Which of Newton's laws best explh;b12xv lvm5 lains why motorists should buckle-up?

  When you sit on a chair, the resultald opg8puq,9/ nt force on you is

  In the absence of an t3;kt/ h- go7zj fbpa1external force, a moving object will

  When the rocket engines on the starship NO-PAIN-NO-GAIN are suddenly turned off,p.*aiej+n6jbbn eopf9 ( 6wo)nj xw2 nq)+z* m while traveling inqn2ibjp.o9ne6*owj+6 nmnz e)a *p)w(+ jxb f empty space, the starship will

  A rocket moves through empty space in a straight line with constant(wk v;h;ze dks/ ;8ezl speed. It is f(vs/kh zl; e;zwek;d 8ar from the gravitational effect of any star or planet. Under these conditions, the force that must be applied to the rocket in order to sustain its motion is

  You are standing in a moving+f v 6p4rsysrk110lg l bus, facing forward, and you suddenly fall forward. +ryg0 kpv6rlf41ls1s You can imply from this that the bus's

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing fu)b9kp87, 98gescvku vbqxs 7orward, and you suddenly fall forward as the bus comes to an immediate stop. What force causu)xk78 e9,puvb97 gsck 8vqbs ed you to fall forward?

  A constant net force acts on an object. Describe the motio d( ;q3cawwjhf 2f2m2ju8yl7 yn of the object.

  The acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to-o 0h7vhy ic37q-s/bwpjw yl6

  A net force F acceleraq df, s7:za+zdtes a mass m with an acceleration a. If the same net force is applied to mass 2m, then the acceleration wil zd7fdq, :+azsl be

  A net force F acts on a mass m and produces an acceleration a. What accel3 cl;t35prm.x a x tgy7djv+eb /ux;x8eratiopl8; cxvrd.a /+ tuex5;jx33bxgty m7n results if a net force 2F acts on mass 4m?

  If you blow up a balloon, and then release it, thel l3i3mvq *v:u balloon will fly away. This is an i*:iv mll3v q3ullustration of

  Two cars collide head-on. At ever9 w/8n:-zluj kssjo(yck)6, ydpp z ,h37bojhy moment during the collision, the magnitude of the force the first car b),pcjsy3 7h :6hs(kj jp/9ku o,nzzol8dw-yexerts on the second is exactly equal to the magnitude of the force the second car exerts on the first. This is an example of

  If you exert a force F on an object, the force which the object efh-yl +a;v 5gxxerts on you wilg5f+ l ah-vy;xl

  Action-reaction forces i,1mpqoc8p1k

  Action-reaction forces ar(/efps/zdazjm:q u o; b2 87mresi e88/yhb4 ge

  A 20-ton truck collides with a 15 w;(tsz,(j;fxs* og;zkbr7i d00-lb car and causes a lot of damage to the car. Since a lot of damage is done on th tx ,sz; zb;kgrwo(7(;dijs f*e car

  An object of mass m sits on a flat table. The Earth pulls on this object wi- imw)fko7)vj; l9apjolb9 h )th force mg, which we will call the action force. What is the reabow9 )-p h j9i)f)okmllvja;7ction force?

  A child's toy is suspended from the ceiling by mean)lp mnajjocul77so5-l w:8l14p ria/ s of a string. The Earth pulls downward on the toy with its weight force of 8.0 Nlcn )pamao jl7pi8:u5l-ow4 l/7 j1sr. If this is the "action force," what is the "reaction force"?

  Your bat hits the ball pitcorv 6b bpns5;/hed to you with a 1500-N instantaneous force. The ball hits tnorbb 6 5;svp/he bat with an instantaneous force, whose magnitude is

State Newton's three zr-):wlgu y*, s 4sx-1kayfko laws.

  Mass and weight

  The acceleration due to gravite jghb.+l4 o,j* km8f8w mxqa1y is lower on the Moon than on Earth. Which of the fomg kqjw 8bjxo +48 fh1*,emal.llowing is true about the mass and weight of an astronaut on the Moon's surface, compared to Earth?

  An example of a force whichtyp-4nm2m sc*hagj 0r7 nl ohhb79u53 acts at a distance is

  Who has a greater weight to mass ratio, a person weighing 400 N or a pe2x qe/,xi*2ogiu1i vv(e r-hoqm8ig0rson weighinio1qe/qm,vxg-x 2r(20* ii euviohg 8 g 600 N?

  A stone is thrown straight up. At the top of its path, the net force actih iu, ,(3s/rv9uww q7-:dxzw y*ir uaeng on it iwurw, 7*e/irqhas:-(w3,vz9 u iy udxs

  A 20-N weight and a 5.0-N weight are dropped simultaneously +qvwt*von7w2 . al hq+from the same height. Ignore aiqvnw.h++a w 2v7*tol qr resistance. Compare their accelerations.

  A brick and a feather fall to the earth at thaks f-jat,/*j eir respective terminal velocities. Which object experiences the greater forcsjta kja-*, /fe of air friction?

  An object of mass m is hanging by adl64a;a; du wx string from the ceiling of an elevator. The elevator is moving up at constant speexd; l4dawua 6;d. What is the tension in the string?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string from the .l .gnr6:fwbhp2w- zpceiling of an elevator. The elevator is moving upward, but slowing down. What is the tension r hz62.p:lw-g p.nbwf in the string?

  The force that keeps you from slidinge:z kr ia)8c: fdf; *1upmd6yp on an icy sidewalk is

  It's more difficult to start moving a he.fm aps;+,bu qavy carton from rest than it is to keep pushing it with constant pq bm;usaf+,. velocity, because

  A horizontal force accelerates a box from rest across a horizontal surfadyi1, aa oo9 xuv3x2dzom,v u911p cm4ce (friction is present) at a constant rate. The experiment is repeated, and all conditions remain the same with the exception that the horizontal forv9mcu1z io d,mdayxv ,po12o1x 3a9u4 ce is doubled. What happens to the box's acceleration?

  A packing crate slides down an inclinbi7t-y2.e:h0 (rg f ewqbld 3*roucy3ed ramp at constant velocity. Thus we can deduce t (*yd b.erfhcw3 ry-0 2oi37leb tq:ughat

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless p4( r pdn;fvyoy4) 9shdj: b8bmlane inclined at an angle q with the horizontal. The normal reaction forcj(bn oymf vh)rs ;b9:8dp4dy4e exerted by the plane on the block is

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane inclined at an 2(16km.x 1 ipsvo7.7e4zjumz-eh tohq2 gv xeangle q with the horizontal. The normau7ehse-z21.v 6ix z v j2gxmpeqo 4mt1k(.ho7l reaction force exerted by the plane on the block is directed

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane inclined at an angle q wcr+y5rc .2vou ith the horizont5urvo rc.+2cyal. The gravitational force is directed

  Two toy cars (16 kg and 2.0 kg) are released simultaneously co3u tmuqc* :24qfqql *h5vk: on an inclined plane that makes an angle of 30e with the horizontal. Make a statement which best describes their accelera*5 qom *l v3uqcquqf: 2c:hk4ttion after being released.

  An object sits on a frictionless+;0 kj elo6uwr4 u(l-(spvw6qe x*aqe surface. A 16-N force is applied to the object uawe6 4rjeq6 u*xkl-qw (;s ve+p0lo(, and it accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What is the mass of the object?

  A sports car of mass 1000 kg can accelerate from rest to 27 m/s in 7.0 s. W2h*na 8 u 343int)p 0nxdm2fqpl vpj2what is the avera0 ln)ptm2p4wa*8npqj3vfuhd32 i2 nxge forward force on the car?

  Starting from rest, a 4.0-kg body reaches a speed of 8.o8h bb7g7hv 8o0 m/s in 2.0 s. What is the net force acting bov7g8h7o8bhon the body?

  An antitank weapon fires a 3.00-kg rocket which acquires a speed rqkep3a u q jig7y8ss)4bt50c l8(w7gof 50.0 m/s after tra(p l )baswicq78grs507 gu8 3jyketq4veling
90.0 cm down a launching tube. Assuming the rocket was accelerated uniformly, what is the average force acted on it?

  If you push a 4.0-kg mass with the same force that yourgh9z3hcfe7k:lh m1-vgc(3c 9 f-mw m push a 10-kg mass from rest,3czhw- 1lv9mf3mm k g fegrc(-h:9 ch7

  What is the mass of a person who weighs 110 lbl(i s,yb :2hno?

  What is the mass of an object that weighs 250 N on the surface of the Eartr+dp8zmdb29 l. v j)meh where the accmzjdvl8.m2)r+dbe p9eleration due to gravity is $9.80 \; m/s^2$?

  An object has a mass of 60 kgc gcbj 8.mfai*:zd,m:* 3z jfp on the Earth. What is the mass of the object on the surface of the Moon where the cf:,*ji*8ma fdpcbgz:.m jz3acceleration due to gravity is only 1/6 of that on the Earth?

  Object A weighs 40 N on Earth, and object B weighs 40 N on the Moon. The Moon')v.(-bly+hxcz j dur )s gravity is one sixth )(h rcby+uj-zxd.l v )of Earth's. Compare the masses of the objects.

  Sue and Sean are having a tug-of-war by pulling on opposizrbw, 2 )aw;7u ttcx b1yfw/n:te ends of a 5.0-kg rope. Sue pulls with a 15-N force. What is Sean's forxbrfu:wt;w1),cnw /z b7 ay t2ce if the rope accelerates toward Sue at $2.0 \; m/s^2$?

  A stack of books rests on a level frictionless surface. A force F acts on t0+mquqk -cxx: y+ef zo)qxcuz2rt79* he stack, and it accelera- oqxe:yt xk9+ufmqx+cq c)7z2z*0urtes at $3.0 \; m/s^2$. A 1.0 kg book is then added to the stack. The same force is applied, and now the stack accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What was the mass of the original stack?

  A person of weight 480 N stands on a scale in an elevator. -b3t7 pycbg+u pt*u5c te42yk What will the scale be reading when the elev key gt+4ut-b2p cct5y7u*p3bator is accelerating downward at $4.00 \; m/s^2$?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If the mass of the person is 2nve/i2vkrricfm7 attlv7 57*fd+:w60.0 kg and the elevtdvrf2i/ac7e lm: n wfkt75rivv2 7+*ator accelerates downward with an acceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If the mass of the k6zc6o :f0x+r2l n hdnperson is 60.0 kg and the elevator accelerates upward with an accx6n o:z d+f 6lnkch20releration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  Two horizontal forces act on acp l7)h o8ry v+e k(,ae3xl)rs 5.0-kg mass. One force has a magnitude of 8.0 N and is directed due north. The second force toward the east has a magnitude lco7 3e8v)(rr),pxylheka s +of 6.0 N. What is the acceleration of the mass?

  An object of mass 6000ytch 4g-d bdv4;0 v4ry kg rests on the flatbed of a truck. It is held in place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping dista htygd;0b4vcrv4 -dy4nce if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  An object of mass 6000 kg rests onw8s.thpu l )r8mi2z 3p the flatbed of a truck. It is held in place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 900 ppwru2l) 88 mihzt.s30 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping time if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  In the Atwood machine shownnq(w zv/oi+sla.z /a: in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg, what is the magnitude of the acceleration of the sz +(avsola.zi/ :qnw /ystem? (Ignore friction and the mass of the pulley.)

  In the Atwood machine shown qb23ug-fq:bsu)g r n(in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg, what is the tension in the string? (Ignore friction and the mass of the pulq(:g u2srbb3unqf) -gley.)

  A student pulls a box of books on a smooth horizontal floor with f7( zyal 8.9,sx7u68grzc;k jmnyhwja force of 100 N in a di,7cz ;y6lrxy w9m 7 n8h.f uag8kj(jzsrection of $37^{\circ}$ above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the acceleration of the box?

  A student pulls a box of books on a smog-3 mkd;ux6dpa*g;hgyax y c-,8z+kgoth horizontal floor with a force of 100 N in a direction of 37.0e above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and6k y*g-kya,az; xgmgcup h x d-+3;8dg the books is 40.0 kg, what is the normal force on the box?

  A traffic light of weight hit32c*ji4j 32bn5 henj6z zv 100 N is supported by two ropes as shown in Fig. 4-2. Wn iv2jtj3zh5jn43h e62bcz* ihat are the tensions in the ropes?

  In Fig. 4-2, if the tensions in the ropes are 50 N 1mrsu3oyqg-., what is the mass of the traffi3. - ugrs1yqmoc light?

  Two boxes of masses m and moc 44g xh myo4odh4xw8o5q4/ 2m are in contact with each other on a frictionless suyoo4x44oq4 dm5mh4o x h/8 cgwrface. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is the acceleration of the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in contact with each o:5 axj gw8iuw/ther on a frictionless surface. (See Fig. 4i/ wj5 :wagx8u-3.) What is the net force on the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by a rope. (See Fig. 4-4.) w9 au a903svch+td.j4* hjnjp If the forwadj+ a . p03c *j9a4vhnhsut9jwrd force on the more massive box is F, what is the tension in the connecting rope?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by * mrv)zhrqq)g (t3 e0wa rope. (See Fig. 4-4.) If the forward force on the more massive box iszh*) qmrq0w(3egt r) v F, what is the acceleration of the less massive box?

Two boxes are connected by a cord runnivlh-zp5h 3 ed2ng over a pulley as shown in Fig. 4-5. Box I of dl2v p-zh53hemass
8.0 kg rest on the top of the table; the coefficient of kinetic friction between box I and the table is 0.10. Box II has a mass of 15.0 kg.
(a) Draw the free-body diagrams for the two boxes, identifying all of the forces acting on each of the masses.
(b) Calculate the acceleration of the system.
(c) Calculate the tension in the cord.

  The coefficient of static and kinetic fric4mb.ygu * vlw+tions between a 3.0-kg box and a desk are 0.40 and 0.30, respectively. What is the net force on gvb uw. +lym*4the box when a 15 N horizontal force is applied to the box?

  The coefficients of static ap(gm e;rc6 y+ond kinetic frictions for plastic on wood are 0.50 and 0.+( ycmg6oe; rp40,
respectively. How much horizontal force would you need to apply to a 3.0 N plastic calculator to start it moving from rest?

  An object slides on a level surface in the +x direction. It slows and con8a:gwt rrf. ;)vdvwnl* nkq9h79jj+r:dbr7 mes to a stop f d j jb9lhw8rnrt n:*;r+d.kg9rawn)q:v77v with a constant acceleration of -$2.45 \; m/s^2$. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the object and the floor?

  A 10-kg box sitting on a horizontal surface is pulled by a3.ocw syv-b)9t,1c3 hlwun qf 5.0-N force. A 3.0-N friction force retards the motion. Wcwb t3,y9owv)fu1.l 3q sn -hchat is the acceleration of the object?

  A horizontal force of 5.0 Ny b2r mj4 n8z45gv6qtv accelerates a 4.0-kg mass, from rest, at a rate of $0.50 \; m/s^2$ in the positive direction. What friction force acts on the mass?

  During a hockey game, a puck is given an initial spefr 1j,v ,; thkpteg((ued of 10 m/s. It slides 50 m on the ice before it stops.p ut e,(,;gvtk j1frh( What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the puck and the ice?

  During the investigation of a traffi+lwz2 )m cg-leixsu 03c accident, police find skid marks 90.0 m long. They determine the coefficient of friction between the car's tires and the roadway to be clu0 egmz2+3) ixlws-0.500 for the prevailing conditions. Estimate the speed of the car when the brakes were applied.

  Two boxes of masses m and e7sp2+(vu sqftrm.9l 3m are stacked. (See Fig. 4-6.) The surface between the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the static friction fuv972eq( t.pfs+ mlrs orce on the less massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stacked. (5j k/gbyy6s+ jtq.tqjos, :; aSee Fig. 4-6.) The surface between the more massive box and the horizontal suq j tj.y;sy,kjob :gq/as5+6trface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the coefficient of static friction between the boxes?

  An object is on a frictionless inclined plane. The plane is inckslk4 da+ ;5 .q-97r0mweedjlcwrq 8alined at an angle o ;k5e0q dcw8wqs+-mjd9a klr.a7 lre 4f $30^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. What is the object's acceleration?

  A 10-kg mass slides down a flat hill tha:wavw: /mc3 awt makes an angle of $10^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. If friction is negligible, what is the resultant force on the sled?

  A mass is placed on a smooth wotf lg,ge -6-vp; grc2v26 vyinclined plane with an angle of $37^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. If the inclined plane is 5.0-m long, how long does it take for the mass to reach the bottom of the inclined plane after it is released from rest?

A block lies on a smooth inclined plane tilted at an angr2:o.3w8of-blv r ee sle of $35^{\circ}$ to the horizontal.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the block.
(b) Determine the block's acceleration as it slides down the inclined plane.
(c) If the block started from rest 8.5 m up the incline from its base, determine the block's speed when it reaches the bottom of the incline.
(d) How long did it take the block to reach the bottom of the inclined plane?

  A wooden block slides directly down an inclined playmq8k wr8o-h /ne, at a constant velocity of 6.0 /h8myr8qk wo-m/s.
What is the coefficient of kinetic friction, if the plane makes an angle of $25^{\circ}$ with the horizontal?

  An object with a mass m slides down a rd epr,u9nt9jk) vj x0*ough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. What is the acceleration of the object?

  An object with a masses/b 9v9y,y 6nop1e yks/6ne m m slides down a rough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. If the plane is 10 m long and the mass starts from rest, what will be its speed at the bottom of the plane?

  A bulldozer drags a log weighing 5004: lo0 dev br:i8kdgz /a*e-sb N along a rough surface. The cable attached to the log m*broi/40sv8dk:b: d geze- laakes an angle of $30.0^{\circ}$ with the ground. The coefficient of static friction between the log and the ground is 0.500. What minimum tension is required in the cable in order for the log to begin to move?

A 25.0-kg box is released from rest on a rough incln/pcpi2 3+a rqd8:lxbined plane tilted at an angle obaql/dc+n 823x:p ipr f $33.5^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.200.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the box.
(b) Determine the force of kinetic friction acting on the box.
(c) Determine the acceleration of the box as it slides down the inclined plane.

  An object is placed on an inclined plane. The angle of incline is gradualjgqx )pkz-4x9ly increased until the object begins to slide. The angle at which this occurs is q. What is the coefficient ox xq-pk)g 9j4zf static friction between the object and the plane?