Which of Newton's laws best explains why motorists s)i3 k2u)2wsfo7:4bhv gp izdthould buckle-up?

  When you sit on a chair, the resultant foupwpuo oqi+*-8:pu 5 irce on you is

  In the absence of an external force, a moving objesh vx 1+ck;yl:ct will

  When the rocket engines on the starship NO-PAIN-NO-GAIN are suddenbs)nuf7c/g8a 6lc cy )ly turned off, while traveling in empty spal 7cfbs/ca)u y6)cg n8ce, the starship will

  A rocket moves through empty space in a straight line: :d zqf.otiq fz6h(:n/*t qcy with constant speed. It is far from the gravitational effect of any star or planet. Unde(y6dtoft:z iq./:*n hcqz:qf r these conditions, the force that must be applied to the rocket in order to sustain its motion is

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing forwrrrw(o5oct/ v- b11cvard, and you suddenly fall forward. You can imply from this crb t5r1( /cvvor1-wothat the bus's

  You are standing in a movingw:s(0o8x gvpw7h 2f0rx)xzmmvp(8r z bus, facing forward, and you suddenly fall forward as txpr:p28 zxmzs fm0g) oxwh wv(0rv(7 8he bus comes to an immediate stop. What force caused you to fall forward?

  A constant net force acts on an object. Describe the motion of the object.rtj0o/j zpyf )o ,gd,/

  The acceleration of an object is inversely d2zjip: jbv.0proportional to

  A net force F accelerates a mass m wi)o )k9yc *ungn5/ d7mlh;ah cpth an acceleration a. If the same net force is applied * uy)ondm9pagk/l nch 75;ch)to mass 2m, then the acceleration will be

  A net force F acts on a mass m and pro yvv yw/2ogf.hf1,z) vduces an acceleration a. What acceleration results if ,hfg/)v. ywoz 1vf2vy a net force 2F acts on mass 4m?

  If you blow up a ball5fa(4/,s,sxvupvd bci gn,0*fr tj 8 ;zotc:x oon, and then release it, the balloon will fly away. This is an illa5vu40j: d zfctn/ 8os,xf, tpbx,cgv;(i*srustration of

  Two cars collide head-on. At every moment during the collikxag, c3 c0 p8xg+p1fp. f0),ekzh87qm ad uwvsion, the magnitude of the force the first car exerts on tu,f.x7 mq8aacwfep k3cp0gp) x h,gv0dz k18+he second is exactly equal to the magnitude of the force the second car exerts on the first. This is an example of

  If you exert a force F on an object, the fop) 4/e9hf5 c b embt+sa0p29;s azppitrce which the object exerts on you wi 49 9ps p;eetpapb izschbft)/+ 50am2ll

  Action-reaction forces i0/ .is;nmtps

  Action-reaction force nabosdg ms0l*/m 7aa(met+;0s are

  A 20-ton truck collides with a 1500-lb car and c jed3id*l ;xts2)5kzhp0ac0gauses a lot of damage to the car. Since a lot h;0* g z s2 i3x)jl5dteakcpd0of damage is done on the car

  An object of mass m sits on a flat taf1.es7nih/d)mw0 u jf ble. The Earth pulls on this object with force mg, which we will call the action force. W0 efm jd1swhf) .nu7/ihat is the reaction force?

  A child's toy is suspended og7+b ,56huqbzl fl4hdkfj6 2from the ceiling by means of a string. The Earth pulls downward on the toy with its weight force of 8.0 N. If this is the "action force," what is the "reactio2kz ,buodf g66b7q fjlh4+5lh n force"?

  Your bat hits the ball pit/,wnkcnpxi 2.4-/ ukkby*lw3a3iicmched to you with a 1500-N instantaneous force. The ball hits /xm*p2 k,iwncwi /b3kc3-n akylu 4i.the bat with an instantaneous force, whose magnitude is

State Newton's three laws.sz wf ;.r ytui9h0n*,g

  Mass and weight

  The acceleration due to gravity is lower on the Moon than on Earth. Which m3jeqx nx,s *3of the following is true about the mass and weight of an astronaut onsmej* x3q,3nx the Moon's surface, compared to Earth?

  An example of a force which acts at a distance islvv) +d6/g4 mpn0xacn)q ufi.

  Who has a greater weight to mass ratio, a person weighing 405rmf)q2n6*pxe3 d je-tdnga: 0 N or a person weighijdqe3 5pfxtengn ) rmd:2a-*6ng 600 N?

  A stone is thrown straight up. At the top of its path, the net for/9qp m*) qlknbra6 q6pce acting on ir)kaq*qmb6 l/ qp 6pn9t is

  A 20-N weight and a 5.0-N weight are dropped simultaneousl6h6s7 uw/ukzb y from the same height. Ignore air resistance. Compare t6sb u6/z wu7hkheir accelerations.

  A brick and a feather fall to the earts:x uv .g2:gwgsj,q,zh at their respective terminal velocities. Which object experiences the gr.q2z g: vjs:,wu ggs,xeater force of air friction?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string fromyg *3h58c -5mp3l jswg wqxu1w the ceiling of an elevator. The elev*g5ch1gjpl ums5 qww3- x8y w3ator is moving up at constant speed. What is the tension in the string?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a 1hxpw;r/+ u. epj5slostring from the ceiling of an elevator. The elevator is moving upward, but slowing dowr+.xo;/w lsujpe ph15n. What is the tension in the string?

  The force that keeps you from+gd q 5-x,znevgizmp8/h w, (t sliding on an icy sidewalk is

  It's more difficult to start moving a heavy carton b-uu* 7glf 1t-b2rgntfrom rest than it is to keep pushing it with constant velocity,ngbu-*g1 btt-7 lrf 2u because

  A horizontal force accelerates a box froi,p.2t 3teerpy4 q3ehb 9 e0tum rest across a horizontal surface (friction is present) at a constant rate. Thub 0qtip e,er9h t p33e4y.2ete experiment is repeated, and all conditions remain the same with the exception that the horizontal force is doubled. What happens to the box's acceleration?

  A packing crate slides down auwqg(c7kl2g) fty47 ow402gu jt1m ed n inclined ramp at constant velocity. Thus we can deduce that1wdumk2t()wcelg4 gu204qg7f oyt7j

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane inxa/fept4z7 jibig -;yl17 zo(clined at an angle q with the horizontal. The normal reaction force exerted by the plane on t41ai/ ejtx (z -i7 yg;olfp7zbhe block is

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless mqw qmyc*l2/x08li8puwt ;(t plane inclined at an angle q with the horizontal. The normal reacti(q lw8 uiwxq*pc0/;y tmt28 lmon force exerted by the plane on the block is directed

  A block of mass M slides dsjg b/-n/l- upown a frictionless plane inclined at an angle q with the horiz/-lu png-/sbj ontal. The gravitational force is directed

  Two toy cars (16 kg and 2.0 kg) are released simultaneously on an inclih* x5/an-m g,8ulz8nrsv ,zlec -2gx(kbi 6 hwned plane that makes an angle of 30e with zz8,u5nx6c2 ih(llwvnb8*-smkxha ,/ -regg the horizontal. Make a statement which best describes their acceleration after being released.

  An object sits on a frictionless surface. A 16-N force is applied c(19; +i)jylvviezvw to the object, i+lij9;cwvve y1)(vzand it accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What is the mass of the object?

  A sports car of mass 1000 kg can accele 5uc203dqcs0xfrcvsw: q( y -arate from rest to 27 m/s in 7.0 s. What is the average forward force on the c d sqxc0 fr5-20ccau(syw3v:qar?

  Starting from rest, a 4.0-kg bsb1m +. g ivsycc9ne8:ody reaches a speed of 8.0 m/s in 2.0 s. What is the net force acting on th.vceisy nsb1:8 +c9gme body?

  An antitank weapon fire:t gs/stmkm- a; jot/3s a 3.00-kg rocket which acquires a speed of 50.0 m/s after tram//tm ot; -sj: st3kgaveling
90.0 cm down a launching tube. Assuming the rocket was accelerated uniformly, what is the average force acted on it?

  If you push a 4.0-kg mass with the same force that you push a 10-kg massy*x k tfmw97dlt,:gk4 from res7mx9t,g t*4lf k kdw:yt,

  What is the mass of a person who weighs 110 lvgf- k-*nge-qwda vy45d8.h qb?

  What is the mass of an object that weighs 250 N on the surn1dg 9wbrrt,qen5f1 8face of the Earth where the acceleration due to gravigrbw8d rt1 e519f,q nnty is $9.80 \; m/s^2$?

  An object has a mass of 60rsh9bv n 215.j pdth7*pr avm+uv8s5x.v(lr p kg on the Earth. What is the mass of the object on the surface of the M5j9vn(2* vb8 +prh1.d5rsvh mlau.pt7vr x psoon where the acceleration due to gravity is only 1/6 of that on the Earth?

  Object A weighs 40 N on Earth, and object B weighs 40 N on the8)5k o/b)6 ii ktosqui Moon. The Moon's gravity is one sixth of Earth's. Compare ot)ks 5uiko)ii8qb/6the masses of the objects.

  Sue and Sean are having a tug-ovmfc jd .9vcla*tq(c -hkn; (*ln, 5csf-war by pulling on opposite ends of a 5.0-kg rope. Sue pulls with a 15-N force. What is Sean( lccs5fa ;m*9(*-nnl,qj v tvk.chcd's force if the rope accelerates toward Sue at $2.0 \; m/s^2$?

  A stack of books rests on .nr.1wav n)a kp41 tkha level frictionless surface. A force F acts on the stack, and itn14)p1 k. vntrh akwa. accelerates at $3.0 \; m/s^2$. A 1.0 kg book is then added to the stack. The same force is applied, and now the stack accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What was the mass of the original stack?

  A person of weight 480 N stands on a scale in an elevati;,hf ebg(m8hzn0r7 -s+ xkmb or. What will the scale be reading when the elevator is accelernex8-hs rf7mb;,k0m(g+b hizating downward at $4.00 \; m/s^2$?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If t/oay+piz.tl;8. vvq she mass of the person is 60.0 kg and the elevator acceleyot p+i8lv .;./zqavsrates downward with an acceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. -: ;wi 0udmbvb If the mass of the person is 60.0 kg and the elevator accelerates upwa:-; bvw0idmburd with an acceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  Two horizontal forces act on a 5.0-kg mass. One force has a magnitude of 8.0 a)oq,fj,uyx 8 N and is directedou8yqxf, , a)j due north. The second force toward the east has a magnitude of 6.0 N. What is the acceleration of the mass?

  An object of mass 6000 kg rests on the flatbed of a qq -aqhul2ol 3-bsc. 3 7h.mqj c(5pdlgy.z0 ktruck. It is held in place by metal brackets that can exert a m3d-c7m5kcjhqqou0zlp.lg-2 asl3(q bqhy.. aximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping distance if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  An object of mass 6000 kg rests on the flatbed of a truck. It is held inizb*f vi7 c(i+ place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the m7ivif*ic b(+zinimum stopping time if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-tjq(ud* :0v0tzzgvmnm2oe32 1, if M = 0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg, what is the magnit0 0tm j:m2z(*zegd3 2 vutovnqude of the acceleration of the system? (Ignore friction and the mass of the pulley.)

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.6yb5e(miq doh1c42 cc2az3s*h0 kg and m = 0.40 kg, what is the tension in the string? (Ignore friction and the mass oo5z2s2h1mchc(qa 3iy*4 e bdcf the pulley.)

  A student pulls a box:+yze2lmmhbv3 +2 npb7awjfzll, o (4 of books on a smooth horizontal floor with a force of 100 N in a directzp j7 2b+l( 2:e y lvbfz4am,mwo+nh3lion of $37^{\circ}$ above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the acceleration of the box?

  A student pulls a box of b4:ltjw iik/ 9yooks on a smooth horizontal floor with a force of 100 N in a direction of 37.0e above the horizontal. I9iy4jt:il/k w f the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the normal force on the box?

  A traffic light of weight 100 N is supported by two ropes as shown esl:w h m/d,e3bxph(:in Fig. 4-2. What are thsmp dw :ebe:,3 (l/hhxe tensions in the ropes?

  In Fig. 4-2, if the tensions in the ropes are 50 N, what is the mass of the tragvlbgnda , 32iyi0 ,q6ffic light?ga 3g02l6qi,nbdyvi ,

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in contact with each other on a frictionless rl-ubr9wv/5x3t+ ln p surface. (See Fig. 4-bl5 tlrr+ /39-uv xpnw3.) What is the acceleration of the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m t/ *nfu:nthkh9 x x+.xare in contact with each other on a frictionless surface. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is the nut/ + f:kxxhxn9*hn t.et force on the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by a rope. (See Fig. 4-bm.hqxaxz/;s 3f f*3q u;2/ dxo(d fmv4.) If the forward force on the more massiv;f m.v2(xsuq* ;qo amdxf3 /zxf3hd b/e box is F, what is the tension in the connecting rope?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by a rope. (See Fig. 4-8- sy uc3r)q)ufhfy.f 4.) If the forward force on the more massive )fu38cfruqyy ) s -.hfbox is F, what is the acceleration of the less massive box?

Two boxes are connected by a cord running over a pulley as shown in Fig.4* t8bogphbui: ka4 y5 4-5. Box*b 4 584ob:gykhaupti I of mass
8.0 kg rest on the top of the table; the coefficient of kinetic friction between box I and the table is 0.10. Box II has a mass of 15.0 kg.
(a) Draw the free-body diagrams for the two boxes, identifying all of the forces acting on each of the masses.
(b) Calculate the acceleration of the system.
(c) Calculate the tension in the cord.

  The coefficient of static and kinetic frictions between a 3.0-kg box a1w n a(ox+ck7ynd a desk are 0.40 and 0.30, respectively. What is the net force on the box whenonxk (cw7+ ay1 a 15 N horizontal force is applied to the box?

  The coefficients of staticm0 pe/n jhh b.j/q4(cj and kinetic frictions for plastic on wood are 0.50 an( hh/e/bqcm04n p jjj.d 0.40,
respectively. How much horizontal force would you need to apply to a 3.0 N plastic calculator to start it moving from rest?

  An object slides on a level surface in the +x direction. It slowv::m kj x8+hpv)kep9q s and comes to a stop with a constant acceleration of -+jv::e9mhk) v x8pk pq$2.45 \; m/s^2$. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the object and the floor?

  A 10-kg box sitting on a horizontal surface i.xd3qcx8 mz;w s pulled by a 5.0-N force. A 3.0-N friction force38zmw d.xc;qx retards the motion. What is the acceleration of the object?

  A horizontal force of 5c- a-pdk,x4;qn0a)j vnlk6i a .0 N accelerates a 4.0-kg mass, from rest, at a rate of $0.50 \; m/s^2$ in the positive direction. What friction force acts on the mass?

  During a hockey game, a puck is cx1+eyiapgno6 x5)e +given an initial speed of 10 m/s. It slides 50 m on ti++o5ea1 xgyep cn x)6he ice before it stops. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the puck and the ice?

  During the investigation2 ,vr.lwrc gw wa,4bd, of a traffic accident, police find skid marks 90.0 m long. They determine the coefficient of friction between the car's tires and the roadway to be a2d4b, gwwv c,l,.wrr0.500 for the prevailing conditions. Estimate the speed of the car when the brakes were applied.

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stacked. (See Fig. 4-6.) The sur y(ck rwi*i(y;cbg ag.;kprrmmw g:,luk+0/(face between the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the k.r rpai(k(cr c+i0(* w/ ;mkybg,wgm:ygu;l more massive box, what is the static friction force on the less massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stacked. (See Fig. 4-6.) The surface b*sp if2 p:nbq:etween the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive 2spq*ifbn ::p box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the coefficient of static friction between the boxes?

  An object is on a fr6:qg (z jv6 ,7i1t6gmzol xvebictionless inclined plane. The plane is inclined at an angliv6zj6ggovx( lbm:7 qe, 1tz 6e of $30^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. What is the object's acceleration?

  A 10-kg mass slides do spjt62u/m-aha ck9w+wn a flat hill that makes an angle of $10^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. If friction is negligible, what is the resultant force on the sled?

  A mass is placed on a smooth inclined plane with anmz-w yhz.9 :qv angle of $37^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. If the inclined plane is 5.0-m long, how long does it take for the mass to reach the bottom of the inclined plane after it is released from rest?

A block lies on a smooth inclj36vbr7eziis:+: jziined plane tilted at an angle of $35^{\circ}$ to the horizontal.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the block.
(b) Determine the block's acceleration as it slides down the inclined plane.
(c) If the block started from rest 8.5 m up the incline from its base, determine the block's speed when it reaches the bottom of the incline.
(d) How long did it take the block to reach the bottom of the inclined plane?

  A wooden block slides directly down an inclined plane, at a constant veloci qd. p gyhdk*: ic,)k28zio ;ydf,ogm,ty ofd k.q2z) 8 ,dy ;ygofkh*cigd:i,p om, 6.0 m/s.
What is the coefficient of kinetic friction, if the plane makes an angle of $25^{\circ}$ with the horizontal?

  An object with a mass m2 dz-w191shtm wmvi,pg ac0 4m slides down a rough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. What is the acceleration of the object?

  An object with a mass m slides dowq:2/0 i/clud-v yzpgvn a rough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. If the plane is 10 m long and the mass starts from rest, what will be its speed at the bottom of the plane?

  A bulldozer drags a log weighing 500 N along a rough surface. The c fi4-ene)6 df opirm7-able attached to the log makeso47mif ei) n6ef pd--r an angle of $30.0^{\circ}$ with the ground. The coefficient of static friction between the log and the ground is 0.500. What minimum tension is required in the cable in order for the log to begin to move?

A 25.0-kg box is released from rest on a rough inclinkwdp py wh*3dunj 8:om2x23) d.k 6ctqed plane tilted at an angle otdcdp32.kpw w:68kn3xu h)o2jy*d q mf $33.5^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.200.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the box.
(b) Determine the force of kinetic friction acting on the box.
(c) Determine the acceleration of the box as it slides down the inclined plane.

  An object is placed on an inclined plane. The angle of incr b: 0o38wdqt.sls/fqline is gradually increased until the object begins to slide. The angle at which this occurs is qsf03. dbw r: ltqs8/oq. What is the coefficient of static friction between the object and the plane?