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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no wind9 b lfsdgr.xtcsr . 15k,+vap8ows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outsidegxva s5 8l .brf1ktrs .9cp,+d. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measgcb;4pc/ m t9d:er-li ure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their expw52t 4o p1vod7-csgsheriment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use c1+i cug/bmo),*seo a9 mjng: the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princ f8fn; 8hcz p4+a zp0a7sxob lxen;9:siple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unpr6ti:siikj2)iymq2 ya 3.l 5juovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special 2dqqt7* j3z aox ajc wo9m s7y7-ti+q3relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the ski4)2h4 *-rl 04dxq m4tigjmyx;rtlp pecial theory of relativity was that the laws o0 -4xtrm2 x4 4pmg* 4itlhrj)dkq yli;f physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special rela( : nnw3+zp za+tyc)y0aofs n+5j aa,jtivity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of speci/ : / xs //se0mzpu4emrvz5txpal relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from t+c y+;k+w 6eitbdc*ivhe Sun at a speed close to t;+kdt+i w by v6ic+ec*he speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, ofq.hz, ax;m-q0hmpmxq0m vs:jx; 4.a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined asa bb19id skx/g7.j 3dt 9unb1u $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship travelingom8 cp:ywd gc :+zk((a at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin th:c p:d (cyo+z g(kwam8at remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objecfm d:9a,ham 8 0nyjy,jt

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to)gq4y ;larv:r: ,+lxs.b xjifm(: ekv its length with a velocity that approaches the vel,(blrm;vij + x s4regy v:q)x:f.l:kaocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lengty9fazrmus99*;s ay/c n:sx8ah with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary obr s9n9/aazmu;y89fxa: yss *cserver,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle appr-;y8m73cr4ee hxrrht 6o 2vhnoaches the speed of light, the mass of the particyhec-or; 32ehrmt x h4n87v6r le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaczq0)ay4e 2wn ev5d:v+p ext(dhes the speed of light, the momentum of the particl a+t evq:()w4ez0d5pyvne x2de

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very hig6g0 ypdmx::c q 0hxv64:jxpqj h speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the mp j :v0m: xy0hj 6qx:xp4qcd6goving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kz8lp)g5 qtx a;n9w/b29siliainetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doutbaw)sl;nz a i98p i9/g l5x2qbles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a spe7 yri s*nao2(git)me9rt .q d,edy proton when its relativistic mass doublq t(i*gmts,2 )r .naeo79driyes?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle 7*jihonhuc 9j ))dhv 7of mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each travqd ptt7nykpo1 9e48h, 2ute0 geling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B iyh2edeqk80tu g4pt 7t1,9pnos approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the uy:z7ua3h.te86 luhn*4dshf observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, nyt284bx(2 jcg9bmdaka+- d v you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relatidnau5 +ufl) l6ve to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if theu+l a5n)6udlf boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relativeay72 y2ual6n,c0su6l dzf4mu 1o o5 tv to the shore, does it move647 tual6fc,v5ays zodl1n2u o u20ym in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Withhoi(y qm ,t:m( what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s :h,mom(iyqt( if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to65gv2x;.1 eu eq syldg be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its norma2;lux e1v6.es dg yq5gl rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop jouww j4k9+pm yugejp23/ rney to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a c 4 upe gw2+9k3y/wmjjplock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years 7z:8ie* kma kbh2k)g gold. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years7b*82g) mih:kkaz ek g old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c f) 1i*o/ tfe- rkwe(+ s;54jesdpnufsuor 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what i* ufkrju(d o+ sp)ess/ie1;54f-etwn s his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. Wh)cu5 7 xn:msgxat is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its prhx/y bup*,fsxwr3pw;s8 c48 ty+v5n moper length (as observpyyt8c3bxp/m8,+f * rsw5hxvn;s4wued by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spacesk/h vyj:n*t :f2k3/a 6bzlo 6 omzrs/vhip is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels bymhb2nzaoo3v/yzsk/t/ :lj:kv *rf6 6 you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaux:v+ lqkx0rzh:39zt izxk 9m:ri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to x :z k93l9x:z:rhizk m0+tx qvthe Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpk9g ij)g8epu k)l+ib,ha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed )ui )9b ig,8+kpjgkleof 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which jgf fv0.pu:0nis 4.30 light years away. 0 u0pf:gjn .fv A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mas guzei2cc;x 8,*i0 s9g1jvobas? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mas8q5i)8r a,qltepsq)mjtny.t ( 82grs s?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your xabg,b/xccp )3 y f7ey7g54xk;l 3l lsspaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incfpxbk;c 7slx,37gxy/c g l43 l )e5abyrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum ivyap. -f;nx/ mh7.zlr yt 5cs:n $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element loses w,m+c (v:5*g y aqa8tqsdcd)16kkorn $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of m ,q9bu/hq;xjg ilpeqq0yp 3;2aterial was lost during a reactione;qjqu/xi 0g3,9 hb;pqy q 2pl?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram o:- 7 oq)jy;rm6 r0jti(muzg agf mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was i2 jk21gc ,rkrdropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equij cik2rg2,k r1valent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. 8hs1pv/mrsrtir3p* +r sid;( e95 owp l35nlp What is the speed of thes d1t pp8rmws(io /h3rrip 5 35lern*; 9s+lvp proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its to39xv lpjc wccnk5z 60f-d1ne 2tal energy. What is the momentum3nkd5nw06e1c zf- 9xpcj cv l2 in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a rku*,+fgf6 lsteaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in 7qm0 vb;/xbk twhich $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving a: b3sr 71xtnx.oh pg4with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of en/trs20 ;l hk)stcbaw 7rlb6, iergy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocitywl7 ,ls)cti2brrh /sbk0t 6;a of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, jh v;d7/ k bsh)b93hto$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its ae+y ud:d(,7w p m77w kdp y*kun.7qjemass increase, nk(7+euy*dmw7:7 .jpaqpu7d w yekd d with respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun aqj 9;lz bnx knf/+j:m/fvo/:tt 0.95c. You measure the speed of light n9j/;nq/zovmtlf /:xj: fbk +from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relauf qg4krbro;/rsy2b.8+s4ki k 3u w1ytive to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly t.3is/k b28y;4urqo wb s yrf+1u4gkrk oward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast woudnal zqf+(v++fck,v3 ld light travel from the headlights of the ship relative t+ n(lzc dvf ak3++vf,qo a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80.c q)v 9 q+h55ytfffgtc. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to t) vhcq5q tff5y tg9f+.he spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves awau 5cjwp. d666lypzbm/ a)us3b y from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then firesa 6w.uul p63dbmpyb jc5s )z6/ a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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