Which of Newton's laws best explains wh/e q:i uu/cdxd7in1gq 36z;djy motorists should buckle-up?

  When you sit on a chair, the resultant fld 9u42bt twg f:p ve-5zsn-+force on you is

  In the absence of an exterod;(83a;kle -/h -jh do psknunal force, a moving object will

  When the rocket engijpsyf2 d 4)s9tnes on the starship NO-PAIN-NO-GAIN are suddenly turned off, while trjy) f 9ps42sdtaveling in empty space, the starship will

  A rocket moves through ems/g:o:c k2 oky v8g*wopty space in a straight line with constant speed. It is far from the gravitational effect of any star or planet. Under these conditionsgk*ko/cw2oso: y g: v8, the force that must be applied to the rocket in order to sustain its motion is

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing /2li x 0mm0vvpixa2/l forward, and you suddenly fall forward. You can imply from this th v2la/v/x l00ipxmm2iat the bus's

  You are standing in a moving bus, y-nmj-6q8 )nmw8ur bzfacing forward, and you suddenly fall forward as the bus comes to an immediate)-68mu wy- n8zqnbrjm stop. What force caused you to fall forward?

  A constant net force acts on an object. Describe the motion of the obje:nl 0v/j90ry wilk cn7ovq grw42q8 v4ct.

  The acceleration of an object is inversely pro*x-ac/9r1kf+wu 2dn l nen dl 6alej1.portional to

  A net force F accelerates a mass m with an accelera;xlc8:yg+ ljation a. If the same net force is applied to mass 2m, then txj ;l+ay8g:l che acceleration will be

  A net force F acts on a mass m and proovy73c7bx 2fitd 1a) 8cwebk-duces an acceleration a. What acceleration results if a net f7be7-x2wf1 )cd3acot8y vbkiorce 2F acts on mass 4m?

  If you blow up a balloon, and then release it, :)ctg(jd*xfm the balloon will fly away. This is an illustration ocg :*d)xjtfm( f

  Two cars collide head-on. At eveh 3bla*og.uw 8kc1-b-7osoro ry moment during the collision, the magnitude of the force the first car exerts on the o3 8-rg bbshwk .a1-cuo7*oolsecond is exactly equal to the magnitude of the force the second car exerts on the first. This is an example of

  If you exert a force F on an object, the force which the object exertvw,7ua5pb -hus on you wi,vau 7hb wup5-ll

  Action-reaction force+ * ,:qomotknz;yz8 yqsrs+ t(df5 y4,y nbjd)s

  Action-reaction forces 1b1 agmq . 5caif7nmyum,c7t: are

  A 20-ton truck collides with a 1500-jh*fw6b u;ek.h3(m i vlb car and causes a lot of damage to the car. Since a lot of damage is do;6 ijv3u(bfhwm e*hk.ne on the car

  An object of mass m sits on a flat table. The Earth pulls on this objectuz7yftkdwd( 5 i 9*orsj9,/ dt with force mg, which we*d/r, kwud5jd9fot9( 7z tiys will call the action force. What is the reaction force?

  A child's toy is suspended from the ceiling by meansf t;z 0if-qze0 of a string. The Earth pulls downward on the toy with its weight force of 8.0 N. If this is the "action force," what is the "reacttq zfe;z0f- 0iion force"?

  Your bat hits the ball pitched to you with a 1500-N instan4,3m4n6 t fd3acqap gu+xluq,rqx 0;ctaneous force. The ball hits the bat with an instantane3,r+4nacpgl dm xcxf 4u6 0qut;q3,qaous force, whose magnitude is

State Newton's three l- ux87wjfz8:ee v. yjlaws.

  Mass and weight

  The acceleration due to gravity is lower on the Moon than on Earth. Whi m(+lyaltc+ ;3 1z qg 1qqxp4yxgh:k8dch of the following is true about the mass and weight of an astronaut on tlx;gqgyqx+y8t z: k l14p+1mc( d3ahqhe Moon's surface, compared to Earth?

  An example of a force which acts at a distakwmu1hypg1yw034*iod h*c 9qnce is

  Who has a greater weight to mass ratio, a person f nbt/a*r68xaweighing 400 N or a person weiga/fbx6n*ar 8thing 600 N?

  A stone is thrown straighty(, zxuoo4b f: up. At the top of its path, the net force acting on it y bz4uoo(f:x,is

  A 20-N weight and a 5.0-N we+h /l3oyxumkbig- 8 3night are dropped simultaneously from the same height. Ignore air resistance. Com iloyg -n8x+b3u/mhk3pare their accelerations.

  A brick and a feather fall tzm.e,vvz) (c 4n,uzdno the earth at their respective terminal velocities. Which objec u.4ec,n,v(vzn zd)mzt experiences the greater force of air friction?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string from the 0vcp41i. xsbtcr4i5xxr q 91yceiling of an elevator. The elevator is moving up at constant speed. What is the tension it105r 4iixvxrsypx 4qc1.c 9bn the string?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a 5 pckcsf3bj63 string from the ceiling of an elevator. The elevator is moving upward, but slowing downjp 6 c3k5fb3sc. What is the tension in the string?

  The force that keeps you from sliding on an icy sivjm3l wt7q7 2udewalk is

  It's more difficult to start;,+nczoerkix s. 8o6o 8 1safu moving a heavy carton from rest than it is to keep puoc+ s8 6na,8z usko e1;irxof.shing it with constant velocity, because

  A horizontal force accelerates a box from rest across a horizontal surface (frim ; (frrtgh+o-jd+i1rction is present) at a constant rate. The experiment is repeated, and all conditions remain the same with the exception that the horizontal force is doubled. What happens(mo rdtf -1irg+ +j;hr to the box's acceleration?

  A packing crate slides down an inclined ramp at constantt: bt53 fmj;j;sk0sqh velocity. Thus we can deduce tha t:;stb k3qjm;jfsh50t

  A block of mass M slides down a frict(dflo0x1 m5zo ionless plane inclined at an angle q with the horizontal. The normal reaction f(5fodo zm0x1lorce exerted by the plane on the block is

  A block of mass M slides down a .z0-0una vzhwfrictionless plane inclined at an angle q with the horizontal. The normal reaction force exerted by the plane on the block is direct v00hzna.- wuzed

  A block of mass M slides d:j/c9.hd6mc)bam gxxl6 u s2rown a frictionless plane inclined at an angle q with thmu)bcsg62 ja./l dmr: hx9cx6e horizontal. The gravitational force is directed

  Two toy cars (16 kg and 2.0 kg) are released simultaneouslyj yg3tln8 6qkhnu/ube 9(eh* . on an inclined plane that makes an angle of 30e with the horizontal. Make a statement which best describes their acceleratio /8q3hy*u6k.gtnenlu9b e hj(n after being released.

  An object sits on a achk+ci8ke8 6frictionless surface. A 16-N force is applied to the object, and ite 8+ ak6hkic8c accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What is the mass of the object?

  A sports car of mass 1000 kg can accelerate from rest to 27 m wan./my nv16zx 1d ajeroa707/s in 7.0 s. What is the average forward froj x1v7z.7mwy / e6aa0a nd1norce on the car?

  Starting from rest, a 4.0-xjrtp:tqyy 0k,q 92q 0kg body reaches a speed of 8.0 m/s in 2.0 s. What is the net force acting0 0:9kq xyttjqry ,2qp on the body?

  An antitank weapon fires a 3.00-kgzu,l u kmyhe2s+34x9iql 2o/ en)e; cg rocket which acquires a speed of 50.0 m/s after t+mc h2eu4g29 3e s/zkuo qyxe,i ;lnl)raveling
90.0 cm down a launching tube. Assuming the rocket was accelerated uniformly, what is the average force acted on it?

  If you push a 4.0-kg mass with the same force thatjohpktv 2f;g4 +d0a* w7rs;kp you push a 10-kg mass from resposf; dakhjt +r;*4wk7g 20v pt,

  What is the mass of a person whoq p p 9ec2-wz +v5v/pdqmo7r1l weighs 110 lb?

  What is the mass of an object that weighs 250 fvn h 0hs9gvymjp(y d76s..3m N on the surface of the Earth where the ach0j ..6mvsynv7( fmdgp9sh y 3celeration due to gravity is $9.80 \; m/s^2$?

  An object has a mass of 60 kg on the Earth. What is jzn;*uad ru2* the mass of the object on the surface of the Moon where the acceleration due to grd;rz2ua* uj n*avity is only 1/6 of that on the Earth?

  Object A weighs 40 N on Earth, and objecth)j1 a8cm6o1f 6ad huc B weighs 40 N on the Moon. The Moon's gravity is one sixth of Earth's. Compare the masses of tha mj f61c1)udch8ha6oe objects.

  Sue and Sean are hav-yw aw)7rd3 )9+cawm rpkc/wming a tug-of-war by pulling on opposite ends of a 5.0-kg rope. Sue pulls with3a7ca-yw +)c r) k/mmw9wp wdr a 15-N force. What is Sean's force if the rope accelerates toward Sue at $2.0 \; m/s^2$?

  A stack of books rests on a level frictionless surface. A force F acts on wzq)d7v* us8 ni4j1(o/ld *xrthlmv+ the stack, and it acc4ui l+1tdh8olxd)nmvrz7q* s (j* w/velerates at $3.0 \; m/s^2$. A 1.0 kg book is then added to the stack. The same force is applied, and now the stack accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What was the mass of the original stack?

  A person of weight 480 N stands on a scale inclfk c qke53+k7r- /rh an elevator. What will the scale be reakec-klkcr+ / rh 3q5f7ding when the elevator is accelerating downward at $4.00 \; m/s^2$?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If the mass of the perso+ wc98h,ueydan is 60.0 kg and the elevator accelerates downward with an accelerationa9c8ywde u +h, of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  A person on a scale rides iipd3m;.nlb1me +c x;r n an elevator. If the mass of the person is 60.0 kg and the elevator accelerates upward withlx+.;mcire m3bdp 1n; an acceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  Two horizontal forces act on a 5.0-kg massu;yq:9m biwm*u(* h.cs/hqv e. One force has a magnitude of 8.0 N and is directed due north. The second forc(iu. bhhv*y ; *qsweqmu9 /c:me toward the east has a magnitude of 6.0 N. What is the acceleration of the mass?

  An object of mass 6000 kg rests on the flatbed of a truck. It is held in place + pp;gawmwt; o14sgpf1:a0i f by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping distance if the load is not to slide forward int 4w g11pwot;g+imfa;:af 0 sppo the cab?

  An object of mass 6000 kg rests o+ d fwq r/64h)f,qyoocn the flatbed of a truck. It is held in place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 rh 6y dw4 ofc)qq+,fo/N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping time if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg, whaf6o nxqsn397 b(,t*t)bexbf tt is the magnitude of the acceleration of the system? (Ignorb xt*3(nbn9eft7ob t) 6sxf, qe friction and the mass of the pulley.)

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, if M = lz6yc-j32mhx ;ih 4dq hj(k7 o0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg, what is the tension in the string? 2 h(m7 4ko-jc hz6djhy xiq;l3(Ignore friction and the mass of the pulley.)

  A student pulls a box of books on a smooth horizontal floor with act( j, spvw2,q force of 100 N in a directi(cq2 ,,jtpw vson of $37^{\circ}$ above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the acceleration of the box?

  A student pulls a box of books on a smooth horizontal floor b99zi2hdk8. t r fip)1zb4h pe6g tt.bwith a force of 100 N in a direction of 37.0e above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is fiebt 9ip6b.98 .t4h rkg2z1bhd tp) zthe normal force on the box?

  A traffic light of weight 100 N is subs6hm q yc1 1o3e,tlc*pported by two ropes as shown in Fig. 4-2. What16qc1 sl3c mtbe oy*,h are the tensions in the ropes?

  In Fig. 4-2, if the tenwduinft682 dt953be /qe2m 4+yldm dnsions in the ropes are 50 N, what is the mass of the traffic ligh/ldy9wi+ 6u5m f232t qn4em de8dbdn tt?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in contact with eam 4+1i-gha(yr)9w aws jtjn )sch other on a frictionless surface. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is the acceleration of thet9jw-j g r(h)asa1n4wmys i+ ) more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in contact with each other on a frictionless 7,wuflfq 6nmdx:*l)3rzf-3ecdh vk ( surface. (cduq v-mf3nk(edlf z:x3 6w7h,r*) lfSee Fig. 4-3.) What is the net force on the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connecf7s9i)prl5aje (; f,kae tr+ nted by a rope. (See Fig. 4-4.) If the forward force on the more k r , t rfspf7nalja;9e)i+e5(massive box is F, what is the tension in the connecting rope?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by a rope. (See Fig. 4-4.) If.g4ntw y2tve)ve6zmu j:-0 hxy wn4r( the forward force on the more massive box is F, what is the acceleration of the l ne6nxwum0t 2jve.4:-)w gz(yr yvh4tess massive box?

Two boxes are connected by a cord running over a pulley as shown in Figsob a +*ymzfi /n(cy6:. 4-5. Box Im6osc:b( +nyay/fiz * of mass
8.0 kg rest on the top of the table; the coefficient of kinetic friction between box I and the table is 0.10. Box II has a mass of 15.0 kg.
(a) Draw the free-body diagrams for the two boxes, identifying all of the forces acting on each of the masses.
(b) Calculate the acceleration of the system.
(c) Calculate the tension in the cord.

  The coefficient of static and kinetic frictions between a 3.0-kg box and a desks,,m ketgz- m(2mva ,i are 0.40 and 0.30, respectively. What i,svt,gka z(2emimm,- s the net force on the box when a 15 N horizontal force is applied to the box?

  The coefficients of static w,+z f daedn7kxg 25*o0,tkwrand kinetic frictions for plastic on wood are 0.50 and 0z nfk5d t0 wwko r+*gxd2,7,ae.40,
respectively. How much horizontal force would you need to apply to a 3.0 N plastic calculator to start it moving from rest?

  An object slides on a level surface in the +x direction. It slows and comph34/bq uv w40d/6 mvsk4lnqees to a stop with a constant p/sl0hn4v36 d4 eqwbk/ muqv 4acceleration of -$2.45 \; m/s^2$. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the object and the floor?

  A 10-kg box sitting on a horizontal surfc klmnf,g5:lz2-.ux s ace is pulled by a 5.0-N force. A 3.0-N friction force retards the motion. What is the acceleratxlcsm,g:n 2kz.-fu5l ion of the object?

  A horizontal force of 5.0 N accelerates a 4.0-kg mass, fromow iq6wb3y9 q5 rest, at a rate of $0.50 \; m/s^2$ in the positive direction. What friction force acts on the mass?

  During a hockey game, a puck ij bepht/8 y5;js given an initial speed of 10 m/s. It slides 50 m on the ice before it stops. What is e/yb;p th j58jthe coefficient of kinetic friction between the puck and the ice?

  During the investigation of a traffic accident, policej(amtr0xylpljc 8ol0(/t jd2ul.+ k / find skid marks 90.0 m long. They determine the coefficient.( l0 /llkj 8mp(x20 +tau rdjltcoy/j of friction between the car's tires and the roadway to be 0.500 for the prevailing conditions. Estimate the speed of the car when the brakes were applied.

  Two boxes of masses m and grkz*qba pc63v3ubv7q-l a ;9 3m are stacked. (See Fig. 4-6.) The surface between the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massivaqv ck v*p9rq63buz-gl 37b a;e box, what is the static friction force on the less massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stacked. (See Fig. 4-6/7lbe.xbzct./ j qm 5v.) The surface between the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is v m.7/xzbb/clqtej.5 the coefficient of static friction between the boxes?

  An object is on a frictionless inclined plane. The plane is inclined at an a ecehgdd0 xis*228 t+zvqo 39angle q3*ca ds zhee9i 28+t vgdxo02of $30^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. What is the object's acceleration?

  A 10-kg mass slides 0g3g hfum4d* ,sg,iiadown a flat hill that makes an angle of $10^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. If friction is negligible, what is the resultant force on the sled?

  A mass is placed on a smooth incline a8de+nvdo f2(d plane with an angle of $37^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. If the inclined plane is 5.0-m long, how long does it take for the mass to reach the bottom of the inclined plane after it is released from rest?

A block lies on a smooth inclined plane tilted at 5:o9chr do(sx an angle of $35^{\circ}$ to the horizontal.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the block.
(b) Determine the block's acceleration as it slides down the inclined plane.
(c) If the block started from rest 8.5 m up the incline from its base, determine the block's speed when it reaches the bottom of the incline.
(d) How long did it take the block to reach the bottom of the inclined plane?

  A wooden block slides directly down an inc.f)px/l./6hiie ri0yfss h) f lined plane, at a constant velocity of 6.0 m/s. flf/ ii/yhr s.)i)es6pf0hx.
What is the coefficient of kinetic friction, if the plane makes an angle of $25^{\circ}$ with the horizontal?

  An object with a mass m slides down a rough fof8y,d2en4b: srg12kg)fq 8s ukl-x$37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. What is the acceleration of the object?

  An object with a mass m slides down a roug j btq,aoffe9/s4t,/ dh $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. If the plane is 10 m long and the mass starts from rest, what will be its speed at the bottom of the plane?

  A bulldozer drags a log weighing 5e/z7l-5vx vl;yl,b gy00 N along a rough surface. The cable attached to the l-gyxvl;z v y5,b7/ellog makes an angle of $30.0^{\circ}$ with the ground. The coefficient of static friction between the log and the ground is 0.500. What minimum tension is required in the cable in order for the log to begin to move?

A 25.0-kg box is released from rest on a rough inclimoxd/v7d :clam;( pz 0ned plane tilted at an angle oflxdpd:zm/c m7; o(a0v $33.5^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.200.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the box.
(b) Determine the force of kinetic friction acting on the box.
(c) Determine the acceleration of the box as it slides down the inclined plane.

  An object is placed on an inclined plane. Thq5-h anos*+rp 6pt)lue angle of incline is gradually increased ul5)rao+p*u-s6 h pqtnntil the object begins to slide. The angle at which this occurs is q. What is the coefficient of static friction between the object and the plane?