3 (jzqike.oc0l; hks*7g r ssumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special rel5 4jhe9n2 bixuativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativia60 s.-7 ys 08kk hqqy,)sdnur2 zbnyqty was that the laws of physics are the sad0ks)qb asz.uk2y y h-yq7 q0,r n8s6nme in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of bvz* 7e 5up+kdspecial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of speci;4.:,ca tp:i znamoee al relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spacesu(obc-jz*414 id.yao mc) od. ne vot9hip moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find thatn 4)t o4b. meczadvdjo.1- (o9c*oiuy it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obs9 9onvnz zf9d5*r2ei aerver, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is def,e;e;zr6c 3 gokrijxy )mez/4n ppa+;ined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a verc t ,::fn3p u92s9mr0 dmafrjay high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts tha:prr9s uj93n c2tda fa0m,:fm t the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obser, ;tio.)w-itv:m c dayver, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in an +4wkhqbue.5o pi0anzh4q6+1x :pxi direction parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocu6o qa pxnz0 h145qbh4.:+exkin+p wiity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a directiov:,xne1b ocv0.6i yajn parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a statiy0anve: . cvbj,1 xoi6onary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle-9rvm7- fq (o ahh0wag approaches the speed of light, the mass of the particvha 70oq9f w mgrah-(-le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of liojbr 7jeugm 8m 446g7zght, the momentum of the pamebmo4767 jz u8grjg 4rticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a veryz,:sbw8m.oox d ;t /ux high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-wudx;x.s8 z/m,: otbohalf its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energyy6idve7sq bt/gy 8**l 0h ,waz of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubd,7l8 gev aiy0b s/qzwy*6t*hles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its reli (pwxf5b3fz 1*.bxuaativistic mass daxi5wpbxz*(1 .ff 3buoubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle o64z : dbf7vf1o ujqdu4.yb6 mnf mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight6ir yc3t1te)azc 4n)k.c *y rp line. Ship A is 3rzc)y6)i.ncc *ttepa yr1k4moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's framq ai1t dwc 9a (l/ui5tjv,ce3/e of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would observwtpwz9w12 :hkv-;dxc 0x cgmo 2w6ep6e

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed,f0u 9- (,g nbn gwz95 ehvusyi*fgl-n0 relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flo n*g(wfn99g s5n0-yvubfu- gz lih0,ewing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what sh r44njbm5o. bpeed, relative to the shore, does it move in a riveb.4mnrj4ob5 h r that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relaidi. 92 wxa/oxtive to the shore, does it move in aa. woii/xxd29 river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary obt(n4 dz8rnt( bserver( 8t(ntnzdb r4 as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a ;z i /hepl9.llplanet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the l/eh.9p zl;liEarth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, aeuge nr( ydmn( 6) ss1)ejex9cl 0(lo,re initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When 0)gn ,6)c s oeumx r((leyd1s(en le9jAndrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip withtdtj( xg q u0v-..kw*q a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on tj *tx0(gqd . ktv.q-wuhe spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length? eb5 p8xxyz.j;20oddb:nmk 1l

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to ha*(c le os/s35)mbnwkm lf of its proper length (as obss3/5)oe (*mlkwcsn bmerved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spacesh:ma02d8xegm 7 + x wjve0b5ryqt /ld1kip travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what d:y127 mx/tdaq8evxb5ml we+ 0gkr j0 length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.3whki8jfj.;yxl d3e +t ;kha o12f 8wf:0 light years away. A spaceship with a constant sw+d 83jx8he1kh 2iwak: jfffto; y;. lpeed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4df;n;v t4 xssvakx( *3.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earthxvnss;4 ;v*kf tx3(da travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which iszc;51a9 q 1jmvkk* ogo2banz2ayb-a9 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. Ho21kz bz1 bmqcyaao9k2- vg;9n aa5jo*w much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c., rkc)yx- 5vjk What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of -0m)q nfzrfzjr.oogq9qm0 x tf 1*t09 a proton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goest9gcz5o) ,aey 30b+a eo n:lbm from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increasb0, mg:eo zea+c 9t3y5nb l)oae by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum inhc b2y y(uz 5:w)d3v7jpiro3m $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, anb8 yp iuc3tb5p6cj,z - element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be relidjoo3 4/ 3uodo- 9iqbeased if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactioniiu 3 -o/odq3d oo94bj?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy e ,j0z)x4q+f iusp8fb9 f3jjy zquivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 kil(i2 yiv ait2be g*oazx))g7h;+ veqe .led 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It r.)aqei72ex+ e)hgiozytga vb (v2i* ; eleased energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% ofw4bxm ,,uheu/4mtg t i+q n6:g its total energy. What is the speed of the protonthuiw/n e6uxq m4g4+m,gt:b, ?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. n 24ojgzr3b0yxglt4l3e u0 o9What is the momentum in 3 n03 zltbrujg2goxoy04 le49$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a rlcuj 1ej(qsm sk (+ t1.8krt2ceaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost du8b sa) 71gwcbxring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moqz) tcgtp+g3zuu+ 4gi*i+ je )ving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are - 8x.5axy;9+z eiwp07htab mfzf dszgej,h92 required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocitya dehxs zfi0hxz95f+ zp,jm;ew782.a tb9 g- y of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, rsf/s2 f j8ib4a9y 2qg$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By wht(czn7luaij b 6 f99 +tihq2e)at factor has its mass increased with a 7c zt+iuelbj(96)qfn9h it2respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the spx:rzo c v4e;wt) jd,0yeed of light from therxvc)wj;e 4,o:y0 tz d Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space atdltwzw/x an(81 a8-urf8 6mqu 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If tzua1m 68wl(8n-/fd rx8wa q uthe ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.dht4s pw2 9mv(80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relts249wdp( h mvative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.8;r78nch3-obfn ty) cahokx0,0c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired a- ) 7y8hc3tankb,;0ncoh xf roway from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Eart1yfle/zlh53 sz d ,nj.zy3 hg-h with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What 3yz-3z lf5dys,h.h/z eglj1 nis the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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