Physics Unit31: Nuclear Energy and Radiation

?作业考试练习?通用国际物理?Physics Unit31: Nuclear Energy and Radiation

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习题练习：Physics Unit31: Nuclear Energy and Radiation

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答题人: 匿名未登录开始时间: 23年05月02日 09:09 切换到: 整卷模式

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

When a target nucleus is bombarded by an appropriate beam osw+r*xa70c ca5 8lefbf particles, it is possible to pro 5bcfxw c+e*7 8lsar0aduce

A. a less massive nucleus, but not a more massive one.

B. a more massive nucleus, but not a less massive one.

C. a nucleus with smaller atomic number, but not one with a greater atomic number.

D. a nucleus with greater atomic number, but not one with a smaller atomic number.

E. a nucleus with either greater or smaller atomic number.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The mass of a proton isru,me ywv4cw ;96)owkx in ,7t $1.6726 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$ and the mass of a neutron is $1.6749 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$. A proton captures a neutron forming a deuterium nucleus. One would expect the mass of this nucleus to be

A. equal to $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

B. less than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

C. greater than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

D. any of these; it depends on the energy released during the capture.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In a nuclear reaction, what value is conserved in ada,3i.n7i7b -tgik.rchoin i km9(/o idition to electric charge, energy, and m ihii i7 ont3,7ambk. ( 9.-oknr/cgiiomentum?

A. atomic number

B. neutron number

C. nucleon number

D. none of the given answers

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A proton strikes an oxygen-18 nucleus producing fluorine-1hstd *-3 gal.m8 and another particle. What other particle is produced by this nucle.t sh *l3dm-agar reaction?

A. a neutron

B. an $\alpha$ particle

C. an $b-$ particle

D. an $b+$ particle

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A nuclear reaction is said to be exothermicbrvp x756q2cw if the total kinetic energy is

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A nuclear reaction is said to be endothezw(j+qy j *h )c.xq2zyrmic if the total kinetic energy is

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The process during which a he ,5 bd69x*o 1teccddfpavy nucleus such as uranium splits into two intermediate-sized nuclei after being struck byf 5c,x1epctd6 do d*b9 a neutron is referred to as

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The process during which small nuclei combine to form larger ones nzo, wbu66 e:*,lxc dqdx5tmer57p 4 q is referred to am7 e*,4:5u6xzd n5pbedxwtc,o6lqrqs

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How does the total mass of the products of a nuclear fission ))t1pzaa )fbdc d*0e28odjot x: ,t r6zbu/ zqreaction compare to the mass of the origutdd/zd bt2 ba ce1z)xfr)a t):zoj80q 6*po,inal elements?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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10#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How does the mass of the products of a nuclear fusion reaction compare t wh v3k: eiy.zbp3t3*m+ 7aztto the mass of the original zw:hp ak3 i7.btmye zv3t3* t+elements?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

When light elements suc m27-2 nmcyrzyah:/crd6u :c bh as hydrogen undergo fusion,

A. there is a loss of mass.

B. there is an increase in mass.

C. there is no change in mass.

D. electric charge can be annihilated.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The fuel for nuclear fission idny i(q,zyu5 whxime: wn. 78162gf1i g;diiws

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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13#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The fuel for nuclearyys( l4b1mwl i+09qgf5 ijyv3 fusion in the center of the Sun is

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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14#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The energy radiated by a sw1frv: qsd;a2tar, such as the Sun, results from

A. beta decay.

B. alpha decay.

C. fission reactions.

D. fusion reactions.

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the source of the energy t,51jq ac;2ub2c qy*sjjfvshez 6e 7 +ot6ne4 yhe Sun radiates to us?

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the principle difference between a h:i)6bu utertk dptc.4 hvh .xjsl+yp- 6,s6a2ydrogen bomb and a uranium bomb?

A. A uranium bomb is an atomic bomb, and a hydrogen bomb is a nuclear bomb.

B. A uranium bomb utilizes a fission reaction whereas a hydrogen bomb utilizes a fusion reaction.

C. Both work on the same principle, but the hydrogen bomb has a higher yield.

D. A hydrogen bomb converts mass into energy, whereas a uranium bomb does not.

E. One results in radioactive fallout, and the other does not.

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17#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

One sometimes hears reference to*wssl d5xxb4(3 prxc0a-(nz(jkd+ c k a "20-kiloton" bomb. What does this mean?

A. It means 20,000 tons of nuclear explosive is used in the bomb.

B. It means that the number of "fissile" nuclei is equal to the number of trinitrotoluene molecules in 20,000 tons of TNT explosive.

C. It means that the total weight of the bomb (not just the uranium) is 20,000 tons.

D. It means that the energy released by the bomb is equal to the energy released when 20,000 tons of TNT is exploded.

E. This refers to the maximum pressure generated by the bomb when it explodes.

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the meaning of the term "critic8l0nag6f pyqq mqt.7zbjp-491z on;e al mass"?

A. This refers to the mass of the "critical" elements in a reactor, i.e., the uranium or plutonium.

B. This refers to the minimum amount of fissionable material required to sustain a chain reaction.

C. This is the amount of mass needed to make a power reactor economically feasible.

D. This is the material which is just on the verge of becoming radioactive.

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19#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A chain reaction can occ(,h fh- ;vnc7)dbbxx j 0cmpp k0gpv,6ur

A. in any uranium core.

B. when critical mass is reached.

C. in the center of the Sun.

D. when the coolant is too hot.

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20#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The chief hazard of radiation damage to lijdcg83 gdpu 4-(g9 ngyving cells is

A. due to ionization.

B. due to heating.

C. due to the creation of chemical impurities.

D. the creation of new isotopes within the body.

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21#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is necessary to stohrk tx6/6p5ex (d qgl4p beta particles?

A. air alone

B. paper

C. metal foil

D. thick metal

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22#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is created in pair produ +:jf pwnux2x,ction?

A. a proton and a positron

B. an electron and an antiproton

C. an electron and a positron

D. an electron and a photon

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23#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

All of the following are units used to describe radiation dosage in humansc*2 7k 2xlwkru except k c*xk22uw7lr

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24#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A unit that measures the effective dose o/s22ryqsej8 z f radiation in a human is the

A. curie.

B. RBE.

C. rad.

D. rem.

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25#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

When lead-207 (Z = 82) is bombardyu ;qdhw:c 4zv4 bi p..(vzdb5ed with neutrons, it can change into

A. lead-208.

B. lead-206.

C. tellurium-208 (Z = 81).

D. bismuth-208 (Z = 83).

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26#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In the fission react3t ow,h1 ylcm,ion $^{235}U \;+\; ^{1}n \rightarrow ^{141}Ba \;+\; ^{92}Kr \;+\; neutrons$, the number of neutrons produced is

A. zero.

B. 1.

C. 2.

D. 3.

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27#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reactimak.mm 63 ms 0ryfx+)fon: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^1_0 n \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. $^{12} C$

B. $^{13} C$

C. $^{14} C$

D. $^{15} C$

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28#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reac wkiteci 3h u0m,qsd+)t4;;;fjuua. ption: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{19}_{10} Ne$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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29#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reaction: 8w+7n4mpt pyye1z 8gu$^{38}_{19} K \;+\; ^1_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{38}_{20} Ca$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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30#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reacq+8f,m rewrkw o pzf x4le 8;g0u1k5;ltion: $^3_1 H \;+\; ^3_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. 2($^1 p$)

B. 2($^1 n$)

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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31#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reactions+muqde ykqy+1 ,)q w;1jlu s.: $^{27}_{13} Al (\alpha, n)$ produces

A. $^{28} P$

B. $^{29} P$

C. $^{30} P$

D. $^{31} P$

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32#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The Q value for a particular reaction is)q:7lfi j c)db -2.4 MeV, and the reaction's threshold energy is 9.60 MeV. What is the ratio of the mass of the incident particle to the mab:fcji ) d)q7lss of the stationary target nucleus?

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33#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Find the Q value of the following reacti9u vu)il7)id 84nuc4 ,oc3nv8 virqxskd;7 j aon: $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. -0.001279 u

B. -0.002179 u

C. -0.007219 u

D. -.0.009721 u

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34#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Find the Q value of the following 5brd cj1 fpof)bj704e reaction: $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. $1.191 \; MeV$

B. $-1.191 \; MeV$

C. $1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

D. $-1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

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35#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the Q value for the followv 7o66af )nyj46tkas8r/mvl zing reaction? $^{7} Li \;+\; ^1 p \rightarrow ^4 He \;+\; ^4 He$
The isotopic mass for $^7 Li$ is $7.016005 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1 p$ is $1.007825 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4 He$ is $4.002603 u$

A. $13.57 \; MeV$

B. $15.37 \; MeV$

C. $17.35 \; MeV$

D. $17.53 \; MeV$

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36#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the energy of reactio5he v67t-uzt pn of the process $^9_4 Be \;(\alpha, n)\; ^{12}_6 C$?

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37#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the energy released (positive) or absorbed (negative) in the fbok0s 9.0es,e 61xwsjn :yeyxollowing reactioswxk y y sn 9o1b:ex6j.0,0eesn? $^3 H \;+\; ^3 H = ^4 He \;+\; 2(^1 n)$
The isotopic mass for $^3H$ is 3.016049 u
The isotopic mass for $^4He$ is 4.002603 u
The isotopic mass for $^1n$ is 1.008665 u

A. $0.0122 \; MeV$

B. $-0.0122 \; MeV$

C. $11.3 \; MeV$

D. $-11.3\; MeV$

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38#

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An X-ray technician takes an uzw)qu. d(nvd-f q79p 1ot2 w83anpodaverage of ten X-rays per day and receives 2.5 mrad per X-ray. What is the total dose2o(8d3n1w 9n)q- ptqu avzp dofu.wd7 the technician receives in 250 working days?

A. $2.50 \; rem$

B. $5.00 \; rem$

C. $6.25 \; rem$

D. $7.75 \; rem$

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