Which of Newton's laws best explains why motorists should bue0sm/:tnrnxbeq)ip,q(/ 2 j u ckle-up?

  When you sit on a chair, the resultant force on y2mtv;pp ox8 5qh .cmj4ou is

  In the absence of an external force, /lx5hsy4,9q:a4p):la mzdz g 9dtivw a moving object will

  When the rocket engines on the starship NO-PAIN-NO-GAIN are suddenly tu a*8dwg--js s i*f.5k22kohxcmlbf 0jrned off, while trave s*wi2 m fgk a.sdj5 jlf-8x0kc-o2hb*ling in empty space, the starship will

  A rocket moves through empty space in z obr m (v;gl,-9x)wnca straight line with constant speed. It is far from the gravitational effect of any star or planet. Under these conditions, the forc9xg;r,c(n-w mvz lb)o e that must be applied to the rocket in order to sustain its motion is

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing fow ,2f z mk6-jnpqiz hf;:(wtl9 +y8ob7t3 keqerward, and you suddenly fall forward. You can imply from this the6pqw7 +klfwf 8 e-3; i9mo(jz: btqnz 2kt,yhat the bus's

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing forward, and you suddenly fallsmh 7tm0p+( (i u4vgal forward as the bus comes to an immediate stop. What force caused you to falmmh4(lu(70si + gatpvl forward?

  A constant net force acts on an object. Describe the motion of th:g :(vp3gcvj67 nfsug4 -l1cb5i gnede object.

  The acceleration of an object is inversely propor a /t0rkev bz2f94d3 3j-xcxf*1veehytional to

  A net force F accelerate;h*ximlpmz6 zek00+joyi x 5u 5 t)o+ks a mass m with an acceleration a. If the same net force is applied t* 0+l5iezm u ko5mpk+zi0t ojyx x;h)6o mass 2m, then the acceleration will be

  A net force F acts on a mass m and produces an accele2u yk5c1 a,rajqn-*h-uso e3lration a. What acceleration results if a h jk 1u-ys5co3eran*q2- ual, net force 2F acts on mass 4m?

  If you blow up a balloon, and then release it, the balloon will fly away. Thd 6.zq4w9*iy mch3a gkis is an amcwgd 4qyh36ki*9z .illustration of

  Two cars collide head-on. At every moment d+peq8vttm-:1,uj;ket w re v 9uring the collision, the magnitude of the force the first car exerts on the second is exactly equal to theej e,t mu-t9t;+v8p wvr1e:kq magnitude of the force the second car exerts on the first. This is an example of

  If you exert a force F on an objectrvox/c m ig a(r9x nlx6ad-,.2, the force which the object exerts on you willx /rcago,6d(x.9v2 ixa r- lmn

  Action-reaction forces5 ks.fbn;zxsi wlr6m .a+(1s d

  Action-reaction forc3 g hnd +z ouj7(2gyhlmc+g*nn8l;j (b4elu0i es are

  A 20-ton truck collides with a 1500-lb car and causes a l-d( twoyow3y2*r 9tz got of damage to the car. Si9*y-2dyo( wrowgz3 t tnce a lot of damage is done on the car

  An object of mass m sits on a fozr1f le5vm(zq* .5mulat table. The Earth pulls on this object with force mg, which we will call the action force. What is the reactevqm.5rz1 f5*lm o( uzion force?

  A child's toy is suspended from the ceilin2u.;ulvm (xntg by means of a string. The Earth pulls downward on the toy with its weight force of 8.0 N. .ul(um vn;tx 2If this is the "action force," what is the "reaction force"?

  Your bat hits the ball pitched to you wiie*f(l*6h:g mf3 ddo qth a 1500-N instantaneous force. The ball hits the bat with an instantaneous force, whl(hqeg3 fod f*6idm*:ose magnitude is

State Newton's three uj 3+lmdxc27 mimu8m: laws.

  Mass and weight

  The acceleration due to gravity is lower on qysw s3a1g/9/c o6picthe Moon than on Earth. Which of the following issw 6ccya9 /oq3/p1g is true about the mass and weight of an astronaut on the Moon's surface, compared to Earth?

  An example of a force which acts at a dsi;w3 rybd2rr ycz 0,0istance is

  Who has a greater weight to mass ratio, a person weighing 400 N or y7e w*9vt5ulr a person weig*ry 9v lewt5u7hing 600 N?

  A stone is thrown straight up. At t-bjioo :fur uc-e9,egcq0nk;-8 x:cvtw 6a5ehe top of its path, the net force acting on i -guwck -8,:oeuv50reb -i69jxcfan ecto:;q t is

  A 20-N weight and a 5.0-N weight are drnr5h v1be 27a( )bknp5w5hius opped simultaneously from the same height. Ignore air resistance. Compare their ui55sk5 p1( v)w brnh7eba2hnaccelerations.

  A brick and a feather fall to the earth at thx vrv.e;aihn/ 1cnianl: :l +:w4te 4zeir respective terminal velocities. Which objecei ian/av.zh1 l:t:+cw; n rv4e: 4xlnt experiences the greater force of air friction?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string from the ceilizapx*k gm(ra, 2v, 9bmng of an elevator. The elevator is mox2zkr,mpva (m ,9*gab ving up at constant speed. What is the tension in the string?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string from the ceiling of an elevator. Thy 9cbldt h dam q:i3gt.-c9 3k:;n9nsie elevator is moving upward, but slowing down:q9 ;gk.can hct-y 9 ditbdimns93:l 3. What is the tension in the string?

  The force that keeps you from sliding on an icy sidewa90o j2m:spbe flk is

  It's more difficult to start moving a heavy carton fpimy+l 6bl 3f80d6t,*pht bberom rest than it is to keep pushing it wit0p b6bbtpymd,eh3i l +f86*lth constant velocity, because

  A horizontal force accelerates a box from rest across a horizontal surface (fcn0i3yrp4j 87o gss 1rq:db, iriction is pres d iyrs3 i,c10n grojqs4pb87:ent) at a constant rate. The experiment is repeated, and all conditions remain the same with the exception that the horizontal force is doubled. What happens to the box's acceleration?

  A packing crate slides down an inclined ra-v r gso104h 0xyxh0lvc f63oxmp at constant velocity. Thus we can de40 o xhlg0v6x 01h3ysvorxcf-duce that

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane inclined at an ab- :df8:iv-mx,jiwc+jdae +3;cst n3qf ib5rngle q with the horizontal. The normal reaction force exe-v nj ejtd383,:-wbii qxr cmdfcias+:+;5fb rted by the plane on the block is

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane inclined 0.gyoz fu)0vkat an angle q with the horizzugoy)0k f0 .vontal. The normal reaction force exerted by the plane on the block is directed

  A block of mass M slides down a fri.avfcgfttg77) q b-:x 4*aqvj ctionless plane inclined at an angle q with the horizontal. T gtf4vbq7vq c: t xfa*-)g7a.jhe gravitational force is directed

  Two toy cars (16 kg and 2.0 kg) are released simultaneously on an inclinek.02)sdmj9 mz b*9r.tobfdwc d planezcsm9dkrt..)mb2bjd90o w *f that makes an angle of 30e with the horizontal. Make a statement which best describes their acceleration after being released.

  An object sits on a frictionless surfas09 i2s4dmw k5ydw5 twce. A 16-N force is applied to the object, and it acceleray4wt d5592 ww sdsi0mktes at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What is the mass of the object?

  A sports car of mass 1000 kg can acceleratc)06/ 7l-ox uq bkeuode from rest to 27 m/s in 7.0 s. What is the average forwarce-q/b7o)k u6du x0lod force on the car?

  Starting from rest, a 4.0-kg bodjyd-lfx d p588y reaches a speed of 8.0 m/s in 2.0 s. What is the 5dlp-xj88 fdy net force acting on the body?

  An antitank weapon fires a 3.00-kg rocket which acquires a speed ofr i6hzt30 g(fo 50.0 m/s after travt 3 igzo(6h0freling
90.0 cm down a launching tube. Assuming the rocket was accelerated uniformly, what is the average force acted on it?

  If you push a 4.0-kg mass with l0hn;c2lw;f n the same force that you push a 10-kg mass from restn;lfc02l n;w h,

  What is the mass of a person who weighs 110 l/1ts t 0jbr h.a:k m8yi/e7a joh)tf0bb?

  What is the mass of an object that weighs 250 N on the surface of th d0rg5 xdtd ,h35bh7rie Earth where the ac i5d, brrh570dhg 3xtdceleration due to gravity is $9.80 \; m/s^2$?

  An object has a mass of 60 kg on the Earth. What is the mass of thevpiulita+3 k 6o1* (kh object on the surface of the Moon where the acceleration duu h 3lkp1+*t6via(ioke to gravity is only 1/6 of that on the Earth?

  Object A weighs 40 N on Earth, and object B werk( zh3xy cga9/unj10)uz1 e uighs 40 N on the Moon. The Moon's gravity is one sixth of Earth's. Compare the masses of the objects.ujcgy z r3enz9ka u u)(/101xh

  Sue and Sean are having a tug-of-war by pulling on o4e)xvwc h9.kn+ 5azpzpposite ends of a 5.0-kg rope. Sue pullsazc4hwpvz5) n. x k+9e with a 15-N force. What is Sean's force if the rope accelerates toward Sue at $2.0 \; m/s^2$?

  A stack of books rests on a level frictionless surface. A force F acts ons4c*vy/irfaz fxg(2 25jc xw0njce2 ) the stack2v 22fcr )4yi5a j(fxcgcwe /n*jzx s0, and it accelerates at $3.0 \; m/s^2$. A 1.0 kg book is then added to the stack. The same force is applied, and now the stack accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What was the mass of the original stack?

  A person of weight 480 ctb;znh/n,,4lugqy le ;v 1u )frv-i:N stands on a scale in an elevator. What will the scale be readznen 1vy;i l h;),lv4u:-fqgrt,b c/uing when the elevator is accelerating downward at $4.00 \; m/s^2$?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If the mass of the person is 60. ).,py-ez dxdj3ewfdf 5c6xa/0 kg and the elevator accelerates downward withfdfzx ,3ce65 yjd /xe.w)-pad an acceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If the mass of tcmy:0h ak-g tvx/ qs+7he person is 60.0 kg and the elevator accelerat7q+gt/a -xm0kh s: yvces upward with an acceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  Two horizontal forces act on a p70*oi xff -zb5.0-kg mass. One force has a magnitude of 8.0 N and is directed due north. The second force toward the east has a magnitude of 6.0 N. What is t fopbi-0 zfx7*he acceleration of the mass?

  An object of mass 6000tiq, ;xc p:bh, kg rests on the flatbed of a truck. It is held in place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal f q:b ,cthi,xp;orce of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping distance if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  An object of mass 6000 kg rests on the flatbed of a truck. It is held in placevcae+ +vd 8 mlv644kt3vph.ik by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, h+ivkteam 8 +v l vvc.k3644pdwhat is the minimum stopping time if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig.em g x(p,c/q;2qonv (k 4-1, if M = 0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg, what is the magnitude of qnk/;2ogp((x vqe c,mthe acceleration of the system? (Ignore friction and the mass of the pulley.)

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0. 4)/vuvp pkkqls;, uhz1g0u/z60 kg and m = 0.40 kg, what is the tension in the string? (Ignorezgvk quu 10lkzhv)/ 4,;pups/ friction and the mass of the pulley.)

  A student pulls a box of books on a smooth horizontal floor with a force o. yb ,tzg1 niu,wvj)jn,9 r7ne9ppo2wf 100 N in a direction of bvtj w9n,gpuo1 y n i97j.)zpwnre, ,2$37^{\circ}$ above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the acceleration of the box?

  A student pulls a box of books on a smooth horizontal floor with a force of 100zr:)5nh /p2 hl.ozj bw N in a direction of 37.0e above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the wl2o:)z/n.hpb5zr hjbooks is 40.0 kg, what is the normal force on the box?

  A traffic light of weight 100 N is supported by two ropes as shown in Fsty w 1yc2;9ftf -7;g h)vhel rkq2yc1ig. 4-2. What are the tensions sc yyf2 y g;1t27w)khl1cet9q v;-rhfin the ropes?

  In Fig. 4-2, if the tensions in the ropes are 50 N, what is the mad,xqq bn+ l3s2y5hxt 5ss of the traffic ligh, y5n 5t2xsx q+qd3blht?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in contact with each other on a frictionu(0n*tjeiq4i zl r4 p+less surface. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is the acceleration of the more ma+*( rj4iinl4tez0uqp ssive box?

  Two boxes of masses m andapu xzge:x4 avl-/7n t64tmw* 2m are in contact with each other on a frictionless surface. (See Fig. 4l4:pme4 axaxw 6n-*vuz7t gt/ -3.) What is the net force on the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m ag3*5fr9u w yiore connected by a rope. (See Fig. 4-4.) If the forwa 5wo3g*u9fr iyrd force on the more massive box is F, what is the tension in the connecting rope?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by a rope. )(3 h6e/gujj/ um75nvt ymlno (See Fig. 4-4.) If the forward force on the more massive box is F, what is the au enmj(ovmt3 7j5n ug)l/6h/ycceleration of the less massive box?

Two boxes are connected by a 7*v0a wb*rrn/ pkof8 j x3)cmwcord running over a pulley as shown in Fig. 4-5. Box Ijaw x8rv mc)*/pr7*o0kfwn3b of mass
8.0 kg rest on the top of the table; the coefficient of kinetic friction between box I and the table is 0.10. Box II has a mass of 15.0 kg.
(a) Draw the free-body diagrams for the two boxes, identifying all of the forces acting on each of the masses.
(b) Calculate the acceleration of the system.
(c) Calculate the tension in the cord.

  The coefficient of static and kinetic frictions b(iu; *iv i 6wrz/4aofnetween a 3.0-kg box and a desk are 0.40 and 0.30, respectively. What is the net force on the4 iion*zrfi; vwa/u 6( box when a 15 N horizontal force is applied to the box?

  The coefficients of static and kinetic frictions for plastic on wood are 0.50m(6avp -x9zork* -pbo; s tza rf y;4i+taq+;j and t x -;(4ok- a9 fpqy++6azsrai ;z*vj tmrob;p0.40,
respectively. How much horizontal force would you need to apply to a 3.0 N plastic calculator to start it moving from rest?

  An object slides on a lg0s 4mc cw3; 9o:hjx, tcolm)revel surface in the +x direction. It slows and comes to a stop with a constant acceleratiogccc0:ojo l3m rw shx9 m)t;4,n of -$2.45 \; m/s^2$. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the object and the floor?

  A 10-kg box sitting on a horizontal surface is pulled by a 5.0-N force. A 3.0-Ns3(s5 4-wmhw hj l/osg.c dcue1xwu(4 friction force retards the motion. What is hh.w(du4 s5j /sx-g 3wwm(1 4ucloescthe acceleration of the object?

  A horizontal force of 5.0 N accelerates a 4.0-kg mass, from rest,e en bel .*.c*rse*lb, at a rate of $0.50 \; m/s^2$ in the positive direction. What friction force acts on the mass?

  During a hockey game, a puck is given an initial smmvyyn48dqhv *1g 9e*peed of 10 m/s. It slides 50 m on the ice before it stops. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the puck and the icg8ey*d nvy4 1qh*m9v me?

  During the investigation oy8a66 mki0zfyvvj24m f a traffic accident, police find skid marks 90.0 m long. They determine the civm fm64v206z8 yajyk oefficient of friction between the car's tires and the roadway to be 0.500 for the prevailing conditions. Estimate the speed of the car when the brakes were applied.

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stacy25 w69r-ly.j5lq( v2 etkk svovkah*ked. (See Fig. 4-6.) The surface between the more massive box anv l2otj2kkv h-k6 lr9a5e*.5(wqy syvd the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the static friction force on the less massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are st7iy8pbx ky.-2a1y zxsz- n6aeacked. (See Fig. 4-6.) The surface between the more massive box byxx a2yk1n s-6ey 7.zazi-8pand the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the coefficient of static friction between the boxes?

  An object is on a frictionless inclined plane. The plane is inclined0r9kch,8 a74wbpweav at an angleac r8 7h9b w0va,pk4ew of $30^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. What is the object's acceleration?

  A 10-kg mass slides down rqjr5 vxks ivo1 378 3tea82gga flat hill that makes an angle of $10^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. If friction is negligible, what is the resultant force on the sled?

  A mass is placed on a smooth inclined plane with0 (l5ghfssjl,lcq k3 : an angle of $37^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. If the inclined plane is 5.0-m long, how long does it take for the mass to reach the bottom of the inclined plane after it is released from rest?

A block lies on a smooth inclined plane tilkyme6.nh*tq+ ted at an angle of $35^{\circ}$ to the horizontal.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the block.
(b) Determine the block's acceleration as it slides down the inclined plane.
(c) If the block started from rest 8.5 m up the incline from its base, determine the block's speed when it reaches the bottom of the incline.
(d) How long did it take the block to reach the bottom of the inclined plane?

  A wooden block slides directly down an inclined 9e;c8xwn, nt ma/jjcr y:,tq *y1w kt(up8gc: plane, at a constant velocity ofeg:jxncjt /:yr,ytpm,19t;q8n( kww a *ccu8 6.0 m/s.
What is the coefficient of kinetic friction, if the plane makes an angle of $25^{\circ}$ with the horizontal?

  An object with a mass26 .r2eu6oh ez ty/xbc m slides down a rough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. What is the acceleration of the object?

  An object with a mass m su9zlrm *3burc9- . zivlides down a rough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. If the plane is 10 m long and the mass starts from rest, what will be its speed at the bottom of the plane?

  A bulldozer drags a log weighing 500 N along a rough surfq yu9+64 y5na)nzsvgeace. The cable attached to the log makes an angle 9yy e znna5uq4)sgv+ 6of $30.0^{\circ}$ with the ground. The coefficient of static friction between the log and the ground is 0.500. What minimum tension is required in the cable in order for the log to begin to move?

A 25.0-kg box is released from rest on a rough incliq -+t 340vrzngjo+xpdned plane tilted at an anglejzg x-p3nr+t +dq0o4v of $33.5^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.200.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the box.
(b) Determine the force of kinetic friction acting on the box.
(c) Determine the acceleration of the box as it slides down the inclined plane.

  An object is placed on an inclined plane. The angle of incline is gradually cc9 n:bg u: dddyfz)r.l6m5g; y tq21tincreased until the object begins to slz yylq2g159gct:nurm fd6 d:;d.c b)t ide. The angle at which this occurs is q. What is the coefficient of static friction between the object and the plane?